题目内容

D

       “Pay has little to do with motivation in the workplace”.That’s the argument put forward by best-selling author Daniel Pink in his new book, Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us.“Pay for performance is supposed to be a folk tale,” he says.

       Daniel argues that, if employees receive a basic level of payment, three other factors matter more than money: a sense of independence, of mastery over one’s labor, and of serving a purpose larger than oneself.For example, in 2008 at the offices of Best Buy’s Richfield, salaried workers there were allowed to organize their own work day, putting in only as many hours as they felt necessary to get their jobs done.Productivity increased by 35% according to The Harvard Business Review.

       But the managers at Goldman Sachs aren’t exactly making some efforts to adjust.Like others on Wall Street, the banking giant argues that fat bonuses (extra rewards) are essential to make its numbers.“That’s exactly the attitude that leads to the recent financial crisis in the United States,” responds Daniel, “as managers always focus on short-term rewards that encourage cheating, shortcuts, and dishonest behavior.”

       Moreover, the 45-year-old author and former Al Gore speechwriter refers to social-science experiments and experiences at such workplaces as Google and 3M.In one 2005 experiment he describes, economists working for the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston tested the power of incentives (激励) by offering cash rewards to those who did well in games that included reciting a series of numbers and throwing tennis balls at a target.The researchers’ finding: Over and over, higher incentives led to worse performance --- and those given the highest incentives did the poorest job.

       From this and other cases, Daniel draws a conclusion that monetary incentives remove the element of play and creativity, transforming “an interesting task into a dull one.” It’s even possible, he adds, for oversized rewards to have dangerous side effects, like those of a drug dependency in which an addicted requires ever larger amounts.He refers to scientific testing that shows the promise of cash rewards increase a chemical in the brain similar to that brought on by cocaine or nicotine.

       Daniel, however, is also aware that his company examples --- no GE, no IBM, no Microsoft --- hardly represent the commanding heights of the economy.But he thinks his approach will catch on, even in the biggest companies.“Managers tend to be realistic, and in time they will respond,” he says.

53.In his book, Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us, Daniel Pink is promoting the idea that _____.

       A.it is a money-driven society    B.all workers are not driven by money

       C.money plays a key role in management  D.pay has nothing to do with workplaces

54.In Daniel’s point of view, many Wall Street managers are _______.

      A.dishonest       B.considerate   C.short-sighted        D.ridiculous

55.In paragraph 5, the example of drug-taking is given to show _______.

       A.money is as addictive as cocaine or nicotine

      B.big rewards bring about dangerous side effect

      C.nicotine and money bring the same chemical

      D.workers do not need the incentives of money at all

56.We can learn from the last paragraph that _______.

      A.Daniel’s approach will be popular in a wider field

      B.realistic managers will first consider Daniel’s approach

      C.Daniel’s approach meets the demand of economic crisis

      D.GE, IBM and Microsoft will join in Daniel’s approach next

 53---56 BCBA  

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I graduated from a small public school in Michigan. One day,Mr. Ledy,our football coach,asked me to play football. I couldn’t help  36  :me,play football? I was six feet tall and was not much __37__ a hundred pounds in weight. I thought that they might just need  38    fool to increase the number of the players. However,he was persistent(坚持的) and __39__I joined the football team. That           40  to be one of my best decisions as a kid.

Our worst game  __41__ was the one against Crystal Falls. They beat us 56 to 6. Yeah! That was a football not a basketball _42__. We played them again when we were seniors. They __43__ us again but the score was much more _44_,30 to 20.

Coach Ledy would not let that __45__ again. He encouraged us to beat them,to pay them back. And we did so in the last game we played before __46__. I had scored 6 points alone in the game. Coach Ledy praised me. It was a huge _47 for me.

Was I a football hero? Ha! Ha! No,I couldn’t __48__ it without our team. The thing I learned through football was __49__. We won as a team and we __50__ as a team.

