摘要: It’s said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they because the ocean in between is too wide. (do) 答案:can’t/ couldn’t have done it 考点:情态动词 解析:当要对过去进行肯定的推测时.要用 “can’t/couldn’t+have+done 的结构 12 .Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it be regular exercise. A.can B.will C.must D.may 答案:C 句意:医生说锻炼对身体重要.但是必须是有规律的锻炼. 解析:考查情态动词.Can一般表示“可能.或能力 ,will表示“意志 ,may表示“许可. 可能 ,must表示“必须 .

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In the 1950s, a family that owned a farm near Beulah, Michigan kept a bull chained to an elm (榆树). The bull paced around the tree, dragging the heavy iron chain, which led to a groove (槽) in the bark . The groove deepened over the years. Though for whatever reason, it did not kill the tree.

   After some years, the family took their bull away. They cut the chain, leaving the loop around the tree and one link hanging down.

   Then one year, agricultural disaster struck Michigan in the form of Dutch Elm Disease. All of the elms lining the road leading to the farm became infected and died. Everyone thought that the old elm would be the next.

The farm owners considered doing the safe thing: pulling it out and cutting it up into firewood before it died. But they simply could not bring themselves to do it. It was as if the old tree had become a family friend. So they decided to let nature take its course.

   Amazingly, the tree did not die. Nobody could understand why it was the only elm still standing in the county!

Plant experts from Michigan State University came out to observe the tree. They observed the scar left by the iron chain, now almost completely covered by bark. The experts decided that it was the chain that saved the elm’s life. They reasoned that the tree must have absorbed so much iron from the chain that it became immune to the virus.

 It’s said that what doesn’t kill you will make you stronger. Or, as Earnest Hemingway put it, "Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are strongest at the broken places."

1.What did the family do with the elm when the agricultural disaster hit Michigan one year?

A. They invited plant experts to observe it.

B. They pulled it out and chopped it up into firewood.

C. They prevented it from being infected by the disease.

D. They did nothing and just let it be.

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. A groove formed because of natural forces.

B. The family decided to keep the tree because they had become attached to it.

C. All of the elms in Beulah, Michigan died of the disease.

D. The plant experts advised the family to chop it down.

3.What actually saved the elm?

A. The bull.   B. The groove.    C. The iron chain.  D. The experts.

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Let nature take its course

B. Strengthened by our wounds

C. Constant dripping wears away a stone

D. Bend, but don’t break

 

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  Scientists have argued for long over whether birds show real intelligence.Some scientists believe birds have abilities(能力)including communication and different kinds of memory.In some unusual cases, their abilities seem better than those of humans.

  Irene Pepperberg, a birds expert, did research about a grey parrot named.Griffin.Ms.Pepperberg says Griffin can arrange objects in order of size.She says the talking bird also can combine words in the right order.For example, he will combine words when asking for a piece of food.The researcher says experts had thought that only humans and other mammals with large brains have the ability to combine objects and words.She believes that bird brains have the ability to understand that complex(复杂的)tasks must be done in the correct order.

  Some birds have other memory skills.For example, they collect and store thousands of seeds in autumn, and find them later in winter.Alan Kamil and Alan Bond of the University of Nebraska are studying the memories of birds called jays and nutcrackers.Their experiments show that these birds use natural objects to find the seeds they have stored.

  It’s said some birds can learn as many as 2,000 different songs.Songs may have developed as a way for birds to communicate with other birds.

  According to Verner Bingman of Bowling Green State University in Ohio, birds must have a special guidance system in their brain.He says that understanding how a bird’s brain operates may help us better understand how a human brain processes information.

  However, some scientists do still believe birds do many things that appear to be acts of thoughtful intelligence.In most cases, they say, their behavior is simply instinctive(本能的), no reasoning power directing it.

(1)

What is the main subject discussed in the passage?

[  ]

A.

The intelligence of birds.

B.

Irene Pepperberg’s study on birds.

C.

The difference between humans and birds.

D.

Ways for experts to train birds.

(2)

What’s the main idea of Paragraphs 2 – 3?

[  ]

A.

Griffin, jays and nutcrackers are clever birds.

B.

Objects help birds remember things.

C.

Birds are as intelligent as humans.

D.

Birds have certain memory skills.

(3)

It can be inferred from this passage that ________.

[  ]

A.

most scientists believe birds have real intelligence

B.

mammals understand the relationship between objects and words

C.

maybe trees help jays to find the seeds they have stored

D.

birds always communicate with one anther by singing

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  Christopher Chaney, the man accused of hacking(非法侵入)celebrities'online accounts from which private images were posted on the Internet, will be in court on Friday for an identity hearing.

