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In the United States，train transportation is unpopular compared with cars and airplanes．Most people like traveling by car or by air.
Officials of the United States Department of Transportation made a study in 2001．The study is about how many miles Americans traveled by different means of transportation．They only studied trips longer than 50 miles．The study showed that fifty-six percent of all miles were traveled in personal vehicle．Forty-one percent were traveled in an airplane．Two percent were traveled in a bus．And less than one percent of miles were traveled in a train.
Amtrak is the national provider of train transportation in the United States．In the past ten years，the number of its passengers has increased by eighteen percent．Although the number of passengers has increased，it is still very small now．In countries such as France，Germany，or Japan，more people use trains．
There are several reasons why many people __________________________．
Firstly，Americans love to drive their own cars．On highways，cars can travel as fast as trains．These highways connect all major cities in America．Secondly，many travelers like to be independent．When they use their own cars they can decide when to travel．Thirdly，many buses travel between major cities．Bus travel is less costly than train travel.
In a huge country like the United States，cities are far away from each other．In some cases，travel from one city to another by train may take more than a day．Airplanes can carry passengers over long distances much faster．People who do not want to spend long time traveling by train decide to fly．For these people saving time is the most important thing.
【小题1】What is the best title of the passage? （Please answer within 10 words.）
【小题2】Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
It’s convenient for people to decide the start-off time when they travel in their own cars.
【小题3】Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（Please answer within 10 words.）
【小题4】What means of transportation do you like best when traveling，trains，cars，or planes? Why? （Please answer within 30 words）
【小题5】Translate the underlined sentences in the last paragraph into Chinese.
In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (坏血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men??s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors?? diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors.
Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza.
The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.
51. Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____
A. salted meat and biscuits B. exhaustion
C. want of some essential substances D. lack of fresh vegetables and fruits
52. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by____.
A. got rid of B. killed C. avoided D. cleared away
53. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it??s better for us ____.
A. not to eat much salted meat
B. to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills
C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables
D. to develop a good dietary habit
54. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____.
A. vitamin pills are of no avail
B. nutritious food might be unhealthy
C. vegetable leaves can be a good remedy
D. religious fasting may help out a lot
55. Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage?
A. Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases.
B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body.
C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people??s health.
D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us.
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(阅读表达。)
阅读所给短文，并根据短文后题目的要求进行简答。?
Comic(喜剧的)book superhero Spider-Man uses tiny hairs on his fingertips to climb up walls．But he could have had another secret weapon to help him stick．
Scientists have now found that some spiders can also make silk in their feet, which may sometimes help them get a firmer grip on a surface．
Spiders are good at gripping walls with their legs．Thousands of little hairs on their feet make it possible．To test whether spiders also make these hairs wet to improve grip, scientists watched zebra tarantulas crawl(爬行)up glass slides．
When they tilted a glass slide until it was almost vertical, the spider slipped a few millimeters before attaching itself again．The scientists were surprised to see little threads(线)stretching from its feet to the slide．When they studied the spider’s feet under a special microscope, they found tiny silk-shooting spouts(吐出)among the hairs．
This was a surprise because scientists had previously thought spiders only use special organs near their stomachs to make silk．
It’s possible that, a long time ago, feet were the first body parts of spiders to produce silk．Only later in their evolutionary(进化)history did spiders develop spinnerets on their abdomens(腹部)to produce silk for webs(网)．
If so, the researchers say, this could mean that the silk’s original purpose was to , rather than to build homes or trap prey(猎物)．
1．What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words．)
________________________
2．Which sentence in the passage can be best replaced by the following one?
It has been discovered that the silk spouted from the feet of the spiders can assist them to get attached on objects．
________________________
3．Fill in the blank with proper words or phrases．(Please answer within 10 words．)
________________________
4．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese．
________________________
5．What can you learn from this discovery?(Please answer within 20 words．)
________________________
阅读表达
Breakfast is not only the most important meal of the day, it is also the most neglected(忽视)．Common reasons for not eating breakfast include lack of time, not feeling hungry, traditional dislike for breakfast, and dieting．
Breakfast simply means “Breakfast the fast”．Your body spends at least 6 to 12 hours each night in a fasting state．In the morning your body needs energy for the day’s work ahead．
A good breakfast should provide up to 1/3 of your total calorie needs for the day．On average, we eat 400 less calories for breakfast than for dinner．If breakfast doesn’t interest you, try eating a lighter dinner earlier in the evening or save half your dinner for breakfast ________．
So, you say you’re on a diet．Some people fear eating breakfast will make them hungrier during the day and they will eat more．It is true that eating breakfast is likely to make you feel hungry throughout the day．That’s because your body is working correctly．Although you may feel as if you eating more all day long, in reality you are probably not．
Not eating breakfast can also cause you to overeat, since a fall in blood sugar often makes you feel very hungry later．To make matters worse, since your body is in a slowed state it will not be able to burn those extra calories very efficiently(有效地)．If you feed your body healthy snacks(小吃)and meals throughout and day, you are less likely to become hungry and stuff(填饱)yourself as soon as you begin to eat．
Since breakfast is the first important meal of the day, choosing the right fuel is important．The best breakfast foods are fruits, juice, lean(精瘦的)meat, and grain products such as bread, rice, noodles and so on．
1．What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 8 words．)
______________________________
2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
It is a fact that you’ll feel hungry all the day if you have breakfast．
______________________________
3．Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words．)
______________________________
4．Do you think breakfast is important or not? Why?
______________________________
5．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese．
______________________________
For years Tom Anderson's life was withered(枯萎) up by the memory of his part in an outdoor adventure that resulted in the death of one of his classmates. He and his wife separated after six years of marriage. Then the news about Tom changed. His wife Betty came back; he earned a fine position in a company.
One day he told me what had changed his life: I used to think, ‘Nothing can undo(破坏；扰乱) what I have done.’ The thought of my guilt would stop me in the middle of a smile or a handshake. It put a wall between my wife and me. Then I had an unexpected visit from the person I feared most to see —the mother of the college classmate who died. “Years ago”, she said, “I found it in my heart, through prayer(祈祷), to . Betty forgave you. So did your friends and employers.” She paused, and then said strictly, “You are the one person who hasn’t forgiven Tom Anderson. Who do you think you are to stand out against the people of this town and the Lord Almighty?” “I looked into her eyes and found there a kind of permission to be the person I might have been if her boy had lived. For the first time in my adult life I felt worthy to love and be loved.”
It is only through forgiveness of our mistakes that we gain the freedom to learn from experience. But forgiving our shortcomings doesn't mean ignoring that they exist. On the contrary, it means facing them honestly, realistically（现实地）. Unless you forgive, you cannot love. And without love, life has no meaning. Forgiveness is a good quality.
71. What is the best title of this passage? (Within 10 words)
_________________________________________________________________
72.Fill in the blank with proper words to complete the sentence in paragraph 2?
(Within 5 words)
_________________________________________________________________
73. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
I would hold back my smile and stop shaking hands with people at the thought of
my fault in the adventure.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
74.What would you do when someone does something wrong to you indeliberately(非
故意地)? Why? (within 30 words)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
75. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
_________________________________________________________________
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