6．A．from B．beyond C．between D．among——青夏教育精英家教网—

摘要：6．A．from B．beyond C．between D．among

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Read the following three passages．Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage．

　　French writer Le Clezio won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Literature, the Swedish Academy announced Thursday．

　　The Academy cited Le Clezio as “author of new departures and poetic adventure, explorer of humanity beyond civilization．”

　　Le Clezio, 48, received much attention with his first novel The Interrogation in 1963 and made the breakthrough as a novelist with Desert in 1980, for which he was rewarded a prize from the French Academy．

　　This novel Desert contains magnificent images of a lost culture in the North African desert, contrast with a description of Europe seen through the eyes of unwanted immigrants, the Swedish Academy said in the statement．

　　The emphasis in Le Clezio’s work has increasingly moved in the direction of an exploration of the world of childhood and of his own family history, the academy added．

　　Le Clezio was born 1940 in Nice of France, but both parents had strong family connections with the former French colony Mauritius．At the age of eight, he moved to Nigeria with his family．During the month-long voyage to Nigeria, he began his literary career with two books Un long voyage and Oradi noir．

　　He has taught at universities in Bangkok, Mexico City, Boston, Austin and Albuquerque among other places．Since the 1990s, Le Clezio and his wife share their time between Albuquerque in New Mexico, the island of Mauritius and Nice．

　　This was the fourth of the prestigious Nobel Prizes handed out this year, with awards in chemistry, physics and medicine made in the past three days．

　　The Nobel Prizes have been awarded annually since 1901 to those who “conferred(给予)the greatest benefit on mankind during the preceding year．”

　　The annual Nobel Prizes are usually announced in October and are handed out on Dec．10, the anniversary of the 1896 death of Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist and the inventor of dynamite．

　　Each prize consists of a medal, a personal diploma and a cash award of 10 million Swedish kronor(1.4 million U．S．dollars)．

(1)

Which of Le Clezio’s works won him the 2008 Nobel Prize in Literature?
[　　]
A．	The Interrogation
B．	Desert
C．	Un Long voyage
D．	Oradi noir

(2)

The underlined word ‘cited’ means _________．
[　　]
A．	praised
B．	encouraged
C．	referred
D．	thought

(3)

According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
[　　]
A．	Le Clezio has taught in Bangkok, Boston, Albuquerque and Nice since 1990s．
B．	Le Clezio got a personal diploma, a medal in all for the Nobel Prize．
C．	The Nobel Prizes are awarded yearly in October．
D．	Le Clezio moved to Nigeria in 1948．

(4)

Which is the best title for the passage?
[　　]
A．	A French writer wins 2008 Nobel Prize in Literature．
B．	Four Nobel Prizes have been handed out this year．
C．	The Nobel Prizes have been awarded annually．
D．	Life of a French writer－Le Clezio．

(5)

Where can we probably find this article?
[　　]
A．	In a scientific fiction．
B．	In a history book．
C．	In a newspaper．
D．	In a travel leaflet

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A recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude toward science, also suggests a widespread worry that it may be “running out of control”．This idea is dangerous．

Science can be a force for evil as well as for good．Its applications can be channeled either way, depending on our decisions．The decisions we make, personally or collectively, will determine the outcomes of science．But here is a real danger．Science is advancing so fast is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference．And, rather than fighting for the best possible policies, we may step back and do nothing．

Some people go even further．They say that despite the moral and legal objections （反对）, whatever is scientifically possible will be done ——somewhere, sometime．They believe that science will get out of control in the end．This belief is dangerous too, because it a fuels sense of hopelessness and discourages them from making efforts to build a safer world．

In our interconnected world, the lack of agreement in and of the world of science can lead to the failure to control the use of science．Without a common understanding, the challenges of “controlling” science in this century will be really tough．Take human cloning for example．Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact （影响） on traditional moral values, some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques．The outcomes are hard to predict．

Therefore, discussions on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies．Only through the united efforts of people with hope, can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future．

What can we conclude from the recent study?