I think Mr. Ledy would be __51__ of me if he knew that I had broken the athletic __52__ at the University of Michigan. I’m __53__to him as I would not have today’s honor without him. I’ll __54__life’s final war with pain to win the victory;I’ll seek the lights of glory wholeheartedly and I’ll __55__ working hard so as not to let him down.

21.A. shouting     B. screaming  C. laughing    D. applauding

22.A. up              B. over          C. more          D. out

23.A. another          B. other          C. some          D. any

24.A. immediately       B. secretly        C. personally D. finally

25.A. took out     B. turned out C. gave off       D. gave out

26.A. never      B. once     C. ever           D. again

27.A. game      B. team       C. story     D. score

28.A. won            B. met           C. beat     D. fought

29.A. accessible   B. comfortableC. sensitive     D. acceptable

30.A. happen              B. succeed        C. spread        D. develop

31.A. liberation    B. closing         C. graduation      D. school

32.A. honor      B. hope         C. success  D. surprise

33.A. take         B. manage        C. solve             D. explain

34.A. courage      B. devotion       C. teamwork      D. contribution

35.A. united     B. appeared       C. prepared D. lost

36.A. proud      B. fond          C. full      D. kind

37.A. time        B. record   C. date     D. ability

38.A. pleased       B. grateful        C. hopeful   D. loyal

39.A. fight          B. join           C. desire            D. enjoy

40.A. take on       B. put on   C. rely on    D. keep on

I graduated from a small public school in Michigan. One day,Mr. Ledy,our football coach,asked me to play football. I couldn’t help  36  :me,play football? I was six feet tall and was not much __37__ a hundred pounds in weight. I thought that they might just need  38    fool to increase the number of the players. However,he was persistent(坚持的) and __39__I joined the football team. That           40  to be one of my best decisions as a kid.

Our worst game  __41__ was the one against Crystal Falls. They beat us 56 to 6. Yeah! That was a football not a basketball _42__. We played them again when we were seniors. They __43__ us again but the score was much more _44_,30 to 20.

Coach Ledy would not let that __45__ again. He encouraged us to beat them,to pay them back. And we did so in the last game we played before __46__. I had scored 6 points alone in the game. Coach Ledy praised me. It was a huge _47 for me.

Was I a football hero? Ha! Ha! No,I couldn’t __48__ it without our team. The thing I learned through football was __49__. We won as a team and we __50__ as a team.

I think Mr. Ledy would be __51__ of me if he knew that I had broken the athletic __52__ at the University of Michigan. I’m __53__to him as I would not have today’s honor without him. I’ll __54__life’s final war with pain to win the victory;I’ll seek the lights of glory wholeheartedly and I’ll __55__ working hard so as not to let him down.

1.A. shouting     B. screaming  C. laughing D. applauding

2.A. up              B. over               C. more      D. out

3.A. another          B. other              C. some     D. any

4.A. immediately       B. secretly           C. personally D. finally

5.A. took out     B. turned out C. gave off   D. gave out

6.A. never             B. once        C. ever      D. again

7.A. game     B. team       C. story           D. score

8.A. won           B. met       C. beat        D. fought

9.A. accessible  B. comfortableC. sensitive          D. acceptable

10.A. happen             B. succeed           C. spread           D. develop

11.A. liberation          B. closing    C. graduation          D. school

12.A. honor           B. hope            C. success       D. surprise

13.A. take        B. manage            C. solve          D. explain

14.A. courage   B. devotion          C. teamwork  D. contribution

15.A. united          B. appeared          C. prepared   D. lost

16.A. proud           B. fond             C. full          D. kind

17.A. time              B. record     C. date      D. ability

18.A. pleased    B. grateful            C. hopeful      D. loyal

19.A. fight                   B. join              C. desire                   D. enjoy

20.A. take on    B. put on     C. rely on       D. keep on

 

