An ichthyologist is a scream who studies fish. Most people who do this they love their work because it is very rewarding and varied. They work not only inside a laboratory, out in field. Fieldwork includes traveling to rivers, wtiins and lakes in order to collect informfer in scimens (样本).

Reading, writing and speaking are also very important to the job. Fish scientists need to read the research of other scientiats. They must be able to write up their tom research clearyly so that others can follow it. They also need to be able to give lectures about their findings, so that they care spread knowledge.

Ichthyologists who wish to specialize can choose any one of three areas of study. The first area is aquneulture （水产养殖）. This imrilves the study and practice of fislf farming and manageme . Because it is a rather new study, there are very few job opportunities available. However, as there is so much to dignwer, many are it as an exciting area for a new ichthyologist to enter. The second area is fisheries sciench ,which means working with a team of scientists to find out most about different fish species. The third is about the protection of natural fish populstons. This is important today, given that many fish are in danger of dying out between of the actions of humeas.

To because a cuecrful scientist, you need to have a curious mind and be able to walk on your own. You also needs to be able to handle equipment and erform experiments; but most importanily ,you must love fish. To become an ichthyologist, you will need to rtain at a university to pass a Bacherlor of Scienee degrr. For this, you will need to be good at mathers, physieal acience and hiology. Then, you will need to study for another year to complete an bonours degree in ichthylolgy. This honours degree contains coursework abour all adpects of fish. You also need to complete to complete a research paper.

1. What makes the jobs of ichthyologists so varied?

A. They study fish habits and collect information.

B. They have to study science and mathematics.

C. They work in fink is well as in laboratories.

D. They read rescarly papers written by others.

2. Which of the following statements is NOT ture sccording to the ?

A. An iebter has an interesting and varied ptoicssion.

B. Aquaculture is the study of fish protection.

C. The life of an ichtheyologist can inylove lots of travel.

D. A fish scientst needs to be indinoundent and curnous about things.

3.Who is most likely to become with ichtyologis?

A. Tom, because be likes find, and outdoor sports.

B. Jack, because he like to travel and read adventure books.

C. Jenny, become like science, mathematics and reading ainosaurs.

D. Jane, become she likes mathematics and reading about afnosaurs.

4. The passage is probably written for       .

A. university students

B. science researchers

C. fisheries experts

D. fish farmers

Feel tired lately? Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you? Perhaps he has sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong with you.

Then, consider this: you might be in a state of sub-health（亚健康）. Sub-health, also called the third state or gray state, is explained as a borderline（界限）state between health and disease.

According to the survey by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of sub-healthy people are middle-aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-week.

Symptoms include a lack of energy, depression, slow reactions, insomnia, anger, and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating and aching in the waist and legs.

The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health, according to some medical experts, is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly, and take part in open air activities.

As for meals, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should also eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, fish because they are rich in nutritional elements -- vitamins and other elements that are important to the body.

Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract（消化道）. They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding sub-health.

1..

 According to this passage, which of the following is true?

A. When you are in a state of sub-health, you should stay at home and keep silent.

B. When you are in a state of sub-health, you should go to see a doctor and buy some medicine.

C. When you are in a state of sub-health, you should have yourself examined in foreign countries.

D. When you are in a state of sub-health, you should find out the reasons and relax yourself.

2..

. It may be easy for middle-aged people to get sub-healthy because _________.

A. they have used up their energy                    B. they have lost their living hopes

C. they have more pressure in life and work          D. they begin to get older

3..

. The key to preventing you from falling into a state of sub-health is that you should ________.

A. work hard                                     B. sleep more

C. form good living habits                       D. take more medicine

4..

. The underlined word “alternate” in this passage is closest in meaning to _________.

A. arrange by turns     B. cause to take place     C. keep oneself busy with   D. get tired of

The city of Rome has passed a new law to prevent cruelty to animals. All goldfish bowls are no longer allowed and dog owners must walk their dogs,
"The civilization of a city can be measured by this," said Monica Cirinna, the councilor(议员 ) behind the new law.
"It's good to do whatever we can for our animals who in exchange for a little love fill our existence with their attention," she told a Rome newspaper.
The newspaper reported that round bowls don't give enough oxygen for fish and may make them go blind.
"Rome has tried to protect fish more than anywhere else in the world. It stands out for recognizing that fish are interesting animals who deserve our respect and compassion every bit as much as dogs and eats and other animals,” said Karin Robertson, a director of the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.
Last year a law was passed in Italy that gives people who desert pets big fines (罚款) and prison sentences. Since then local governments have added their own animal protection rules.
The northern city of Turin passed a law in April to give pet owners fines of up to $ 598 if they do not walk their dogs three times a day.
The new law in Rome also says that owners mustn't leave their dogs in hot cars or cut their dogs' tails to make them look lovelier. The law also gives legal recognition to the "cat ladies" who feed homeless cats. The cats live all over the city from ancient ruins to modem office car parks.
【小题1】The new law passed in Rome will             .