A．People think highly of science．

B．People hold mixed opinions about science．

C．Science is getting dangerously out of control．

D．Science is used for both good and bad purposes．

According to the passage, what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control?

A．The development of science will hopelessly slow down．

B．Businesses will have even greater influence on science．

C．The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future．

D．People will work more actively to put science under control．

The discussion should reach beyond scientific societies because __________．

A．scientists have failed to predict the outcomes

B．the ties between different areas need strengthening

C．united efforts are necessary for the development of science

D．people need to work together to prevent the bad use of science

What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Science and its applications bring us many dangers．

B．The development of science mostly lies in people’s attitudes．

C．Mankind can largely take control of science with their efforts．

D．The future of science will be influenced by the dangerous ideas．

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篇章结构

阅读下面的文章，请将标有A～F的段落插入文章中标号为(1)～(5)的合适位置，使这篇文章意义完整，结构连贯(其中有一个段落是多余的)．

　　Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the fact of friendship for granted, we often don't clearly understand how we make friends．While we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few－for example, the average among students is about 6 per person．

　　　　(1)　　

　　At the beginning, much depends on how people meet, and on good first impressions．

　　　　(2)　　

　　We pay attention to actual behavior, facial expression, and the way a person speaks．Friends will stand closer together and will spend more time looking at each other than ordinary acquaintances．Smiles and soft voices also express friendliness, and it is because they may give the wrong signals that shy people often have difficulty in making friends．　　(3)　　

　　Some relationships are a result of argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have the same ideas and beliefs and the same opinions and interests－they often talk about“being on the same wavelength”．The more closely involved people become, the more they depend on one another．They want to do friends favors and hate to let them down．　　(4)　　

　　In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the relationship between two people．　　(5)　　

A．Moreover, a great many relationships come under the general term“friendship”．In all cases, two people like each other and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of closeness between them and reasons for their interest in each other vary greatly．

B．Equally, friends have to learn to make allowances for each other, to put up with annoying habits, and to accept differences in opinion．Imagine going on a long trip with some one you occasionally meet for a drink!

C．As we get to know people, we consider things like age, race, looks, economic and social status, and intelligence．Although these factors are not of the greatest importance, it is more difficult to have a good relationship with people when there is a big difference in age and background．

D．The sharing of close secrets, including our fears as well as our dark dreams, is the surest way to deepen friendships．But the process must be gone through slowly and continued only if there are signs of interest and our efforts are answered．

E．A friendly look with the wrong facial expression can turn into an unfriendly stare, and nervousness maybe wrongly understood as unfriendliness．People who do not look one in the eye are not trusted when, in fact, they simply do not have confidence．

F．But the mutual support and understanding that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a close and lasting relationship, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class or race．

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　　In one of the strongest indications of the power of the mind to influence the body, a growing collection of evidence finds that people who are depressed have a greatly higher risk of developing heart disease．

　　In a study of almost 3,000 men an 5,000 women depressed men were 70 percent more likely to develop coronary(心脏的)heart disease than those who weren’t depressed, While depressed women were just 12 percent more likely to develop heart disease, those who were severely depressed were 78 percent more likely, In fact, a 1998 study found that women who are depressed have a risk of dying from heart disease equal to that of women who smoke or who have high blood pressure．

　　The link works the other way around, too：While about 1 in 20 American adults experience major depression in a given year, that number jumps to about one in three among those who have survived a heart attack．

　　The more severe the depression, the more dangerous it is to your health．But some studies suggest that even mild depression, including feelings of hopelessness experienced over many years, may damage the heart．Other studies suggest depression may affect how well heart disease medications work．

　　Researchers aren’t sure what the connection between depression and heart disease is, but theories exist, One is that people who are depressed tend not to take very good care of themselves, They’re more likely to eat high–fat, high-calorie “comfort ”foods, less likely to exercise, and more likely to smoke, But beyond lifestyle, there is probably also a physiological link between depression and heart disease, Recent studies, found that people with severe depression tended to have a lack of heart-healthy O-3 fatty acids, People who are depressed also often have high levels of stress hormones(荷尔蒙)These keep the body primed for fight or flight, raising blood pressure and causing the heart to beat faster, all of which put additional stress on coronary arteries(动脉)and prevent the body’s natural healing mechanisms from working properly．

