阅读理解

　　Cole Bettles had been rejected by a number of universities when he received an e-mail from the University of California, San Diego, last month, congratulating him on his admission and inviting him to tour the campus．His mother booked a hotel in San Diego, and the 18-year-old Ojai high school senior arranged for his grandfather, uncle and other family members to meet them at the campus for lunch during the Saturday tour．

　　“They were like ‘Oh my God, that’s so awesome(棒的)’，” Bettles said．Right before he got in bed, he checked his e-mail one last time and found another message saying the school had made a mistake and his application had been denied．

　　In fact, all 28, 000 students turned away from UC San Diego, in one of the toughest college entrance seasons on record, had received the same incorrect message．The students’ hopes had been raised and then dashed(破灭)in a cruel twist that shows the danger of instant communications in the Internet age．

　　UCSD admissions director Mae Brown called it an “administrative error” but refused to say who had made the mistake, or if those responsible would be disciplined(受训)．

　　The e-mail, which began, “We’re thrilled that you’ve been admitted to UC San Diego, and we’re showcasing(展示)our beautiful campus on Admit Day, ” was sent to the full 46, 000 students who had applied, instead of just the 18, 000 who got in, Brown said．

　　The error was discovered almost immediately by her staff, who sent an apology within hours．

　　“It was really thrilling for a few hours; now he’s crushed(压垮)，” said Cole’s mother, Tracy Bettles．“It’s really tough on them．”

　　The admissions director said she was in the office on Monday until midnight answering e-mails and phone calls from disappointed students and their parents．She said she took full responsibility for the error．“We accessed the wrong database．We．www．ks5u．comrecognize the incredible pain receiving this false encouragement caused．It was not our intent．”

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

阅读理解

　　The e-mail, which is also called email, stands for “electronic(电子)mail”．You can send messages in only a few seconds by e-mail．

　　On the Internet there are many powerful computers called “servers(服务器)” to help people send and receive emails．The sending and receiving servers are just like post offices．If you want to use the email service, you have to open at least an email account called a “mail-box”, just like we set up a mail-box in the post office．Some mailboxes are provided free of charge by ISPs, which you can get when you open an Internet account．Most widely-used mail-boxes are provided free by the ISPs, and anyone can apply for one even if he has no ISP account．

　　How to apply for a free mailbox? First you have to connect to the Internet and go to the homepage(主页)of the ICP providing free mailboxes．Then you will find an icon(符号)showing “apply for a free mailbox”．Click the icon, and agreement about the rules for using the free mailbox will appear．If you want to go on, click the icon “I agree”．Then you have to fill in a form about your basic personal data, and the name and pin of the mailbox．The pin is the key to the mailbox．After finishing these, you will get a mailbox like this：Your-name@ mail．Server(For example：tvguide @ mail．cctv．com．cn．“tvguide” is the name of the mailbox, and “mail．cctv．com．cn” is the name of the mail-server)．The mailbox is separated into two parts by a separator“@”, which is read as “at”．The former part is the name of the mailbox．The latter(后者)is the domain name(域名)of the mail server．All mail to you will be received by the server and put into your mailbox(You can read this mail on any computer in the world as long as you have the name and pin of the mailbox)．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

阅读理解

　　Plants can't communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do．Instead, plants produce volatile compounds(挥发性化合物)——chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas．A flower's sweet smell, for example, comes from such volatile compounds to attract insects such as bugs and bees．

　　Plants can also discover volatile compounds produced by other plants．A tree under attack by hungry insets, for instance, may give off these chemicals in order to let other trees know about the attack．In response, the other trees may send off their chemicals to keep the bugs away——or even chemicals that will attract the bugs’ natural enemies．

　　Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying： a chemical sensor(传感器)called an “electronic nose”．The “e-nose” can tell such compounds as plants make．When plants are attacked, scientists say, the e-nose could help quickly decide whether plants are being eaten by insects．But today, the only way to spot such insects is to inspect individual plants by observing them．This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, including those that can house thousands of plants．The research team is working with an e-nose that can recognize volatile compounds．Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds based on the interactions(相互作用), and then the e-nose will give off electronic signals that the scientists can analyze by using computer software．

　　To test the e-nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all being common greenhouse crops．Then scientists collected samples of the air around damaged leaves from each type of crop．These plants had been damaged either by insects or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器)．

　　The e-nose, it turns out, can identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce．It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged．But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage——by insects or with a hole punch——had been done to the tomato leaves．

　　With some fine-tuning(微调), a device like the e-nose can one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say．A device like this can also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, India, who studies smells of flowers and plants．Hopefully, scientists believe, the device can bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

　　Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds,as most animals do．Instead,plants produce volatile compounds,chernicals that easily chasse trom a liquid to a gas．A flower’s sweet smell,for example,comes from volatile compounas that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees．

　　Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants,A tree under attack by hungre insects ,for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack,In response,the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away- or even chemicals that attract the bugs'natural enemies．

　　Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying：a chemical sensor(传感器)called an electronise nose,The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when they’re attacked．Seientists say the e-nose could help quickly detest whether plants are being eaten by insects,But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants this is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses,enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants．

　　The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds．Inside the device,13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds,Based on these interactions ,the e-nose gives off electronie signals that the scentists analyze using computer software．

　　To test the nose,the team presented it with healthy leaves from cueumber,pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops．Then the scientists colleced samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop．These plants had been chaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器)．

　　The e-nose,it turns out,could identify healthy cucumber,pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce,It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged．But even more impressive,the device could tell which type of damage－by insects or with a hole punch – had been done to the tomato leaves．

　　With some fine tuning,a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greehouses to quickly spot harmful bugs,the researchers say,A device like this could also be used to identify fruits thet are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat,says Natalia Dudareve,a biochemist at Purdue University in West lafayette,Ind,who studies smells of flowers and plants．Hopefully,scientists believe,the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future．

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)