D
“Pay has little to do with motivation in the workplace”．That’s the argument put forward by best-selling author Daniel Pink in his new book, Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us．“Pay for performance is supposed to be a folk tale,” he says．
Daniel argues that, if employees receive a basic level of payment, three other factors matter more than money: a sense of independence, of mastery over one’s labor, and of serving a purpose larger than oneself．For example, in 2008 at the offices of Best Buy’s Richfield, salaried workers there were allowed to organize their own work day, putting in only as many hours as they felt necessary to get their jobs done．Productivity increased by 35% according to The Harvard Business Review．
But the managers at Goldman Sachs aren’t exactly making some efforts to adjust．Like others on Wall Street, the banking giant argues that fat bonuses （extra rewards） are essential to make its numbers．“That’s exactly the attitude that leads to the recent financial crisis in the United States,” responds Daniel, “as managers always focus on short-term rewards that encourage cheating, shortcuts, and dishonest behavior．”
Moreover, the 45-year-old author and former Al Gore speechwriter refers to social-science experiments and experiences at such workplaces as Google and 3M．In one 2005 experiment he describes, economists working for the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston tested the power of incentives （激励） by offering cash rewards to those who did well in games that included reciting a series of numbers and throwing tennis balls at a target．The researchers’ finding: Over and over, higher incentives led to worse performance --- and those given the highest incentives did the poorest job．
From this and other cases, Daniel draws a conclusion that monetary incentives remove the element of play and creativity, transforming “an interesting task into a dull one．” It’s even possible, he adds, for oversized rewards to have dangerous side effects, like those of a drug dependency in which an addicted requires ever larger amounts．He refers to scientific testing that shows the promise of cash rewards increase a chemical in the brain similar to that brought on by cocaine or nicotine．
Daniel, however, is also aware that his company examples --- no GE, no IBM, no Microsoft --- hardly represent the commanding heights of the economy．But he thinks his approach will catch on, even in the biggest companies．“Managers tend to be realistic, and in time they will respond,” he says．
53．In his book, Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us, Daniel Pink is promoting the idea that _____．
A．it is a money-driven society    B．all workers are not driven by money
C．money plays a key role in management  D．pay has nothing to do with workplaces
54．In Daniel’s point of view, many Wall Street managers are _______．
A．dishonest      B．considerate   C．short-sighted       D．ridiculous
55．In paragraph 5, the example of drug-taking is given to show _______．
A．money is as addictive as cocaine or nicotine
B．big rewards bring about dangerous side effect
C．nicotine and money bring the same chemical
D．workers do not need the incentives of money at all
56．We can learn from the last paragraph that _______．
A．Daniel’s approach will be popular in a wider field
B．realistic managers will first consider Daniel’s approach
C．Daniel’s approach meets the demand of economic crisis
D．GE, IBM and Microsoft will join in Daniel’s approach next

D

       “Pay has little to do with motivation in the workplace”．That’s the argument put forward by best-selling author Daniel Pink in his new book, Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us．“Pay for performance is supposed to be a folk tale,” he says．

       Daniel argues that, if employees receive a basic level of payment, three other factors matter more than money: a sense of independence, of mastery over one’s labor, and of serving a purpose larger than oneself．For example, in 2008 at the offices of Best Buy’s Richfield, salaried workers there were allowed to organize their own work day, putting in only as many hours as they felt necessary to get their jobs done．Productivity increased by 35% according to The Harvard Business Review．

       But the managers at Goldman Sachs aren’t exactly making some efforts to adjust．Like others on Wall Street, the banking giant argues that fat bonuses （extra rewards） are essential to make its numbers．“That’s exactly the attitude that leads to the recent financial crisis in the United States,” responds Daniel, “as managers always focus on short-term rewards that encourage cheating, shortcuts, and dishonest behavior．”

       Moreover, the 45-year-old author and former Al Gore speechwriter refers to social-science experiments and experiences at such workplaces as Google and 3M．In one 2005 experiment he describes, economists working for the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston tested the power of incentives （激励） by offering cash rewards to those who did well in games that included reciting a series of numbers and throwing tennis balls at a target．The researchers’ finding: Over and over, higher incentives led to worse performance --- and those given the highest incentives did the poorest job．

       From this and other cases, Daniel draws a conclusion that monetary incentives remove the element of play and creativity, transforming “an interesting task into a dull one．” It’s even possible, he adds, for oversized rewards to have dangerous side effects, like those of a drug dependency in which an addicted requires ever larger amounts．He refers to scientific testing that shows the promise of cash rewards increase a chemical in the brain similar to that brought on by cocaine or nicotine．

