摘要: a kind of- / kinds of - 一种 / 各种...

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In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business .But he was not a good artist .So he invented a very simple camera (照相机).He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of hia garden .That was the first photo. 
The next important date in the history of photography (摄影术) was in 1837. That year, Daguere, another Frenchman ,took a picture of his reading room .He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly ,even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world .people took picture of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was developed .Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things .That was not simple .The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines. But this did not stop them ,for example, some in the United States worked so hard.
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers. He took many picture of great people .The picture were unusual beause they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的)
Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century .Some photos were nor just copies of the real world .They showed and feelings,like other kinds of art.
小题1:The first photo taken by Niepce was a picturte of ____________
A.his businessB.his houseC.his gardenD.his window
小题2:The Daguerrotype was____________.
A.a FrenchmanB.a kind of pictureC.a kind of cameraD.a photographer
小题3:If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to__________.
A.watch lots of films
B.buy an expensive camera
C.stop in most cities
D.take many films and something else with him.
小题4:Mathew Brady______________.
A.was very lifelike               
B.was famous for his unusual pictures
C.was quite strong              
D.took many pictures of moving people
小题5:This passage tells us_____________.
A.how photography was developed
B.how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures
C.how to take pictures in the world
D.how to use different cameras
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阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容,在文章后第 62~71小题的空格里填入最恰当的单词或短语,并将答案填写在标号为 62~71 的相应位置上。注意:每个空格只填写1个单词

Much meaning can be carried, clearly, with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak. Do you have such kind of experience? In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not too long. And if he notices that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable.

The same in daily life! If you are looked at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down, to see if there is anything wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel angry toward others’ stare(盯着)with you that way. Eyes do speak, right?

Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite or even rude. But things are different when it comes to stare at the opposite sex. If a man look at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to turn away from his looking, his purpose is obvious, that is, he wishes to attract her attention, to make her understand that he is admiring her.

However, the normal eye contact for two people during a conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what his friend is speaking, to tell him that he is interested.

If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking, as if he tries to control you, you will feel uncomfortable. We usually find a poor liar(说谎者)looking too long at the victim, because he believes that it is a sign of honest communication to look straight in the eye. Totally wrong!

In fact, continuous eye contact only happens between lovers, who will enjoy looking at each other gently for a long time, to show feelings that words cannot express. Obviously, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the proper situation.

Eyes can speak

In our 1. life

A lot of feeling can be  2.  to others with our eyes. There are a lot of facts to prove it. You may not feel very well when you are  3. at more than often. This time it will make you  4.  and you will wonder whether there’s something wrong. If not, you’ll be really angry.

When you look too long at the  5.  sex

Looking too long at a girl you  6. means you wish to attract her attention. And most of the time, continuous eyes contacting is just for7.  .

When you have a

  8.  with someone

If a speaker looks at the listeners a9. , it is a kind of 10. eye contact.

So remember to look at your partner at the right time. If not, it will make others uncomfortable.

 

 

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A fish that lives in America can live out. of water for months at a time, similar to how animals got used to land millions of years ago, a new study shows.
The Mangrove Rivulus, a kind of little fish, lives in small pools of water. When their living place dries up, they live. on the land, said Scott Taylor, a researcher in Florida.                        
The fish can grow as large as three inches. They group together and breathe air through their skin before they can find water again.
The new scientific discovery came during a trip.
"We were travelling for fun. and one day I kicked over a log (圆木) and the fish came out," Taylor told reporters by telephone. He said he would make his study on the fish known to the public in an American magazine early next year.
In lab tests, Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating.
Some other fish can live out of water for a short period of time. The walking catfish found in Southeast Asia can stay on land for hours at a time, while lungfish(肺鱼) found in Australia, Africa and South America can live out of water, but only in a not active(活波的)way. But no other known fish can be out of water as long as the Mangrove Rivulus and keep active, according to Patricia Wright, a biologist at a Canadian University.
More studies of the fish may tell how animals changed over time.
"These animals live in conditions similar to those millions of years ago, when animals began to move from water onto land," Wright said.
【小题1】The Mangrove Rivulus is a type of fish that_________.

A.lives on land in Africa
B.can stay alive for months out of water
C.prefers living in dry places
D.is the longest living fish on earth
【小题2】Who will write a report on Mangrove Rivulus?
A, Scott Taylor.                     B. Some reporters.
C. Patricia Wright.                   D. Scientists from Europe.
【小题3】According to the passage, lungfish can___________.
A.breathe through its skinB.be found in Asia
C.keep alive out of waterD.keep alive and walk on land
【小题4】Which one of the sentences below is not true?
A.The Mangrove Rivulus fish can live out of water as long as other animals if it has something to eat.
B.Millions of years ago, animals began to live onto land from water.
C.Lungfish found in Australia, Africa and South America can live out of water in a not active way.
D.The walking catfish found in Southeast Asia can stay on land for hours at a time.
【小题5】What can we say about the discovery of Mangrove Rivulus?
A.ft was made by Scott Taylor, a researcher in New york.
B.It was helped by an American magazine.
C.It was helped by Patricia Wright.
D.It was made by a researcher while travelling.

