摘要:不定代词 不定代词主要有:all.each.every.both.either.neither.one.none.little.few.many.much.other.another.some.any.no等.还有由some.any.no和every构成合成代词.不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质.并有可数和不可数之分.在句中可以作主语.表语.宾语.同位语.定语.状语等.下面介绍几组主要不定代词的用法与区别. (1)some与any 一般用法:some.any可与单.复数可数名词及不可数名词连有.some一般用于肯定句.any多用于疑问.否定或条件句. He has some Chinese paintings. Some like sports,others like music. Ask me if you have any questions. Do you have any questions to ask? I don’t know any of the students. 特殊用法: ①any用于肯定句表示“任何 的意思. Any child can do that. You may take any of them. ②some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一 . Smith went to some place in England. ③在期待对方回答yes 时.some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中. Would you like some bananas? Mum,could you give me some money? ④some 用于否定句表示部分否定. I don’t know some of the students. some和any在句中还可作状语.作副词.some意为“大约 相当于“about ,而any则表示程度.意为“稍.丝毫 .如: There are some 300 workers on strike. Do you feel any better today? (2)one,both,all ①one作定语.表语.主语或宾语.可以指人或物.表示“一个 的意思.其复数为ones,指人时.其所有格是one’s.反身代词是oneself. One should try one’s best to serve the people. This is not the one I want. one.ones可以代替上文提到过的名词.以免重复.one.ones前面分别可以用this.that.these.those或the.which等词修饰.如: These books are more interesting than those ones. Here are three pens.Which one is yours,this one or that one or the one in the pencil-box? ②both用作定语.宾语.主语和同位语.可以指人或指物.表示“两者都 的意思. This maths problem can be worked out in both ways. Both of the boys are here. We both are students. 注意:both用于否定句.表示部分否定,表示完全否定时.用neither.如:Both of us are not teachers.我们俩并不都是教师. Neither of us is a teacher. 我们俩都不是教师. both不能放在the.these.those.my等之后.而应放在它们的前面.如:Both my parents like this film. Both the /these boys are tall. ③all用作主语.表语.宾语.定语.同位语.指“全部的 .“整个的 .可与可数或不可数名词连用.除少数情况外.一般不与单数可数名词连用.与复数名词连用时.表示“所有的 .“全部的 .指三个或三个以上的人或物. He gave me all the money.他把全部的钱给了我. All the schools are flooded.所有的学校都被淹了. I told him all about it. 我把一切都告诉了他. That’s all for today.今天就在这儿. They have all been to Xi’an.他们都去过西安. 注意:all 用于否定句.表示部分否定.完全否定用none.如: Not all the ants go out for food.(or:All the ants don’t go out for food.)并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物. None of the money is mine.这钱一分也不是我的. (3)many和much many和much都表示“许多 .但many修饰或代替复数可数名词.much修饰或代替不可数名词.它们在句中可作主语.宾语.定语.much有时用作状语. (4)few, little; a few, a little few和little表示没有多少.含否定意义,而a few 和a little表示有一些.有几个.含肯定意义.另外.few.a few 修饰可数名词,little.a little修饰不可数名词.它们在句中常用作定语.主语和宾语. (5)no和none no=not any,表示“没有 .用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词.通常作定语.none代替不可数名词作主语时.谓语动词用单数形式,代替可数名词作主语时.谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式.none还可以在句中作宾语. 注意:none既可以指人又可以指物.no one只能指人. (6)each和every each.指两个或两个以上的人或物.侧重个体.在句中作主语.宾语.定语和同位语.every.指三个或三个以上的人或物.侧重整体.在句中只能作定语. Every student it our class has a dictionary.(定语.强调班上“所有的人 ) Each student in our class has a dictionary. Each of them has been there. The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook. We each got a ticket. (7)either和neither either是“两者中任何一个 的意思.可修饰或代替单数可数名词.neither是“两者中没有一个 的意思.可以修饰或代替单数可数名词.它们可在句在作主语.宾语或定语.如: Here are two pens. You may take either of them. Neither boy knows French. 注意:①either也作副词.其意为“也 .用于否定句的句末.He doesn’like tea, and I don’t either.②either与or构成连词.意为“不是--就是-- 或“要么--要么-- .He is either Japanese or Chinese. ③neither用作副词.意为“也不 .即“not-either .He can’t do it, neither can I. ④neither可与nor构成连词.意为“既不--也不 .Neither he nor you are a student. (8)other和another, the others 和others the other表示“两者中的另一个 ,“the other + 复数可数名词 表示“其余(他)的-- ,the others表示“其他的人或物 .“others及other + 复数名词 泛指“其他的人或物 .这些词语在句中可作主语.宾语和定语.如: He got two books; one is?textbook, the other is a novel. Five of the pencils are red, the othersare yellow. Some are singing, others are dancing. another修饰或代替单数可数名词.意为“另一个 .不能指两者中的另一个.在句中可作宾语和定语. This coat is too dark. Please show me another. Please give me another book. 注意:another修饰复数名词时.意为“再.又 .如:Please give me another ten minutes. one - another- a third-the other-意为“一个--一个--一个--一个 用于三者或三者以上的排列.some-others-others-.意为“一些--一些--一些 .

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