At the top of a hill,we can usually get a good view of everything around us,so from there we can plan which direction to go next.

As we go downhill,we can see less and less,and at the bottom of that hill,even less.So,because we can see more from the top of the hill,we can also plan our future better.

In business,education,or anything else that people do,being”on top”means being the best.A business that is”on top”is beating all its competition in the same way,a student”on top”is getting the highest grades in his or her class.

Such a business or student is in a good position to plan a positive future.

It is necessary,however,to continue to work very hard to keep one’s position”on top”.If one allows high standards to fall through inattention,mismanagement,or poor quality control,we can say that that person’s work or business is”going downhill”.

1.What does”go downhill”in this passage mean?

A.See less.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.Be in a worse condition.

C.Get worse.　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.Slip off the top of a hill.

2.If a company 　　　,it will go downhill.

A.beats all its competition　　　　　　　 B.no longer gets a good view

C.is run improperly　　　　　　　　　　　 D.has no direction to go next

3.The writer wants to tell us that 　　　.

A.we’d better often plan our future

B.it’s worth trying to keep”on top”

C.it’s not easy to keep high standard

D.the higher we stand the further we can see

MY Chinese friend is going to the US and he is nervous about what to talk about. “Talk about the weather,” is my advice.
“How are you?” is often followed by comments about the weather. “Nice day today.” “Cold/hot enough for you?” “Will it ever stop raining?” “Some winter we’re having.” “Can’t remember a winter/summer so cold/hot.” “Whew, it’s hot out there.”
These introductory statements are often followed by a long conversation entirely about weather conditions. Past, present and – with global warming – speculation (推测) about the future.
Our fascination with weather might seem silly, but the real purpose behind those endless discussions is small talk. Weather’s a safe topic of conversation. As a group, we Americans seem to enjoy chatting with those around us. Whenever we stand in line at the grocery store, we tend to engage in this sort of conversation with other people standing in line with us. If I were seated next to another American on any form of public transport, I’d expect both of us to make some harmless comment about the weather as a way of acknowledging (承认) each other’s presence (存在). At parties, the weather is a common topic, especially with those you are meeting for the first time.
In contrast we are taught to avoid certain topics like religion and politics. Weather is neutral (中性的); you don’t have to have an opinion about it, just make a statement of a fact. What is truly interesting is the fact that we can go on and on about it.
My Chinese friend has a hard time understanding why we put so much effort into this topic – and why I warn him about bringing up much more “interesting” subjects like salaries or how much something costs.
Sometimes it is tricky (复杂的) to wend (行走) one’s way through winding cultural roads, especially those that are never taught in books.
【小题1】What does the writer suggest her Chinese friend should talk about with people in the US? (No more than two words)
【小题2】Why do Americans enjoy talking to people around them about the weather, in writer’s opinion? (No more than ten words)
【小题3】List four topics that people should avoid talking about in the US. ( No more than 5 words)

Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage .

According to one study, words send only 7 percent of a person’s message. Intonation (语调) and voice quality communicate 38 percent, and nonverbal(not using or involving words) cues (暗示) transmit a large 55 percent. That means people pick up more from nonverbal communication than from the words a person says. When studying a foreign culture then, it just makes sense to pay attention to how people use nonverbal cues.

Gestures consist of a major form of nonverbal communication. But often these gestures are culture-bound. For example, when the Maoris of New Zealand stick out (伸出) their tongue at someone, it is a sign of respect. When American schoolchildren make the same gesture, it means just the opposite. Also, Americans often indicate “OK” with their thumb and fore-finger touching to form a circle. The same gesture means “money” to the Japanese and “zero” to the French. For that reason, people in a foreign culture must use gestures with caution.

Another part of nonverbal communication is the one that you might not think about — space. When someone comes too close, he feels uncomfortable. When he knocks into someone, he feels obligated (有义务的) to apologize. But the size of a person’s “comfort zone” varies, depending on his cultural or ethnic origin. For example, in casual conversation, many Americans stand about four feet apart. People in Latin or Arabic cultures, instead, stand very close to each other and touch each other often.

Considering the effects of nonverbal communication, we never really stop communicating. How we walk, how we stand and how we use our hands all send a message to others. That’s why it’s possible to “read someone like a book”.

1. How does an American feel when an Arab stands too close to him ?（no more than 3 words）

_________________________________________________________

2. What does the gesture “OK” mean in Japan?  （no more than 3 words）

_________________________________________________________

3.Why do we pay more attention to nonverbal cues in a foreign country?（no more than 10 words）

_________________________________________________________

4. Why should people in a foreign culture must use gestures with caution?（no more than 10 words）

_________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文? 中共有1O处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

??? 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号( )，并在其下面写出该加的词。

??? 删除：把多余的词用斜线(　）划掉。

??? 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改1O处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

? Union　is strength Whenever you're faced with difficulties or in a? dilemma ,cooperation plays an important part in getting you out of trouble

? There was a time when I was too proud that I? overlooked my classmate . refusing to work together with them. Therefore .it was no doubt that I was left alone . suffering from loneliness and? failure. Unfortunately a teacher impressed on me the value of cooperation. From then? on ,I? learned to help others and turn to my friends for the help whenever I had difficulty finish a task? on my own. Surely cooperation made a great difference. Now I am getting well with my friend.

My experience has teach me that only if we attach? great importance with? cooperation can? we go beyond ourselves? As the saying go "United we stand ;divided we fall."

MY Chinese friend is going to the US and he is nervous about what to talk about. “Talk about the weather,” is my advice.

“How are you?” is often followed by comments about the weather. “Nice day today.” “Cold/hot enough for you?” “Will it ever stop raining?” “Some winter we’re having.” “Can’t remember a winter/summer so cold/hot.” “Whew, it’s hot out there.”

These introductory statements are often followed by a long conversation entirely about weather conditions. Past, present and – with global warming – speculation (推测) about the future.

Our fascination with weather might seem silly, but the real purpose behind those endless discussions is small talk. Weather’s a safe topic of conversation. As a group, we Americans seem to enjoy chatting with those around us. Whenever we stand in line at the grocery store, we tend to engage in this sort of conversation with other people standing in line with us. If I were seated next to another American on any form of public transport, I’d expect both of us to make some harmless comment about the weather as a way of acknowledging (承认) each other’s presence (存在). At parties, the weather is a common topic, especially with those you are meeting for the first time.

In contrast we are taught to avoid certain topics like religion and politics. Weather is neutral (中性的); you don’t have to have an opinion about it, just make a statement of a fact. What is truly interesting is the fact that we can go on and on about it.

My Chinese friend has a hard time understanding why we put so much effort into this topic – and why I warn him about bringing up much more “interesting” subjects like salaries or how much something costs.

Sometimes it is tricky (复杂的) to wend (行走) one’s way through winding cultural roads, especially those that are never taught in books.

1.What does the writer suggest her Chinese friend should talk about with people in the US? (No more than two words)

2.Why do Americans enjoy talking to people around them about the weather, in writer’s opinion? (No more than ten words)

3.List four topics that people should avoid talking about in the US. ( No more than 5 words)