     I graduated from a small public school in Michigan. One day, Mr. Ledy, our football coach, asked me to play football. I couldn't help__1__: me, play football? I was six feet tall and was not much__2__a hundred pounds in weight. I thought that they might just need__3__fool to increase the number of the players.
However, he was persistent(坚持的) and__4__I joined the football team. That__5__to be one of my best decisions as a kid.
     Our worst game__6__was the one against Crystal Falls. They beat us 56 to 6. Yeah! That was a football not a basketball__7__. We played them again when we were seniors. They__8__us again but the score
was much more__9__, 30 to 20.
     Coach Ledy would not let that __10__again. He encouraged us to beat them, to pay them back. And
we did so in the last game we played before__11__. I had scored 6 points alone in the game. Coach Ledy praised me. It was a huge__12__for me.
     Was I a football hero?  Ha! Ha! No, I couldn't__13__it without our team. The thing I learned through
football was__14__. We won as a team and we__15__as a team.
     I think Mr. Ledy would be__16__of me if he knew that I had broken the athletic__17__at the University of Michigan. I'm__18__to him as I would not have today’s honor without him. I'll __19__life's final war with pain to win the victory; I'll seek the lights of glory wholeheartedly and I'll__20__working hard so as not to
let him down.

(     )1. A. shouting 
(     )2. A. up  
(     )3. A. another  
(     )4. A. immediately
(     )5. A. took out  
(     )6. A. never  
(     )7. A. game  
(     )8. A. won  
(     )9. A. accessible
(     )10. A. happen  
(     )11. A. liberation
(     )12. A. honor  
(     )13. A. take  
(     )14. A. courage  
(     )15. A. united  
(     )16. A. proud  
(     )17. A. time  
(     )18. A. pleased  
(     )19. A. fight  
(     )20. A. take on 

 

B. screaming
B. over      
B. other    
B. secretly  
B. turned out
B. once      
B. team      
B. met      
B. comfortabl
B. succeed  
B. closing  
B. hope      
B. manage    
B. devotion  
B. appeared  
B. fond      
B. record    
B. grateful  
B. join      
B. put on    

 

C. laughing  
C. more  
C. some  
C. personally  
C. gave off  
C. ever  
C. story  
C. beat        
C. sensitive  
C. spread  
C. graduation  
C. success  
C. solve  
C. teamwork  
C. prepared  
C. full  
C. date  
C. hopeful  
C. desire  
C. rely on  

D. applauding  
D. out        
D. any        
D. finally    
D. gave out    
D. again      
D. score      
D. fought      
D. acceptable  
D. develop    
D. school      
D. surprise    
D. explain    
D. contribution
D. lost        
D. kind        
D. ability    
D. loyal      
D. enjoy      
D. keep on    

I graduated from a small public school in Michigan. One day,Mr. Ledy,our football coach,asked me to play football. I couldn’t help  36  :me,play football? I was six feet tall and was not much __37__ a hundred pounds in weight. I thought that they might just need  38    fool to increase the number of the players. However,he was persistent(坚持的) and __39__I joined the football team. That           40  to be one of my best decisions as a kid.

Our worst game  __41__ was the one against Crystal Falls. They beat us 56 to 6. Yeah! That was a football not a basketball _42__. We played them again when we were seniors. They __43__ us again but the score was much more _44_,30 to 20.

Coach Ledy would not let that __45__ again. He encouraged us to beat them,to pay them back. And we did so in the last game we played before __46__. I had scored 6 points alone in the game. Coach Ledy praised me. It was a huge _47 for me.

Was I a football hero? Ha! Ha! No,I couldn’t __48__ it without our team. The thing I learned through football was __49__. We won as a team and we __50__ as a team.

I think Mr. Ledy would be __51__ of me if he knew that I had broken the athletic __52__ at the University of Michigan. I’m __53__to him as I would not have today’s honor without him. I’ll __54__life’s final war with pain to win the victory;I’ll seek the lights of glory wholeheartedly and I’ll __55__ working hard so as not to let him down.