　　A whole branch of medicine is devoted to the complex links between mental health, the nervous system, the hormone system and so on, This science is gradually soring out how the mind-body connection affects us, or defense against heart disease．

　　Generally, an estimated 10 percent of American adults experience some form of depression every year, Although available treatments can east symptoms(症状)in more than 80 percent of people treated, less than half of those with depression get the help they need．

(1)

Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
[　　]
A．	Depression－Heart Disease Risk Factor
B．	Heart Disease－Health Killer
C．	Depression－Mental Health Enemy
D．	Heart Disease－Depression Factor

(2)

Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
[　　]
A．	With high blood pressure, depression is another potential risk to women’s health．
B．	Depression, which is mild, can possibly cause damage to your health
C．	Most people who experience depression get treated as they should be
D．	Depression may have some influence on the function of heart disease medication

(3)

According to the passage, the possible connections between heart disease and depression are the following EXCEPT ________
[　　]
A．	Depressed ones tend to eat high fat and high–calories food, which leads to physical damage to heart
B．	Severe heart disease may cause people to feel hopeless and depressed
C．	Depression may result in the lack of some kind of acids, which probably affects the working of people’s heart．
D．	People with depression often have a high level of stress hormones, maybe, which will put extra pressure on one’s heart．

(4)

We can infer from the passage that ________
[　　]
A．	More researches will be done to find the certain links between heart disease and depression
B．	The percentage of adults with depression is higher than that of depressed adults with heart disease．
C．	One’s life style has relatively little relationship with one’s mental health．
D．	Those with depression have a higher risk of developing heart disease．

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阅读理解

　　Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the fact of friendship for granted, we often don't clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few-- for example; the average among students is about 6 per person.

　　Moreover, a great many relationships come under the general term “friendship”. In all cases, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of closeness between them and the reasons for their interest in each other vary greatly.

　　At the beginning, much depends on how people meet, and on good first impressions. As we get to know people, we consider things like age, race, looks, economic and social status, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of the greatest importance, it is more difficult to have a good relationship with people when there is a big difference in age and hackground．

　　We pay attention to actual behavior, facial expression, and the way a person speaks. Friends will stand closer together and will spend more time looking at each other than ordinary acquaintances. Smiles and soft voices also express friendliness, and it is because they may give the wrong signals that shy people often have difficulty in making friends. A friendly look with the wrong facial expression can turn into an unfriendly stare, and nervousness may be wrongly understood as unfriendliness. People who do not look one in the eye are not trusted when, in fact, they simply do not have confidence.

　　Some relationships are a result of argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have the same ideas and beliefs, the same opinions and interests. They often talk about “being on the same wavelength”. The more closely involved people become, the more they depend on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to let them down. Equally, friends have to learn to make allowances for each other, to put up with annoying habits, and to accept differences in opinion. Imagine going on a long trip with someone you occasionally meet for a drink!

　　In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the relationship between two people. But the mutual support and understanding that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a close and lasting relationship, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class or race.

(1)According to the passage, a friend is ________.

[　　]

A．somebody we usually take for granted

B．a person with whom we often go out with

C．someone with whom we occasionally go for a long trip

D．not just anybody we get on well with

(2)When people talk about “being on the same wavelength”, they mean that ________.

[　　]

A．they watch the TV programs

B．they are the same in all respects

C．they listen to the same radio programs

D．they understand and agree with each other

(3)According to the passage, a person “one occasionally meets for a drink” is ________.

[　　]

A．not a close friend

B．someone one doesn't often see

C．not a friend

D．a person one dislikes

(4)We learn from the passage that ________.

[　　]

A．friendship can overcome differences in experience

B．there are no special ceremonies to strengthen friendship

C．putting up with differences in opinion can lead to friendship

D．friendship can be strengthened by smiles and soft voices

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