.

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.

　　The three most valuable brand(商标)names on earth : Marlboro, Coca-cola and Budweiser, in that order.

　　It’s interesting that of the three most valuable brand names on earth, NONE of them are good for you.

　　Cigarettes kill 370,000 people a year in the U.S., not counting passive smoke. That’s over 1,000 people per day, equaling to five giant jets crashing daily. The estimates are that passive cigarette smoke kills over 15,000 people per year. That’s more than illegal drugs.

    Coke is a solid company, but let’s face it, carbonated(含二氧化碳的) soft drinks of any brand are not healthy for you. There was a fellow parked in my driveway years ago. We were talking and he was drinking a cola. For some reason I had moved the cola and placed it on the hood (发动机罩) of his car.

　　“Don’t put that drink on my car!” he shouted. “Don’t you know the acid(酸) in that drink will eat the paint off my car?” he said. He quickly took the drink and finished drinking it.

　　The third most valuable brand in the world is a beer.

　　It’s interesting what we value the most. You can’t control what the world values. You can only control what you value.

　　What do you value? Is it really valuable?

　　One method of determining what you really value is to try to do without it. If you can’t do it without it, then that’s what you value.

　　Are you trying to get to the mountaintop with a cigarette in your mouth, a soda in one hand, and a beer in the other because those are the things that you can’t do without?

　　Stop and think about your real treasures.“For where your treasure is, there will be your heart also ...”

56. According to the passage, Budweiser refers to____ .

　A. a kind of cigarette        B. a kind of soft drink

　C. a kind of paint           D. a kind of beer

57. How many people are killed by passive cigarette smoke per day?

　A. about 1,000       B. about 15,000      C. about 40         D. about 370,000

58. Why did the fellow take the cola and finish drinking it immediately?

　A. Because cola was good for his health.

　B. Because cola would damage the paint of his car.

　C. Because he was very thirsty then.

　D. Because he wanted to apologize to me.

59. What is the purpose of the text?

　A. To give advice on how to determine what you value most.

　B. To encourage people to give up smoking and drinking.

　C. To warn people not to believe advertisements.

　D. To tell people to have a clear mind about what is really valuable.

It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.

　　Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.

　　The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.

　　Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”

1.By “a one-way street” in Paragraph One, the author means ________.

　 A. university researchers know little about the commercial world

　 B. there is little exchange between industry and academia

　 C. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university

　 D. few university professors are willing to do industrial research

2.The underlined word “deterrent” most probably refers to something that ________.

　 A. keeps someone from taking action      B. helps to move the traffic

C. attracts people’s attention              D. brings someone a financial burden

3.What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?

A. Flexible work hours.                        

B. Her research interests.

C. Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.

D. Prospects of academic accomplishments.

4. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.

　 A. do financially more rewarding work

　 B. raise his status in the academic world

　 C. enrich his experience in medical research

　 D. exploit better intellectual opportunities

5.What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?

　 A. Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.

　 B. Develop its students’ potential in research.

　 C. Help it to obtain financial support from industry.

D. Gear its research towards practical applications.