Steve, a typical American, stays home on workdays. He plugs into his personal computer terminal (终端) in order to hook up with his office. After work, he watches a movie on his home video recorder, or challenges himself to a game of electronic baseball. On many days, Steve does not talk to any other human beings, and he does not see any people except the ones on television. Steve is imaginary, but his lifestyle is very possible. The inventions of modem technology seem to be cutting us off from contact with our fellow human beings.

　　The world of business is one area in which technology is isolating us. Experts predict, for example, that many people will soon be able to work at home. With access to a large central computer, employees such as insurance agents(保险公司), secretaries, and accountants(会计)could do their jobs at display terminals in their own homes. They would never have to actually see the people they are dealing with. In addition, the way employees are paid will change. Workers' salaries will automatically be credited (记入……名下) to their pay or cash their checks. Personal banking will change, too. Customers will deal with machines to deposit or withdraw money from their accounts. Bank loans (贷款) will be approved or rejected, not in an interview with a loan officer, but through a display on a computer screen.

　　Another area that technology is changing is entertainment. Music, for instance, was once a group experience. People listened to music at contact halls or in small social gatherings. For many people now, however, music is a solitary (孤独的) experience. Walking along the street or sitting in their living rooms, they wear headphones to build a wall of music around them. Many more are choosing to wait for a film to appear on television or are renting videocassettes to watch at home. Instead of being involved with the laughter, applause, or hisses (尖叫声) of the audience, viewers watch movie in the isolation of their living moms.

　　Our games and sports are also changing. Rather than play tag (捉人游戏) or baseball after school, children now rush to the local video arcade to stare at their individual electronic playing fields. They are no longer interested in competing or interacting with each other.

　　Technology, then, seems to be driving human beings apart. Soon, we may no longer need to communicate with other human beings in order to do our work, entertain ourselves, or play the games we enjoy. Machines will be the coworkers and companions of the future.

1．The first paragraph presents the reader with a description of Steve's ________.

[　　]

2．The phrase“With access to a large central computer”in paragraph 2 can be best paraphrased as ________.

[　　]

A．“Owing to a large central computer”

B．“With a visit to a large central computer”

C．“With the help of a large central computer”

D．“Knowing how to operate a large central computer”

3．Technology is changing the world of business in that ________.

[　　]

A．machines will take over the work usually done by human beings

B．labor and time will be saved

C．people will be able to work at home

D．people will be kept well-informed through a display on a computer screen

4．From this selection we can conclude that ________.

[　　]

A．the author welcomes modem technology with open arms

B．modern technology is faultless in the author's eyes

C．the author only looks the dark side of modem technology

D．the author is strongly against modern technology

5．Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．The changes modern techno logy is bringing to people's life may be many.

B．There are a lot of side effects of modem technology.

C．People are becoming more and more solitary with modem technology.

D．None of the above.

完形填空

　　Have you ever wondered why we buy more things than we need when we go shopping? Even if we're not in the mood for shopping it __1__ that many of us waste money on unwanted purchase（所购物）. However, consumers __2__ to admit this and in general see themselves as being __3__ enough not to be influenced by advertising, retailers'（零售商) __4__ or even their own mood when shopping.

　　__5__ surveys（调查）which have been carried out, there's a strong __6__ between people's psychology（心理）and their purchases. In other words, if consumers feel __7__, they buy more. It seems retailers have realized this, so they play __8__ to create a more pleasant atmosphere. Apart from __9__, visual（视觉的）tricks are used as well. __10__ goods are placed on shelves where they can easily be __11__ by adults, while children's goods are displayed on __12__ shelves. Other ways of making people buy without __13__ that they are being influenced is the use of vivid __14__ to make products stand out or the smell of baking bread or fresh coffee flowing __15__ the store, which may attract the shoppers' appetite（食欲）.

　　Therefore, it isn't. __16__ to go shopping when you are hungry since you are more likely to __17__ products you don't really need in addition, don't carry __18__ money when out shopping because the more you have the more you __19__.

　　So are you a smart shopper or one that gets tricked into buying without realizing it? __20__ next time you go shopping!

Motorists who used to listening to the radio or their favourite tunes on CDs may have a new way to entertain themselves, engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.

A team from the Hokkaido Industrial Research Institute has built a number of "melody roads", which use cars as tuning forks to play music as they travel. The concept works by using grooves, which are cut at very specific intervals in the road surface. Just as travelling over small speed bumps or road markings can emit a rumbling tone throughout a vehicle, the melody road uses the spaces between to create different notes. Depending on how far apart the grooves are, a car moving over them will produce a series of high or low notes, enabling cunning designers to create a distinct tune.

According to reports, the system was the brainchild of Shizuo Shinoda, who accidentally scraped some markings into a road with a bulldozer before driving over them and realising that they helped to produce a variety of tones. The designs were refined by engineers at the institute in Sapporo. The team has previously worked on new technologies including the use of infra-red light to detect dangerous road surfaces.