       Daniel, however, is also aware that his company examples --- no GE, no IBM, no Microsoft --- hardly represent the commanding heights of the economy．But he thinks his approach will catch on, even in the biggest companies．“Managers tend to be realistic, and in time they will respond,” he says．

53．In his book, Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us, Daniel Pink is promoting the idea that _____．

       A．it is a money-driven society    B．all workers are not driven by money

       C．money plays a key role in management  D．pay has nothing to do with workplaces

54．In Daniel’s point of view, many Wall Street managers are _______．

      A．dishonest       B．considerate   C．short-sighted        D．ridiculous

55．In paragraph 5, the example of drug-taking is given to show _______．

       A．money is as addictive as cocaine or nicotine

      B．big rewards bring about dangerous side effect

      C．nicotine and money bring the same chemical

      D．workers do not need the incentives of money at all

56．We can learn from the last paragraph that _______．

      A．Daniel’s approach will be popular in a wider field

      B．realistic managers will first consider Daniel’s approach

      C．Daniel’s approach meets the demand of economic crisis

      D．GE, IBM and Microsoft will join in Daniel’s approach next

二．完形填空：
Why did I come today? I wondered. My Christmas   16   contained several people that claimed they wanted nothing but I knew their feelings would be hurt   17   I didn’t buy them anything, so gift buying was   18   but fun.
Hurriedly, I finished shopping and   19   the long checkout lines. In front of me were a boy of about 5 and a younger girl. She carried a beautiful pair of    20   slippers. When we finally   21   the checkout register, the girl   22   placed the shoes on the counter. She treated them as though they were a   23  .
“That will be $ 6.09,” the cashier said. The boy   24   his pockets. He finally came up with $ 3.12. “I guess we will have to put them back,” he   25   said. “We will come back some other time, maybe tomorrow.” With that statement, a soft   26   broke from the little girl. “But Jesus would have loved these shoes,” she cried.
“Well, we’ll go home and work some more. Don’t cry. We’ll surely   27  ,” he said. Quickly I handed $ 3.00 to the cashier. These children had waited in line for a long time. And,   28  , it was Christmas. Suddenly a pair of arms came around me and a small voice   29   said, “Thank you, lady.” “What did you   30   when you said Jesus would like the shoes?” I asked. The boy answered, “Our mommy is sick and going to   31  . Daddy said she might go before Christmas to be with Jesus.” The girl spoke, “My Sunday school teacher said the streets in heaven are shiny gold, just like these shoes. Won’t mommy be   32   walking on those streets in these shoes?”
My eyes   33   as I looked into her tear-streaked face. “Yes,” I answered, “I am   34   she will.” Silently I thanked God for using these children to   35   me of the true spirit of giving.
16. A. plan                B. list                    C. goods                D. purchases
17. A. if                       B. because             C. unless               D. since
18. A. something           B. nothing             C. anything            D. everything
19. A. waited                B. joined               C. attended            D. gathered
20. A. cotton                 B. leather                     C. gold                  D. silver
21. A. approached         B. passed               C. checked             D. found
22. A. immediately        B. hesitantly          C. shyly               D. carefully
23. A. gift                    B. treasure             C. life                   D. prize
24. A. opened               B. touched             C. tore                  D. searched
25. A. bravely               B. uncertainly        C. slowly               D. doubtfully
26. A. tear                    B. sob                   C. smile                D. sigh
27. A. leave                  B. come                C. return               D. arrive
28. A. above all             B. at last                C. at least                     D. after all
29. A. gratefully            B. sweetly             C. gracefully          D. kindly
30. A. request               B. expect               C. mean         D. attempt
31. A. hospital                     B. tomb                 C. heaven                     D. sky
32. A. equal                  B. comfortable              C. convenient         D. beautiful
33. A. pained                B. flooded             C. shut                  D. froze
34. A. sure                    B. afraid                C. glad                  D. confident
35. A. inform                B. warn                 C. cure                  D. remind

二．完形填空：

Why did I come today? I wondered. My Christmas   16   contained several people that claimed they wanted nothing but I knew their feelings would be hurt   17   I didn’t buy them anything, so gift buying was   18   but fun.

Hurriedly, I finished shopping and   19   the long checkout lines. In front of me were a boy of about 5 and a younger girl. She carried a beautiful pair of    20   slippers. When we finally   21   the checkout register, the girl   22   placed the shoes on the counter. She treated them as though they were a   23  .

“That will be $ 6.09,” the cashier said. The boy   24   his pockets. He finally came up with $ 3.12. “I guess we will have to put them back,” he   25   said. “We will come back some other time, maybe tomorrow.” With that statement, a soft   26   broke from the little girl. “But Jesus would have loved these shoes,” she cried.