阅读下列短文，根据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入恰当的单词（注意：表格中的每个空只填一个单词）

For more than twenty years scientists have been seeking to understand the mystery of the ‘‘sixth sense" of direction．By trying out ideas and solving problems one by one，they are now getting closer to one answer．

One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass(指南针)．

Our earth itself is a big magnet(磁体)．So a little magnetic needle that swings freely lines

itself with the big earth magnet to point north When people discovered that idea about a thousand years ago and invented the compass，it allowed sailors to navigate (航海)on ocean voyages, even under cloudy skies.

 Actually the idea of the living compass came just from observing animals in nature．

 Many birds migrate twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes．Some of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at night．Experiments have shown that some birds can recognize star patterns．But they can keep on course even under cloudy skies．How can they do that?

A common bird that does not migrate but is great at finding its way home is the homing pigeon．Not all pigeons can find their way home．Those that can are very good at it，and they have been widely studied．

One interesting experiment was to attach little magnets to the birds’ heads to block their magnetic sense—just as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinner．On sunny days, that did not fool the pigeons．Evidently they can use the sun to tell which way they are going．But on cloudy days，the pigeons with magnets could not find their way．It was as if the magnets had blocked their magnetic sense．

Similar experiments with the same kind of results were done with honeybees．These insects also seem to have a special sense of direction．

In spite of the experiments，the idea of an animal compass seemed pretty extraordinary．How

would an animal get the magnetic stuff for a compass.

An answer came from an unexpected source．A scientist was studying bacteria that live in the

mud of ponds and marshes．He found accidentally little rod-like bacteria that all swam together inone direction—north．

Further study showed that each little bacterium had a chain of dense particles inside，which

proved magnetic．The bacteria had made themselves into little magnets that could line up with the

earth’s magnet．

The big news was that a living thing，even a simple bacterium，can make magnetite．That led

to a search to see whether animals might have it.. By using a special instrument called magnetometer，scientists were able to find magnetite in bees and birds，and even in fish．In each  animal，except for the bee．the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain．Thus．the idea of a built—in animal compass began to seem reasonable．

Custom tattooed fish (纹身鱼) may be big sellers at markets, but an animal expert say it is a cruel and potentially lethal practice.

In Laitai Flower and Fish Market near the Lufthansa Center in Beijing, four of over 20 fish stores sell marine ornamental fish that are tattooed using laser (激光)  guns with beautiful images in order to make them more attractive to customers. Many people just love these kinds of fish, which gives them a unique visual impression. The price of these fish ranges from 50-100 yuan. Some customers are willing to pay an additional 100 yuan to have Chinese characters tattooed on to the fish. The most popular characters are “zhaocai” (attracting fortune) and “ill” (blessing).The color of tattooed fish won’t fade away, and the fish can be cared for as regular fishes:

But Ye Zhenjiang, a professor from the Ocean University of China, said “the practice would damage a fish’s mackerel scale, which is its protective layer Although I haven’t done any research on the impact of the laser on mackerel scale, it is obvious that the mackerel scale may be infected or even destroyed under the exposure of laser,” Ye said. “It’s like tattooing a human being’s body, and it breaks the physiological balance of the fish and damages: the skin’s protective surface, It may even cause death among fishes which have thin mackerel scale.”

A specialist in aquatic(永生的) animal study surnamed Xu from the Beijing Fisheries Research Institute, said, “We have no specific regulations to prevent fish from being tattooed. An official surnamed Bai from the Fishery Surveillance and Administration Bureau(FSAB), said there is no study showing that the laser threatened a fish’s health. He said a regulation on small animal protection, to be passed in the near future, doesn’t include regular aquatic animals. He said the institution is only responsible for aquatic animals that are on the verge of extinction. He said tattooed fish are mainly from south China’s Guangdong province because Beijing does not have the laser technology to tattoo a fish.

“It’s too brutal to tattoo pictures or characters on fishes, even if it makes them more beautiful,” many tropical fish buyers told METRO yesterday. “We would never buy fish like that and we prefer them with natural beauty.”

1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

A. Tattooed fish look more attractive to customers.

B. Tattooed fish give people a unique visual impression

C. Tattooed fish can be harder to raise.

D. The color of tattooed fish will stay for ever

2. From Ye Zhenjiang’s talk, we know that _________.

A. It is illegal to tattoo fish by laser.

B. The mackerel scale offish is easy to destroy.

C. People can tattoo fish in other parts except mackerel scale

D. It may be a disaster for fish to be tattooed.

3. It can be inferred from the passage that ____________.

A. The price of tattooed fish is much higher than that of regular fish.

B. The FSAB will pass a regulation on tattooed fish.

C. Beijing did not have the laser technology to tattoo a fish.

D. The youth would buy tattooed fish the moment they see them.

4. This passage most probably comes from

A. a newspaper       B. a novel         C. a fairy tale      D. a magazine