摘要: You were (not) supposed to... 你本(不)应该--. Jim, you were supposed to call three hours ago! 吉姆.你应该在三个小时以前打电话过来的!

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第二节   完形填空 (共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从第30至第40小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Dear Sarah,

You have every right to feel betrayed by your friend if she did tell your secrets to others, but it seems  31  that she did. You say that you are best  32 ; well, best friends talk about their  33  and try to  34  them. If she is a good friend, you should apologize for blaming her.

 35  you still have doubts, you should think about why you don’t believe her. Was it because you were ashamed of your mark  36  your behavior? Did you feel jealous of your friend’s  37 ? If so, the problem  38  with you, not her. Try not to sound too proud of  39  when discussing your marks in front of others.

However, if you feel that she is very  40  at keeping secrets and likes to embarrass you in public, you had better find a new friend.

31. A. important         B. unlikely                      C. necessary                D. unfair

32. A. students              B. players                       C. friends                       D. learners

33. A. problems             B. teachers                    C. questions                  D. studies

34. A. love                      B. solve                           C. find                            D. help

35. A. As                         B. While                          C. Because                    D. If

36. A. or                           B. and                             C. with                            D. along with

37. A. clothes                 B. family                         C. parents                      D. marks

38. A. goes                      B. fights                          C. deals                          D. lies

39. A. you                       B. yourself                       C. them                          D. themselves

40. A. good                     B. clever                         C. bad                               D. expert

 

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The concept of health holds different meanings for different people and groups. These meanings have also changed over time. This change is no more evident than in Western society today, when notions of health and health promotion are being challenged and expanded in new ways.

For much of recent Western history, health has been viewed in the physical sense only. That is, good health has been connected to the smooth mechanical operation of the body, while ill health has been attributed to a breakdown in this machine. Health in this sense has been defined as the absence of disease or illness and is seen in medical terms.

In the late 1940s the World Health Organization challenged this physically and medically oriented (导向的) view of health. They stated that health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease (WHO, 1946). Health and the person were seen more holistically (mind / body / spirit) and not just in physical terms.

The 1970s was a time of focusing on the prevention of disease and illness by emphasizing the importance of the lifestyle and behaviour of the individual. Specific behaviours which were seen to increase risk of disease, such as smoking, lack of fitness and unhealthy eating habits, were targeted. Creating health meant providing not only medical health care, but also health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintain healthy behaviours and lifestyles. While this individualistic healthy lifestyle approach to health worked for some (the wealthy members of society), it was of little benefit to people experiencing poverty, unemployment, underemployment or who had little control over the conditions of their daily life.

During the 1980s and 1990s there has been a growing swing away from seeing lifestyle risks as the root cause of poor health. While lifestyle factors still remain important, health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live. This broad approach to health is called the socio-ecological view of health.

At the Ottawa Conference in 1986, a charter was developed which outlined new directions for health promotion based on the socio-ecological view of health. This charter, known as the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, remains as the backbone of health action today. In exploring the scope of health promotion it states that:

Good health is a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension (尺度) of the quality of life. Political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, behavioural and biological factors can all favour health or be harmful to it. (WHO, 1986)

1.From the passage, we can infer that _________.

A.good health means not having any illness

B.health has different meanings for different people in different periods

C.health has always been viewed in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live

D.health has always been considered a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension of quality of life

2.In the late 1940s, if you ___________, that meant you were healthy. 

A.were strong enough

B.were strong, optimistic and happy

C.had enough money

D.had a good lifestyle

3.        of society benefited most from the healthy lifestyle approach to health. 

A.Rich people

B.Poor people

C.Old people

D.Young people

4.The socio-ecological view of health includes the following broad areas EXCEPT ________.

A.the social contexts

B.the environmental contexts

C.the economic contexts

D.the area of personal development

5.This passage mainly tells us that                 .  

A.wealth is health

B.health means different things in different periods

C.it’s getting harder to be healthy

D.people should change their understanding of health over time

 

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When you are talking to somebody at a party, do you focus entirely on the person you are speaking with or does your attention keep jumping around the room to all the other people there? General1y, if the person is someone you really want to talk to, you will focus on him. Most other people will only get about half of your attention.

You may think that this is OK, because if you don’t really want to talk to him, then what does it matter if you don’t give him your full attention? Consider two things. First, you may just not realize the importance of that conversation. If you are at a networking meeting and you hope to meet the CEO of Company X, but you end up talking to someone who has a low-level job at a different company, then you may let your attention wander(走神)as you speak to him. But maybe you don’t realize that this person has already met the CEO and could introduce you. Do you think he will do that if he feels you don’t really care about speaking to him? This doesn’t mean you need to spend the whole time talking to him. Five or ten minutes of real attentive(专心的)conversation can be worth 30 minutes to an hour of partial attention.

Second, whether you want to speak to someone is based on the situation. You can love your wife, but if she tries to talk to you while you are watching something you like on TV, where is your attention going? Make your own decision, but if you want her to feel valued, give her your 100% attention. The nice thing is that in many cases you can give her your attention for a few minutes and then return to what you were doing. You miss very little, she feels valued, and all is good.

1.The author’s opinion is made believable mainly by ________.

 A using figures     B. giving examples     C. asking questions     D. description

2.The second paragraph mainly tells you that ________.

A. you should be interested in everyone at a party

B. you can refuse to talk to someone you don’t like at a party

C. you should focus on whoever you are talking to

D. you should be patient with everyone at a party

3.A person who has a low-level job probably ________.

A. would like to talk to you 

B. is well worth focusing on

C. wants to make friends with you

D. is the one you’re looking for

4.If your wife wants to talk to you when you are busy, you should ________.

A. decide what to do according to the situation

B. go on with what you are doing

C. stop doing anything immediately

D. finish what you are doing with her

5.What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Always be friendly to others at a party.

B. It is important for you to be active at a party.

C. You should respect your wife at any time.   

D. Improve your communication skills by focusing on others

 

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