“Well, we’ll go home and work some more. Don’t cry. We’ll surely   27  ,” he said. Quickly I handed $ 3.00 to the cashier. These children had waited in line for a long time. And,   28  , it was Christmas. Suddenly a pair of arms came around me and a small voice   29   said, “Thank you, lady.” “What did you   30   when you said Jesus would like the shoes?” I asked. The boy answered, “Our mommy is sick and going to   31  . Daddy said she might go before Christmas to be with Jesus.” The girl spoke, “My Sunday school teacher said the streets in heaven are shiny gold, just like these shoes. Won’t mommy be   32   walking on those streets in these shoes?”

My eyes   33   as I looked into her tear-streaked face. “Yes,” I answered, “I am   34   she will.” Silently I thanked God for using these children to   35   me of the true spirit of giving.

16. A. plan                B. list                    C. goods                D. purchases

17. A. if                       B. because             C. unless               D. since

18. A. something           B. nothing             C. anything            D. everything

19. A. waited                B. joined               C. attended            D. gathered

20. A. cotton                 B. leather                     C. gold                  D. silver

21. A. approached         B. passed               C. checked             D. found

22. A. immediately        B. hesitantly          C. shyly               D. carefully

23. A. gift                    B. treasure             C. life                   D. prize

24. A. opened               B. touched             C. tore                  D. searched

25. A. bravely               B. uncertainly        C. slowly               D. doubtfully

26. A. tear                    B. sob                   C. smile                D. sigh

27. A. leave                  B. come                C. return               D. arrive

28. A. above all             B. at last                C. at least                     D. after all

29. A. gratefully            B. sweetly             C. gracefully          D. kindly

30. A. request               B. expect               C. mean         D. attempt

31. A. hospital                     B. tomb                 C. heaven                     D. sky

32. A. equal                  B. comfortable              C. convenient         D. beautiful

33. A. pained                B. flooded             C. shut                  D. froze

34. A. sure                    B. afraid                C. glad                  D. confident

35. A. inform                B. warn                 C. cure                  D. remind

二．完形填空：

Why did I come today? I wondered. My Christmas   16   contained several people that claimed they wanted nothing but I knew their feelings would be hurt   17   I didn’t buy them anything, so gift buying was   18   but fun.

Hurriedly, I finished shopping and   19   the long checkout lines. In front of me were a boy of about 5 and a younger girl. She carried a beautiful pair of    20   slippers. When we finally   21   the checkout register, the girl   22   placed the shoes on the counter. She treated them as though they were a   23  .

 “That will be $ 6.09,” the cashier said. The boy   24   his pockets. He finally came up with $ 3.12. “I guess we will have to put them back,” he   25   said. “We will come back some other time, maybe tomorrow.” With that statement, a soft   26   broke from the little girl. “But Jesus would have loved these shoes,” she cried.

“Well, we’ll go home and work some more. Don’t cry. We’ll surely   27  ,” he said. Quickly I handed $ 3.00 to the cashier. These children had waited in line for a long time. And,   28  , it was Christmas. Suddenly a pair of arms came around me and a small voice   29   said, “Thank you, lady.” “What did you   30   when you said Jesus would like the shoes?” I asked. The boy answered, “Our mommy is sick and going to   31  . Daddy said she might go before Christmas to be with Jesus.” The girl spoke, “My Sunday school teacher said the streets in heaven are shiny gold, just like these shoes. Won’t mommy be   32   walking on those streets in these shoes?”

My eyes   33   as I looked into her tear-streaked face. “Yes,” I answered, “I am   34   she will.” Silently I thanked God for using these children to   35   me of the true spirit of giving.

16. A. plan                 B. list                    C. goods                D. purchases

17. A. if                       B. because             C. unless               D. since

18. A. something           B. nothing             C. anything            D. everything

19. A. waited                B. joined               C. attended            D. gathered

20. A. cotton                 B. leather                     C. gold                  D. silver

21. A. approached         B. passed               C. checked             D. found

22. A. immediately        B. hesitantly          C. shyly                D. carefully

23. A. gift                    B. treasure             C. life                   D. prize

24. A. opened               B. touched             C. tore                  D. searched

25. A. bravely               B. uncertainly        C. slowly               D. doubtfully

26. A. tear                    B. sob                   C. smile                D. sigh

27. A. leave                  B. come                C. return               D. arrive

28. A. above all             B. at last                C. at least                     D. after all

29. A. gratefully            B. sweetly             C. gracefully          D. kindly

30. A. request               B. expect               C. mean          D. attempt

31. A. hospital                     B. tomb                 C. heaven                     D. sky

32. A. equal                  B. comfortable              C. convenient         D. beautiful

33. A. pained                B. flooded             C. shut                  D. froze

34. A. sure                    B. afraid                C. glad                  D. confident

35. A. inform                B. warn                 C. cure                  D. remind