When 19－year－old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make－A－Wish Foundation (基金会)，nobody understood what she was talking about.But Sophia knew just how important Make－A－Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends .We were interested in finding out more，so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.

Sophia told us that Make－A －Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980.“It's a charity(慈善机构)that helps children who have got very serious illnesses.Make－A－Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true ，” Sophia explained .

We asked Sophia how Make－A－Wish had first started.She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris ，who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman .Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true—so, with everybody's help, Chris, only seven years old at the time，had been a “policeman” for a day.” When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too，and that was the beginning of Make－A－Wish，” explained Sophia.

Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time.A Make－A－Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world.Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary，or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.

1.Sophia found out about Make－A－Wish because her best friend had________.

A．benefited from it? ????????????? ????????????? B．volunteered to help it

C．dreamed about it? ????????????? ????????????? D．told the author about it

2.According to Sophia，Make－A－Wish________.

A．is an international charity

B．was understood by nobody at first

C．raises money for very poor families

D．started by drawing the interest of the public

3.What is said about Chris in Paragraph 3?

A．He has been a policeman since he was seven.

B．He gave people the idea of starting Make－A－Wish

C．He wanted people to help make his dream come true.

D．He was the first child Make－A－Wish helped after it had been set up.

4.Which of the following is true about Make－A－Wish volunteers?

A．They are important for making wishes come true.

B．They try to help children get over their illnesses.

C．They visit sick children to make them feel special.

D．They provide what is necessary to make Make－A－Wish popular.

Don't blame genes for aging facial skin. A new study of twins suggests you can   1   those coarse(粗糙的) wrinkles, brown or pink spots, and dilated(膨胀的) blood vessels on too much time in the sun, smoking, and being overweight.

Because twins share genes, but may have  2  exposures to environmental factors, studying twins allows an, "opportunity to control for genetic susceptibility(敏感性)," Dr. Elma D. Baron, at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine in Cleveland, Ohio, and colleagues  3  in the latest issue of Archives of Dermatology.

Their analysis of environmental skin-damaging factors in 65 pairs of twins hints that skin aging is  4  more to environment and lifestyle than  5   factors.

But when it   6   skin cancer, the researchers say their findings support previous reports that   7  environment and genes affect skin cancer risk.

Baron's team   8   facial skin of 130 twins, 18 to 77 years old, who lived  9   in the northern Midwest and Eastern regions of the U.S. who were  10   the Twins Days Festival in Ohio in August 2002.

At this time, each of the twins also  11    reported how their skin burned or tanned  12    sunscreen(防晒霜), their weight, and their history of skin cancer, smoking, and alcohol drinking.

The study group   13   of 52 fraternal and 10 identical twin pairs, plus 3 pairs who were unsure of their twin status. Identical(同卵的) twins share all of their genes and fraternal twins share only about half.

From these data, the researchers  14  strong ties, outside of twin status, between smoking, older age, and being overweight, and having facial skin with evidence of environmental  15 

 16   contrast, sunscreen use and drinking alcohol appeared correlated with   17    skin damage.

Baron and colleagues say the current findings, which highlight ties between facial   18  and potentially avoidable  19   factors -- such as smoking, being overweight, and   20   overexposure to the sun's damaging rays -- may help motivate people to minimize these risky behaviors.

(    ) 1. A. blame                         B. owe                 C. take                 D. bring

(    ) 2. A. same                      B. different           C. similar             D. common

(    ) 3. A. explain                    B. confirm            C. declare             D. shout

(    ) 4. A. equal                             B. related              C. close               D. strict

(    ) 5. A. characteristic           B. personal           C. natural             D. genetic

(    ) 6. A. comes to                 B. talks of             C. refers to           D. gets to

(    ) 7. A. all                          B. neither             C. both                 D. either

(    ) 8. A. examined               B. checked            C. inspected          D. interviewed

(    ) 9. A. most                      B. usually             C. mostly              D. always

(    ) 10. A. joining                  B. representing      C. attending          D. remarking

(    ) 11. A. separately                  B. lonely              C. commonly               D. truly

(    ) 12. A. with                             B. on                    C. in                    D. without

(    ) 13. A. consisted                      B. made up         C. contained       D. included

(    ) 14. A. documented           B. recorded           C. reported           D. noted

(    ) 15. A. damage                 B. exploration       C. protection        D. material

(    ) 16. A. In                         B. By                   C. As                    D. At

(    ) 17. A. lesser                    B. more               C. no                    D. fewer

(    ) 18. A. look                             B. aging                      C. expression               D. wrinkle

(    ) 19. A. environmental               B. genetic             C. emotional        D. psychological

(    ) 20. A. protected                      B. planned            C. unprotected       D. prevented

People often don’ t do what they really want to for fear
of failure. You don't apply for a job      case you don't
【小题1】____________
get it. You don't perform at the school concert b  others
【小题2】____________
might laugh at you. A lack of confidence can 1  to a lot
【小题3】____________
of suffering. The key to o  this problem is to believe in
【小题4】____________
yourself. This might be   (容易)said than done, but there
【小题5】____________
are many w___ to help you do this. Talk about your problem
【小题6】____________
with a friend or look _  advice on the Internet. Imagine
【小题7】____________
yourself being (成功）and practice breathing techniques
【小题8】____________
to keep you calm when you get nervous. And the  _ important
【小题9】____________
thing is ： believe you can do it. When you’ve____ (学会）to do
【小题10】____________
that, you are well on your way.

Over the years I've been teaching children about a simple but powerful concept -- the ant philosophy (哲学).I think everybody should study ants.

They have an amazing four-part philosophy, and here is the first part: ants never quit. That's a good philosophy. If they're headed somewhere and you try to stop them; they'll look for another way.

They'll climb over, they'll climb under, and they'll climb around. They keep looking for another way. What a neat philosophy, to never quit looking for a way to get where you're supposed to go.

Second, ants think winter all summer. That's an important viewpoint. You can't be so naive ( 天真的) as to think summer will last forever. So ants are gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer.

An ancient story says, "Don't build your house on the sand in the summer. " Why do we need that advice.'? Because it is important to be realistic. In the summer, you've got to think storm. You've got to think rocks as you enjoy the sand and sun. Think ahead.

The third part of the ant philosophy is that ants think summer all winter. That is so important. During the winter, ants remind themselves, "This won't last long ; we'll soon be out of here. " And on the first warm day, the ants are out. If it turns cold again, they'll dive back down, but then they come out on the first warm day. They can't wait to get out.

And here's the last part of the ant-philosophy. How much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All he possibly can. What an incredible philosophy, the "all-you-possibly-can" philosophy.

Wow, what a great seminar to attend -- the ant seminar. Never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can.

1.If you try to stop ants going forward, they will

A．climb over your head                    B．quit looking for a way

C．search for another way                   D．keep climbing around

2.What is the second philosophy of ants?

A．Think winter all summer.                  B．Always be realistic.

C．Never become lazy in summer.             D．Always look ahead.

3.Which of the following can best describe the third part of the ant philosophy?

A．Always stay positive.                     B．Always remind yourself.

C．Always think summer.                    D．Always be hardworking.

4.We can learn from the last part of the ant philosophy that we should

A．never stop gathering food in the summer     B．always get prepared for the winter

C．gather as much as possible for the future     D．do whatever we can for the future

5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．The Concept of Ants                     B．The Ant Philosophy

C．Never Give up                          D．Do All You Can