C
All parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for an independent life, but any parent can tell you that it’s hard to let go of your children. That balance between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be heartbreaking. Years of experience means that parents often do know best, but on the other hand the young, being less bound by tradition, are often more creative, more able to find new solutions to old problems. Revolutions are led by the young.
Good teachers make the growth of critical thinking (批判性思维) easier in their students, only to find that this lead to a questioning of the teachers’ basic beliefs. Schools encourage parents to become involved, but are often embarrassed when parents have doubts about some of the educational methods being used. Governments encourage unimportant groups to empower themselves in order to participate fully in the development process. And they are often surprised when the new leaders of these groups turn around and attack the policies or decisions of that same government. However, the rebellious (叛逆的) young and the newly unimportant groups are important in social development. They are not necessarily representatives of those they want to represent in their demands, but their voices must be heard.
Good parents know that just forbidding (禁止) particular behaviors does not prevent their children from finding ways to engage in these forbidden activities. Indeed, sometimes the forbidden fruit is more inviting, just because it is not accepted by authority. Parents must work with their children to educate them on the facts, know as much as possible about the lives of their children, provide a good example, encourage more wholesome activities but also support their children when they don’t follow what is expected of them. But the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go.
【小题1】By saying “Revolutions are led by the young.”, the author indicates that young people are more _______.

完形填空 （ 共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分 ）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后在各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I was recently invited to lecture on anxiety to several hundred mental-health professionals. My talk was scheduled to ____21__those of a number of famous psychiatrists. When my turn came, I was especially ___22__ because the speaker before me had been particularly impressive and charming. As I approached the podium(讲台)， my heart pounded and my mouth went completely ___23__.

What am I doing here? I asked myself. To make matters worse, my presentation partly __24___ with fear of public speaking. To ___25__ myself, I tried an unusual way. I asked the audience,” How many of you feel nervous__26___ you give a speech. Nearly every hand __27__. “Well, that’s exactly _28__ I feel right now!”

The audience___29__ with laughter. I relaxed and was able to get on with my __30__.

__31__, we all find ourselves in a __32___ that makes us nervous. Perhaps you’re afraid of saying __33___things at a drinking party, stumbling over a presentation at work or having your __34__go blank during a test. For some of us the anxiety is so __35__ that it is personally and professionally incapability.___36__ the years, my work with hundreds of patients has taught me that __37__ can increase his or her social ___38___, even in the most stressful situations. And I have a few simple but helpful___39__, such as tackling your fears one step at a time; focusing on others; ___40__anxity into energy and stopping comparing yourself, which I think are of great value to us in our work.

A. take           B. follow          C. observe     D. learn

A. worried     B. eager        C. nervous     D. anxious

A. sweet      B. wet          C. bad          D. dry

A. dealt     B. went         C. stayed           D. left

A. comfort   B. calm         C. enjoy        D. delight

A. during      B. while           C. before           D. when

A. went up     B. raised           C. lifted           D. brought up

A. what       B. how          C. when            D. why

A. shouted        B. cried            C. responded     D. answered

A. job       B. idea        C. speech       D. nervousness

A. At times       B. At any time      C. All the time    D. At one time

A. state          B. condition       C. situation    D. position

A. foolish   B. wonderful       C. believable     D. false

A. head      B. mind         C. heart            D. brain

A. important    B. valuable       C. difficult        D. strong

A. For           B. Through      C. During      D. Over

A. anyone    B. someone     C. none         D. no one

A. position        B. experience       C. knowledge      D. confidence

A. tips           B. ideas         C. means        D. abilities

A. putting       B. turning       C. forcing         D. getting

A dense wave of smog began in the Chinese city of Harbin and the surrounding Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning Provinces on 20 October 2013. Unseasonably warm temperatures with very little wind across northeastern China coincided with the smoke from local farmers’ burning straws and the start-up of Harbin’s coal-powered central heating system.

Record densities of fine particulates(微粒)were measured in the city. In Harbin, the levels of PM2.5 (particulate matter) rise to 1,000 micrograms per cubic meter, worse than Beijing’s historic highs. Visibility was reduced to below 50m in parts of Harbin, and below 500m in most of the neighbouring Jilin Province. On Fa Yuen Street in Harbin, visibility of less than 5m was reported. The smog reduced after October 23, 2013 and completely broke up on October 28, 2013 by the first local snow and icy rain due to a cold front moving in from Russia.

Harbin lies in the north of China where winter temperatures can drop to -40℃, demanding a six-month heating season. Daily particulate levels of more than 40 times the World Health Organization recommended maximum level were reported in parts of Harbin. The smog remained till 23 October, when almost all monitoring stations in Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning Provinces reported readings above 200μg/m³forPM2.5. PM2.5 is the amount of particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter in the air, with the WHO recommending a maximum 24-hour mean (平均值) of 25 micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m³). On the morning of 25 October, PM2.5 measurements in Harbin had fallen to an average of 123μg/m³.

All highways in the surrounding Heilongjiang Province were closed. In Harbin, all primary and middle schools were closed for three days and authorities stopped flights at the airports. Hospitals reported a 23 percent increase in admissions for breathing problems. However, this smog will have no influence on Harbin Ice Festival events later in December 2013.

Air pollution in Chinese cities is of increasing concern to China’s leadership. Particulates in the air can affect human health and also have influences on climate and rainfall. Pollution from the burning of coal has reduced life expectancy by 5.5 years in the north of China, as a result of heart and lung diseases.

1.One cause of the heavy smog in the northeastern Chinese cities may be _____.

A. the lasting cold weather                         

B. farmers’ burning of forests

C. too much strong wind                              

D. the start-up of heating system

2.One serious influence of the heavy smog was that_____.

A. Harbin Ice Festival would be cancelled    

B. highways in Heilongjiang were free of charge

C. all flights at the airport were cancelled    

D. doctors in hospitals were kept from working

3.The harmful smog was most serious on ______.

A. October 20      B. October 23    C. October 25     D. October 28

4.What measure might be practical to reduce the happening of heavy smog?

A. Forbidding people to own their private cars.    

B. Advocating people having one meal a day.

C. Using natural gas to cook instead of coal.      

D. Encouraging family’s coal-fired heating.

—— Is the bus stop far from here?

—— It’s a quarter’s walk, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.

A. more and more     B. and so on  C. all together     D. more or less

.The soldiers had worked for a long time.They ___ become tired and hungry, but ___ of them would stop to take a rest.

        A.all…neither    B.both…none   C.all…none   D.both…neither