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A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage. Foods can go bad if they get too warm. But for many of the world’s poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult. Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity.
Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses. Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly.
But in nineteen ninety-five a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution. He developed the “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.” It uses two round containers made of clay. A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one. The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand. The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks. A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system.
Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation(蒸发) process. Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot, where drier outside air is moving.
The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees. This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria. Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks.
People throughout Nigeria began using the invention. And it became popular with farmers in other African countries. Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first five thousand pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby.
In two thousand, the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise. This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being. A committee considers projects in science and medicine, technology, exploration and discovery, the environment and cultural history. Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects.
1.Which is the best title of the passage?
A. A Few Degrees can Make a Big Difference for Storage
B. A Cool Way to Keep Food from Spoiling
C. Spoiled Food Creates Health Risks and Economic Losses
D. The Evaporation Process Creates a Drop in Temperature
2.What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?
A. the structure of the invention
B. the usage of the invention
C. the cost of the invention
D. the inspiration of the invention
3.What is it that essentially keeps the food in the container from spoiling?
A. the wet cloth covering the cooling system.
B. the moving drier air outside the container
C. the wet sand between the containers
D. a drop in temperature by evaporation
4.According to the passage, where can we possibly see the invention?
A. rich and advanced families
B. scientific experiment laboratory
C. poor and underdeveloped area
D. supermarket needing to store goods
5.We can know from the passage that Mohammed Bah Abba ____________.
A. invented the controversial cooling system
B. financed the systems in all communities
C. received financial assistance for his invention
D. invented more complicated cooling system later
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Recently, I experienced a wonderful lesson that little things still mean a lot. I live on the Big Island of Hawaii. About a month ago, when I started my car and I 1 down at the roadside, a piece of paper caught my eye. I picked it up and 2 it carefully.
The form turned out to be a 3 from the State Motor Vehicle Division, documenting the owners’ 4 of their vehicle’s registration fees. Quickly, I put myself in their 5 and figured：no one would throw this out, 6 if it was current.
Although the form had been blown here, where in the busy, 7 parking lot would I find the owner? So I checked the date and noted the name of the 8 , who must be in our town. I thought that the best and easiest step to 9 was to put the form in an envelope addressed to the couple and 10 it by post. So I did it.
On the weekend, a 11 couple called at my house and brought me a big 12 . They said they had panicked and searched for the receipt(收据) 13 everywhere before giving up. Without it they would 14 $8, 000. It felt great to know I’d helped someone 15 a major trouble by doing something which at first glance seemed minor.
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听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
W：Did you all enjoy the film yesterday?
M：John was the only one who didn’t．
1．Who enjoyed the film yesterday?
A．John．
B．All except John．
C．Everyone, including John．
M：Aren’t you going to apologize for breaking that window?
W：Why should I?I didn’t throw the ball．
2．Who broke the window?
A．The boy．
B．The girl．
C．Someone else．
W：Have you moved into your new house yet?
M：Yes, already．
W：How do you like it?
M：It’s small but quiet．
3．What are they talking about?
A．A new house．
B．A new friend．
C．A new garden．
W：I’m returning the book you lent me．
M：That isn’t my book．
W：It’s not?That’s funny．It must belong to your brother then．
M：Should I give it to him?
W：Thanks．Here you are．
4．Who is the owner of the book?
A．The man himself．
B．The man’s brother．
C．The woman’s brother．
M：The study with all those bookshelves would be very useful．
W：And here is the kitchen with a large table and a fridge as well．
5．Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A．In a house．
B．In a park．
C．In a library．
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6～8题。
W：Sir!Please take me to the airport as quickly as possible．
M：OK!I will drive as fast as I can．When is your flight?
W：9∶30．
M：Don’t worry．We will be there on time．
W：You see, it takes quite a long time to pass the customs．
M：I know．Is this the first time you are travelling by air?
W：Yes, and this is the first time for me to go abroad．
M：No wonder you look a little nervous．Are you going alone?
W：No, five other teachers will go together with me．
6．What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A．Passenger and taxi driver．
B．Husband and wife．
C．Newly-made friends．
7．What time does the plane take off?
A．At 9∶13．
B．At 9∶30．
C．At 9∶20．
8．Why is the woman in such a hurry?
