What would you do if you were lost in the dark forest at night? The first sensible lesson is that you shouldn’t bother trying to find your way in the dark at all, but just stay where you are until dawn. Because then you won’t trip over things? No, mainly because you’ll have an idea of direction. The sun rises in the east. But you will be amazed at how many people forget they know that. Apparently, the area underneath a holly bush provides a good makeshift shelter — they are thick, and evergreen. The next thing to do — or rather not to do — is panic, for the obvious reason that unless there is someone there to hear you scream, it will get you nowhere. Just try to think of nice, happy things.

There is always a point in films when a person who is lost in the desert or the snow, dehydrated (脱水的) and exhausted, comes across a set of their own footprints and realizes they have just walked in a huge, round circle. It is wrong to owe it to the unequal strengths or different lengths of your legs. Experiments prove that, without the sun or the moon (or landmarks) as a fixed guide, lots of small errors add up over time so the brain can’t correctly identify the “straight ahead” direction. To just get out of somewhere, pick a spot on the horizon and just head for it.

There are several ways to find directions in the dark, and by far the best is to establish north using the stars. Most people can identify the Plough, which is part of Ursa Major. It looks a lot like a saucepan. The Plough rotates（旋转）through the sky, but let’s imagine the saucepan lying horizontally (水平地), with its handle on the left. You need to trace a line from the star at the right-hand base of the pan, through the star at the right-hand rim (边沿), and follow it upwards; the north star is roughly five times the distance between those two “pointer” stars. Then drop a vertical line from the North Star to the horizon and that’s north.

“Tonight is very cloudy and I can’t see the Plough.” Maybe luckily, it is quite windy. Keep in mind that almost all of our weather comes from a south-westerly direction. (This only works if you are in the British Isles). To find the direction, you can throw light bits of dried-out grass in the air and see which way they blow; or, if there are clouds and patches of clear sky, see which way they blow across the stars. You can also get an idea of direction from leggy plants. If they look as if they have been blown over, they will probably be pointing north-east. If they are simply leaning in one direction as they grow, there’s a good chance that is south (they will be reaching towards the sun). The last thing to do is to judge your direction and off you go.

What might be the best title of the passage?

A. How to survive in the forest

B. How to protect yourself in the forest

C. How to direct your way out of the wild

D. What to do if you are lost

Which of the following pictures matches the description of the position of the north star?

Why will people often walk in a circle if they are lost in the desert or the snow?

A. Because without anything to refer to for directions, the brain will be confused by errors.

B. Because one of the legs is longer and stronger than the other.

C. Because the desert or the snow usually covers a large area for people to get across.

D. Because people usually feel dehydrated and exhausted in the desert or the snow.

If you were lost in Taklimakan Desert in China, _________ would NOT be dependable for you to identify the directions.

A. the sun           B. the North Star        C. wind         D. the moon

文中有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:  1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Johnny,
Thank you for speaking to our class last Thursday. We’ve all learned a lot about how you make your weather forecasts. After your left, we made a list what we had learned. Then we set up the small weather station outside your classroom. From tomorrow on, one student in the class will be the weather forecaster every day. He or she record data in our weather book. In a few month, we will start drawing graphs and charts what show our weather patterns here in Nebraska. Which you can see, your visit has been given us a lot of ideas. Thank you so much for opening our eyes to this interested subject.
Yours,
Jack

文中有10处语言错误,  每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,  并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:  1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,  多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Johnny,

Thank you for speaking to our class last Thursday. We’ve all learned a lot about how you make your weather forecasts. After your left, we made a list what we had learned. Then we set up the small weather station outside your classroom. From tomorrow on, one student in the class will be the weather forecaster every day. He or she record data in our weather book. In a few month, we will start drawing graphs and charts what show our weather patterns here in Nebraska. Which you can see, your visit has been given us a lot of ideas. Thank you so much for opening our eyes to this interested subject.

                                                                 Yours,

                                                                   Jack

文中有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:  1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Johnny,

Thank you for speaking to our class last Thursday. We’ve all learned a lot about how you make your weather forecasts. After your left, we made a list what we had learned. Then we set up the small weather station outside your classroom. From tomorrow on, one student in the class will be the weather forecaster every day. He or she record data in our weather book. In a few month, we will start drawing graphs and charts what show our weather patterns here in Nebraska. Which you can see, your visit has been given us a lot of ideas. Thank you so much for opening our eyes to this interested subject.

Yours,

Jack

第二节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：
如无错误，该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；
如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
Dear Johnny,
Thank you for speaking to our class last Thursday.
We’ve all learned a lot about how you make your weather                             76.________
forecast. After you left, we made a list what we had                               77. ________
learned. Then we set up the small weather station outside                        78. ________
your classroom. From tomorrow on, one student in the class                   79. ________
will be the weather forecaster every day. He and she will                      80. ________
record data in our weather book. During a few months,                          81. ________
we will start drawing graphs and charts what show our                           82. ________
weather patterns here in Nebraska. Which you can see,                           83. ________
your visit has been given us a lot of ideas. Thank you so                              84. ________
much for opening our eyes to this interested subject.                              85. ________