However , the engineer still have a long way to go perfect the musical road. Motorists expecting to create their own hard rock soundtrack(MUSIC) could find themselves struggling to live the dream. In addition, they have to obey some rules to enjoy the music. They have to drive at 45 kilometers per hour with the car windows closed to hear well. Driving too fast will sound like playing fast forward, while driving around 20mph has a slow backward effect, and can almost make you car sick."

49. What can be the best title for the text?

A. Musical roads in Japan              

B. Hokkaido Industrial Research Institute in Japan

C. How to build the musical roads in Japan

D. How to Produce Notes on Musical Roads

50. How do motorists enjoy music on musical road?

A. By using bulldozers over the bumps.

B. By using cars over the marking roads

C. By controlling car speed

D. By producing car rumblings.

51. It can be inferred from the text that Shizuo Shinoda probably was a(n)        

A. engineer        B. musician      C. worker        D. researcher.

52. What prevent drivers expecting their own music form realizing their dreams?

A. Lacking musical gift               B. Lacking musical roads

C. Imperfect technology and rules limit.  D. Driving speed limit and distance limit

Cutting meat production and consumption by 30 percent would help to reduce carbon emissions(排放) and improve health in the most meat-loving nations, scientists said on Wednesday.

Using prediction models, British and Australian researchers　 1 that improving efficiency, increasing carbon capture and 2 fossil fuel dependence in farming would not be enough to　 3　 emissions targets.

But combining these steps 4 a 30 percent reduction in livestock（家畜） 5 in major meat-producing nations and a similar 6 in meat-eating, would lead to "substantial population health benefits" and cut emissions, they said.

The study found that in Britain, a 30 percent 7 intake of animal-source saturated（饱和的） fat by adults would reduce the 8 of premature（过早的） deaths from heart disease by some 17 percent -- equivalent to 18,000 premature deaths reduced in one year.

In Sao Paulo, Brazil, it could mean as 9 as 1,000 premature deaths reduced in a year, they said.

10 the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, 18 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions are from meat production and experts say rising 11 for meat, particularly in countries with growing economies, could 12 livestock production up by 85 percent from 2000 levels 13 2030.

The scientists said global action was needed to maximize the benefits of cutting meat production and 14 , and that the environmental 15 "may apply only in those countries that currently have high production levels."

The study was 16 in The Lancet medical journal as part of a series in climate change and health 17 the Copenhagen global climate summit scheduled next month.

In a second study, British scientists found that increased walking and cycling, and 18 cars, would have a much greater impact on health 19 low-emission vehicles in rich and middle-income countries.

Andrew Haines, director of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and head of the research series, said delegates at Copenhagen needed "to understand the potential 20 impacts of their plans."

(　 ) 1. A. invented 　　　　　 B. experimented 　 C. found 　　　　　　 D. proved

(　 ) 2. A. increasing 　　　　 B. speeding 　　　　 C. stopping 　　　　 D. reducing

(　 ) 3. A. meet 　　　　　　　　 B. change 　　　　　 C. break 　　　　　　　　　　 D. adapt

(　 ) 4. A. by 　　　　　　　　　 B. with 　　　　　　　 C. to 　　　　　　　　　 D. in

(　 ) 5. A. sale 　　　　　　　　　 B. eating 　　　　　　 C. production 　　　　　　 D. use

(　 ) 6. A. cut 　　　　　　　　　 B. increase 　　　　　 C. addition 　　　　　 D. consumption

(　 ) 7. A. lower 　　　　　　　 B. higher 　　　　　　 C. more 　　　　　　　 D. less

(　 ) 8. A. amount 　　　　　　 B. number 　　　　　 C. quantity 　　　　　 D. deal

(　 ) 9. A. much 　　　　　　　 B. many 　　　　　　　 C. few 　　　　　　　　 D. little

(　 ) 10. A. According to 　 B. Apart from 　　　 C. As well as 　　　 D. In addition to

(　 ) 11. A. resistance 　　　 B. fear 　　　　　　　　 C. demand 　　　　　 D. anxiety

(　 ) 12. A. weaken 　　　　　 B. strengthen 　　　 C. drive 　　　　　　　 D. broaden

(　 ) 13. A. in 　　　　　　　　　 B. by 　　　　　　　　　 C. from 　　　　　　　 D. after

(　 ) 14. A. evaluation 　　　 B. consumption 　 C. process 　　　　　 D. store

(　 ) 15. A. advantage 　　　 B. disadvantage 　 C. pollution 　　　　 D. improvement

(　 ) 16. A. written 　　　　　 B. claimed 　　　　　 C. delivered 　　　　 D. published

(　 ) 17. A. along with 　　　　　　 B. from behind 　　 C. ahead of 　　　　 D. in front of

(　 ) 18. A. more 　　　　　　　 B. fewer 　　　　　　　　　　 C. no 　　　　　　　　　 . none

(　 ) 19. A. then 　　　　　　　 B. as 　　　　　　　　　 C. that 　　　　　　　　 D. than

(　 ) 20. A. health 　　　　　　 B. body 　　　　　　　 C. spirit 　　　　　　　 D. emotion