  Earlier this week, Chaney said I deeply apologize.I know what I did was probably one of the worst invasions(侵犯)of privacy, but I just became “addicted” and “didn't know how to stop”.

  Authorities accuse the 35-year –old of hacking into accounts on computers and other devices belonging to more than 50 people, including movie stars Scarlett Johansson and Mila Kunis and singer Christina Aguilera.

  Chaney was charged with accessing protected computers without authorization and damaging protected computers.He was able to access nude(裸体)photos of some of the celebrities and some of them were uploaded om the Internet.He also took financial information, movie scripts and conversations that the celebrities believed to be private.

  The FBI's Los Angeles office said he was arrested as part of “Operation Hackerazzi, ”which looked into computer invasions targeting individuals associated with the entertainment industry.“The hacking started as curiosity and it turned into just being, you know, addicted to seeing the behind-the –scenes of what's going on with these people you see on the big screen every day.It just happened and snowballed” Chaney said, adding that he wished it had never begun.

  Chaney was able to access passwords by monitoring social media and other online sites that the celebrities used.“You may have selected a password that' s meaningful to you that you may disclose online with friends”, said Steven Martinez, assistant director in charge of the FBI's Los Angeles field office, “Your pet's name or whatever.That's a clue to a hacker, to start there”.

  It's said that Chaney also used public sources to mine data about his victims.Once he hacked into a celebrity's e- mail account, he woule use the contact lists to find other celebrities'e-mail accounts, which allowed him to add new victims.

(1)

What does the news report mainly tell us about?

[  ]

A.

A man accused of hacking celebrities'online accounts.

B.

Operation Hackerazzi.

C.

Celebrities whose privacy was posted online.

D.

Computer invasions.

(2)

What can we call people like Chaney?

[  ]

A.

Computer addicts.

B.

Net authorities.

C.

Hackers.

D.

Hackers' victims.

(3)

What caused Chaney to start his invasions of celebrities' privacy?

[  ]

A.

Addiction.

B.

Curiosity.

C.

Public sources.

D.

Social media.

(4)

How did Chaney manage to hack into celebrities' online accounts?

[  ]

A.

By monitoring social media and other online sites.

B.

By uploading photos of celebrities.

C.

By using the contact lists in an e –mail account.

D.

By accessing passwords through some clues.

(5)

From the passage we can infer that.

[  ]

A.

celebrities'financial information and conversations are considered private

B.

it's unsafe to use your pet's name as a password

C.

Chaney is extremely interested in celebrities'personal affairs

D.

Chaney is unlikely to take responsibilities for his illegal behavior

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In the 1950s, a family that owned a farm near Beulah, Michigan kept a bull chained to an elm (榆树). The bull paced around the tree, dragging the heavy iron chain, which led to a groove (槽) in the bark . The groove deepened over the years. Though for whatever reason, it did not kill the tree.
After some years, the family took their bull away. They cut the chain, leaving the loop around the tree and one link hanging down.
Then one year, agricultural disaster struck Michigan in the form of Dutch Elm Disease. All of the elms lining the road leading to the farm became infected and died. Everyone thought that the old elm would be the next.
The farm owners considered doing the safe thing: pulling it out and cutting it up into firewood before it died. But they simply could not bring themselves to do it. It was as if the old tree had become a family friend. So they decided to let nature take its course.
Amazingly, the tree did not die. Nobody could understand why it was the only elm still standing in the county!
Plant experts from Michigan State University came out to observe the tree. They observed the scar left by the iron chain, now almost completely covered by bark. The experts decided that it was the chain that saved the elm’s life. They reasoned that the tree must have absorbed so much iron from the chain that it became immune to the virus.
 It’s said that what doesn’t kill you will make you stronger. Or, as Earnest Hemingway put it, "Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are strongest at the broken places."

  1. 1.

    What did the family do with the elm when the agricultural disaster hit Michigan one year?

    1. A.
      They invited plant experts to observe it
    2. B.
      They pulled it out and chopped it up into firewood
    3. C.
      They prevented it from being infected by the disease
    4. D.
      They did nothing and just let it be
  2. 2.

    Which of the following statements is TRUE?

    1. A.
      A groove formed because of natural forces
    2. B.
      The family decided to keep the tree because they had become attached to it
    3. C.
      All of the elms in Beulah, Michigan died of the disease
    4. D.
      The plant experts advised the family to chop it down
  3. 3.

    What actually saved the elm?

    1. A.
      The bull
    2. B.
      The groove
    3. C.
      The iron chain
    4. D.
      The experts
  4. 4.

    What would be the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      Let nature take its course
    2. B.
      Strengthened by our wounds
    3. C.
      Constant dripping wears away a stone
    4. D.
      Bend, but don’t break
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