阅读理解

　　When speaking of mathematics in East Asia, it is necessary to describe its development in China, Korea, and Japan as a whole. Mathematicians from these countries can be considered as part of the same mathematical community. Besides, these scholars usually wrote with Chinese characters and thus could read one another's texts.

　　The common basis for the development of mathematics in East Asia was books that were written in China from the 1st through the 13th century, to which most of the later works refer. For this period, the two main sources, the references found in the texts and those given in a list of books arranged for the dynastic annals(朝代编年史)indicate that there are many lacunae(空白) in the books that have existed. The oldest existing works survived because they became official books.

　　In the 17th century few ancient Chinese mathematical works were known, and those that were known were not fully understood. Afterwards, as Chinese mathematicians began to realize European achievements, they began to look for such works throughout the country. Editions of the texts they found began to appear at the end of the 18th century and have become the main sources for the history of Chinese mathematics. Discoveries of new sources are now rare。contrary to the situation for Arabic mathematics, for example. However, in the 20th century a mathematical book was discovered in a grave dating from the 2nd or 3rd century, which pushed back by more than three centuries what was previously known about the subject.

1．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

[　　]

A．Ancient China, Korea and Japan shared the same tradition in mathematical study.

B．Many Chinese, Korean and Japanese mathematicians used to work in the same community.

C．The ancient Chinese, Korean and Japanese mathematicians led the world in the field of mathematics.

D．Ancient Korean and Japanese mathematicians learned mathematics from their Chinese teachers.

2．The source of mathematics is traced back to books written _____.

[　　]

A．in China

B．in Japan

C．in Korea

D．in all the three countries

3．When Chinese mathematicians came to know European mathematics, they _____.

[　　]

A．found the Chinese mathematics history was longer than they had known

B．found ancient Chinese mathematics better than western mathematics

C．began to search for Chinese mathematics achievements in history literature

D．began to write books in mathematics in Chinese

4．The best title for the passage is _____.

[　　]

A．Mathematics in China

B．Mathematies in Ancient China

C．Mathematics in Ancient Asia

D．The Origin of Mathematics

Treating diseases by bathing has been popular for centuries. Modern medical bathing, or hydrotherapy, first became popular in Europe and by the late 1700’s also became popular in the United States.

For many years frequent bathing was believed to be bad for one’s health. Ordinary bathing just to be clean was avoided, and perfume(香水) was used to cover up body and smell.

By the 1700’s doctors began to say that soap and water were good for health. They believed that it was good for people to be clean. Slowly, people began to bathe more frequently.

In the United States ordinary bathing was slow to become popular. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, many Americans were known as“the great unwashed”.In one American city, for example, a person could only take a bath every 30 days! That was a law.

Frequency of bathing today is partly a matter of habit. People know that bathing for cleanliness is important to health. Doctors know that dirty bodies increase the chance of disease. Therefore in the United States people generally bathe often.

1.What does the word“hydrotherapy”underlined in the second paragraph refer to?

A. A bathing tub.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  B. Medical bathing.

C. Ordinary bathing.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.　Warm public baths.

2．Until when did doctors believe that ordinary bathing was good for health?

A. Until the 16th century　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  B.　Until the 17th century.

C. Until the 18th century.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Until the 19th century.

3.　Where did the ordinary bathing first become popular according to the passage?

A. In Africa.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   　　　　　　　　　　 B.In Europe.

C.　In the USA.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  D.The passage doesn’t tell us.

4.　Which of the following statements is not true?

A. Bathing was important to Greeks and Romans.

B.The Greek built water systems.

C.The Greek had warm public baths.

D.The Greek used bathtubs.

5.　The passage is mainly about ______.

A. bathing in the USA

B.the good points and bad points of bathing

C.the history of bathing

D.the modern medical bathing

Baths and bathing have been considered as an important medical therapy to man. In Greece there are the ruins of a bathtub and water system built over 3 000 years ago. The Romans had warm public baths. In some public baths as many as 3 000 persons could bathe at the same time.

Treating diseases by bathing has been popular for centuries. Modern medical bathing, or hydrotherapy, first became popular in Europe and by the late 1700’s also became popular in the United States.

For many years frequent bathing was believed to be bad for one’s health. Ordinary bathing just to be clean was avoided, and perfume(香水) was used to cover up body and smell.

By the 1700’s doctors began to say that soap and water were good for health. They believed that it was good for people to be clean. Slowly, people began to bathe more frequently.

In the United States ordinary bathing was slow to become popular. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, many Americans were known as“the great unwashed”.In one American city, for example, a person could only take a bath every 30 days! That was a law.

Frequency of bathing today is partly a matter of habit. People know that bathing for cleanliness is important to health. Doctors know that dirty bodies increase the chance of disease. Therefore in the United States people generally bathe often.

1.What does the word“hydrotherapy”underlined in the second paragraph refer to?

A. A bathing tub.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  B. Medical bathing.

C. Ordinary bathing.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.　Warm public baths.

2．Until when did doctors believe that ordinary bathing was good for health?

A. Until the 16th century　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  B.　Until the 17th century.

C. Until the 18th century.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Until the 19th century.

3.　Where did the ordinary bathing first become popular according to the passage?

A. In Africa.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   　　　　　　　　　　 B.In Europe.

C.　In the USA.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  D.The passage doesn’t tell us.

4.　Which of the following statements is not true?

A. Bathing was important to Greeks and Romans.

B.The Greek built water systems.

C.The Greek had warm public baths.

D.The Greek used bathtubs.

5.　The passage is mainly about ______.

A. bathing in the USA

B.the good points and bad points of bathing

C.the history of bathing

D.the modern medical bathing

One thing that British and Chinese cultures share is a love for fine tea. Today, when we think of Western tea culture, we often think of the English and beautiful china tea cups.

Afternoon tea

　 People believe that an English lady, Anna, first introduced the idea of afternoon tea. In the 18th and 19th centuries. the English ate only two main meals each day ,breakfast and a heavy supper that would last for several hours in the evening. As a result, people often got very hungry during the long wait between these two meals. To solve this problem, Anna came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and five o’clock. This meal included cakes and sandwiches. And tea was served to wash down the food. In order to make this afternoon meal important, fine china cups and plates, and silver teapots. knives, forks and spoons were used .Soon, afternoon tea parties became popular social occasions. Today, afternoon tea parties continue to play an important part in the social life in modern Britain.

Will you come for coffee?

　 Coffee also has an important role in British culture. People often use the words “Will you come for coffee?” to mean “Would you like to come to my home for a chat?” Normally, several different drinks such as tea, hot chocolate or a soft drink like orange Juice will be served as well as coffee. and you will be asked what you would like. However, you will not normally be offered wine at a “coffee” party.

Coffeehouses and the London Stock Exchange

　 In the 17th century London, coffeehouses were busy and noisy places. Businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses to do their business, as well as to drink coffee. In fact, the London Stock Exchange(股票交易所) is believed to have started from these coffeehouses

63. Anna introduced the idea of drinking afternoon tee because she _______.

A. found people felt hungry during the long wait between the two meals

B. loved fine tea and beautiful china tea cups

C. wanted to share nice food with her friends

D. enjoyed chatting with her friends at home

64. If someone says to you “Will you come for coffee?”, you _______.

A. will be offered coffee only

B. will be asked to have a chat with him or her

C. are asked what you would like to drink

D. are invited to take part in an afternoon tea party

65. From the last paragraph we can see _______.

A. most people wouldn’t like to go to coffeehouses because of the noise

B. coffeehouses are still used by businessmen and bankers

C. businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses just for coffee

D. a new business was started in coffeehouses