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Making sense of how the US shows humor
Living in a new country gives me many surprises. The first surprise was the way that the US people speak
One day I saw someone was having a public speech in a square. I thought it would be a serious speech. But I soon found it became a kind of entertainment show.
The speaker told the audience to protect the environment with humorous words. Later he said some people’s behavior didn’t go with their words. He took the example of Taylor Swift’s song We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together.[
He said that since Swift doesn’t want to be with the boy any more, she doesn’t need to speak it aloud, she doesn’t need to sing unless she still keeps in touch with that guy. It sounds like she is a hypocrite.
Then he sang the song in a funny way. The audience laughed out loudly. I felt a little angry because Swift is my favourite star. I couldn’t understand why they laughed at Swift.
As time goes on, I find many US people make fun of others. But they don’t mean to hurt them. They do that to show closeness and humour. And people who are laughed at seldom get angry. Now I understand the speaker at the square. Now I’ve got used to the way the US people speak.
It’s easy to find culture shock when you’re in a new place. But everyone should learn to understand different cultures and customs. 
小题1:The man in the square was _______________.
A.teaching people how to give a speech
B.calling on people to protect the environment
C.giving a singing show in public
D.criticizing the US government
小题2:What does the underlined word “hypocrite” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.会唱歌的人B.真诚的人C.虚伪的人D.爱护环境的人
小题3:From Paragraph 6, we learn that_________________.
A.many US people like to laugh at others
B.many US people are friendly and humorous
C.the US people get angry at others easily
D.the writer doesn’t like the way the US people speak
小题4:Which is Not suitable for the passage?
A.The writer went to America and protect the environment.
B.Americans show humour in a different way from China.
C.It’s easy to find culture shock when you are in a new place.
D.Tailor Swift is an American famous singer.
小题5:What does the article mainly talk about?
A.Differences between the Chinese and the US people.
B.In what way the US people speak in public.
C.How to get used to life in the US.
D.A Chinese girl’s culture shock experience in the US.
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阅读下面短文,按要求完成各项任务。.

Breaking Bad Eating -Habits

Have you heard the expression "You are what you eat"? Well, do you like who you are'' If not, break some bad eating habits and feel better about yourself.

Bad habit 1: ______________

Many packaged ( = in small bags) foods, such as frozen (纤维) dumplings ,rice rolls and instant noodles (方便面) have lots of fat and calories (热量).

   The solution: Read the instructions to find the healthiest foods that are low in salt and nigh in fiber Also check to make sure they have ingredients such as vegetables and grains When possible, use packaged foods as part of a "home-cooked" meal. For example frozen (纤维) dumplings with fresh vegetables are better than dumplings alone.

Bad habit 2:_____________________________________________

    People without breakfast don't have enough energy they need to get through the morning. Eating breakfast improves your concentration, memory (冰冻的) and mood.

   The solution: Always keep a kind of quick foods like yogurt. Or have a standing order a! breakfast place.

Bad habit 3:_________________________________________________

   It takes your body at least 20 minutes to "tell" your brain that you are full, So last eaters usually eat more than people who eat slowly.

The solution: Try to slow down. Try eating at least some of your meals without I V, hand phones or computers. Use a plate or bowl when you eat.

Bad habit 4:______________________ ______________

Healthy snacks between meals are fine. But when you snack instead of having real meals, you will not eat your meals regularly. Plus, snack foods such as chips and sweets aren't very satisfying That makes it easy to overeat.

The solution: To get more energy, allow yourself two healthy snacks a day. Choose snacks that will make you feel full. Try fruit, yogurt or nuts.

As we all know, bad habits can be broken. Take the first step toward a healthier eating routine(常规)——star following these tips today!

1.给文中的横线处选择合适的标题,并将其字母代号填写在下面的横线上.(2分)

  a. You are a fast eater.

  b. You often don't eat breakfast.

  c. All your meals come in packages.

  d. You snack too much.

 Bad habit 1:_____   Bad habit 2:_____   Bad habit 3:_____  Bad habit 4:_______

Bad habit 1:_c_ Bad habit 2:_b Bad habit 3:_a___Bad habit 4:d_______

2.列举出文中提到的三种packaged foods: (1 分)

  _______________  ____________________  ___________________

3.根据上下文,将文中划线句子译成汉语(2分)

It takes your baby at least 20 minutes to “tell” your brain that you are full.

                                                              

4.根据文章内容完成句子。(2分)

No eating breakfast is bad influence on your_________________, __________________,______________________ and __________________________

5.回答问题;How can you eat snacks healthily? (至少答出两种方式) (2分)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6.从文中找出与所给句子意思相同或相近的句子。(1分)

Your heaith depends on the food you eat.

_______________________________________________________________________________

 

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