36. A. shouting

B. screaming

C. laughing

D. applauding

37. A. up

B. over

C. more

D. out

38. A. another

B. other

C. some

D. any

39. A. immediately

B. secretly

C. personally   

D. finally

40. A. took out

B. turned out

C. gave off

D. gave out

41. A. never

B. once

C. ever

D. again

42. A. game             

B. team

C. story

D. score

43. A. won

B. met

C. beat

D. fought

44. A. accessible  

B. comfortable

C. sensitive   

D. acceptable

45. A. happen     

B. succeed   

C. spread

D. develop

46. A. liberation   

B. closing     

C. graduation

D. school

47. A. honor

B. hope

C. success

D. surprise

48. A. take   

B. manage    

C. solve 

D. explain

49. A. courage

B. devotion

C. teamwork

D. contribution

50. A. united

B. appeared

C. prepared  

D. lost

51. A. proud

B. fond

C. full

D. kind

52. A. time

B. record

C. date

D. ability

53. A. pleased     

B. grateful

C. hopeful

D. loyal

54. A. fight   

B. join

C. desire      

D. enjoy

55. A. take on

B. put on

C. rely on

D. keep on

An unemployed man is desperate to support his family. His wife watches TV all day and his three teenage kids have dropped out of high school to hang around with the local toughs. He applies for a cleaner’s job at a large firm and easily passes an aptitude test. The human resources manager tells him, “You will be hired at minimum wage, $5.15 an hour. Let me have your e-mail address so that we can contact you easily. Our system will automatically e-mail you all the forms and advise you when to start and where to report on your first day.” Greatly surprised, the man protests that he has neither a computer nor an e-mail address. To this, the manager replies, “You must understand that to a company like ours that means you virtually do not exist. Without an e-mail address you can hardly expect to be employed by a high tech firm. Good day.”

Unable to believe what he heard, the man leaves. Not knowing where to turn and having $10 in his wallet, he walks past a farmers’ market and sees a stand selling beautiful tomatoes. He buys a crate (柳条箱), carries it to a busy corner and displays the tomatoes. In less than two hours he sells all the tomatoes and makes 100% profit. From that day on, he repeats the tomato business and becomes increasingly successful as time goes on. By the end of the fifth year he owns a fleet of nice trucks and a warehouse. The tomato company has put hundreds of homeless and jobless people to work and the business grossed a million dollars.

Planning for the future, he decides to buy some life insurance. The insurance adviser asks him for his e-mail address in order to send the final documents electronically. When the man replies that he doesn’t have time to mess with a computer and has no e-mail address, the insurance salesman is surprised, “ No computer? No Internet? Just think where you would be if you’d had all of that five years ago!” “Ha! If I’d had all of that five years ago, I would be sweeping floors at Microsoft and making $5.15 an hour!” the man replies.

 

41. The man’s kids drop out of school because ______.

   A. they want to hang around with the local toughs

   B. their mother watches TV all day

   C. their father is only a cleaner

   D. their family is very poor

42. The man applies for a cleaner’s job ______.

   A. but he can’t accept it because the pay is too low

   B. and he gets it though the pay is only $5.15 an hour

   C. but he was turned down because he doesn’t have an e-mail address

   D. but he misses the chance because they fail to contact him

43. The man’s tomatoes sell well because ______.

   A. the tomatoes look very beautiful

   B. he has chosen the right place to sell them

   C. many jobless people help him

   D. the tomatoes are contained in beautiful crates

44. From the conversation between the man and the insurance salesman in the last paragraph we can infer that ______.

   A. the man will buy a computer soon

   B. it’s very easy to do tomato business

   C. one does not necessarily have an e-mail address to be successful

   D. the man is not able to buy any life insurance without an e-mail address

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