A．She is going to see five teachers off at the airport．
B．It’s almost time for her plane to take off．
C．It’s her first time to take a plane and she is a little nervous．
听第7段材料，回答第9～10题。
W：Do you have a plan for your holidays?
M：Yes, I’ll go back to my hometown．
W：To see your grandparents?
M：Yes, and also to do some farming．
W：You mean you know how to farm?
M：Yes．I did that every summer during holidays．
W：I didn’t know that a city boy can do farm work．Can I go there with you?I’d like to learn to do some farming．
M：Sure, my grandparents would be very happy to see you．
W：Are you sure?
9．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Farming．
B．Holiday plans．
C．Grandparents．
10．Where did the man grow up?
A．In the country．
B．At the seaside．
C．In the city．
听第8段材料，回答第11～13题。
W：Why did you sell the car?
M：It was giving me too much trouble．I was spending so much money on it that I was…er…spending more money than it was worth．Unfortunately, of course, when you actually sell the car, you’ve already, spent the money on it, so you lose both ways．
W：What was wrong with your old car?
M：The engine needed a lot of repairs and the wheels were giving trouble now and then．When I set off on a journey, it gave me a sort of feeling that I might not get to the other end．So I decided to change it．
W：Is the new car good?
M：Yes．It’s newer, more comfortable, and it hasn’t given me any trouble at all．When I set off, I’m quite sure that I’ll be able to get to the other end safely．
11．What did the man do about his old car?
A．He sold it．
B．He repaired the engine．
C．He gave it to his friend as a present．
12．How did the man feel about his old car?
A．It would go far safely．
B．It was in pretty good condition．
C．He shouldn’t have spent money having it repaired．
13．How does the man feel about his new car?
A．We are not sure．
B．It’s even worse than the old one．
C．It’s much better than the old one．
听第9段材料，回答14～16题。
M：Excuse me, Miss Smith, I cannot come to class tomorrow．
W：You missed two classes last week．You’ve missed a lot of lessons already．I think you should work a little harder to make up for them．
M：Yes, I will, Miss Smith．
W：Well, now, why can’t you attend my class tomorrow?
M：My grandfather is seriously ill and my family is going to visit him in the hospital tomorrow．
W：It seems to be an excuse．All right, you are excused．By the way, which hospital has your grandfather been in?
M：Which hospital? Er-er…he is in St．George’s Hospital．
W：St．George’s Hospital? That’s interesting．It has been closed for repair for the past two months．Tony Banks, you’re trying to cut my class again．You’re coming to my class tomorrow and staying after class for extra work．
14．What can we learn about the boy?
A．His grandfather is seriously ill．
B．He is tired of learning．
C．He is a good student．
15．What makes that woman know the boy is lying?
A．The fact that the hospital has been closed for 2 months．
B．The fact that the boy has cut classes before．
C．She met the boy’s grandfather only minutes ago．
16．What does the teacher decide to do?
A．Give the boy permission to see his grandfather．
B．Punish the boy by having him stay for extra work after class．
C．Go to the hospital to see the boy’s grandfather
17．How might the boy feel in the end?
A．Happy．
B．Moved．
C．Disappointed．
听第10段材料，回答第18～20题。
It was about two o’clock in the morning, and…and suddenly I woke up, I heard a noise．I got out of bed and went slowly downstairs．There was a light in the living room．I listened very carefully．I could hear two men speaking quietly．
“Burglars!” I thought．“Two of them!”Well, I was really frightened, so I went back upstairs, and immediately phoned they police from my bedroom．The police arrived quickly．They opened the front door with a special key and went into the living room．Then they came upstairs．“It’s all right now, sir, ”they explained．“We turned the television off for you!”
18．What did the speaker think had happened when he woke up?
A．The house was on fire．
B．Some guests had arrived．
C．The house was broken into．
19．Why didn’t the speaker get into the living room?
A．Because it was too dark there．
B．Because he was afraid．
C．Because the police were there．
20．What did the police find out?
A．The speaker had forgotten to turn off the TV before going to bed．
B．Two burglars (夜贼)were trying to steal valuable things．
C．Someone had opened the door with a special key．
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