These continual _____ in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.

　　A. alterations  B. vibrations C. waves   D. fluctuations

Are you a problem shopper? The answer is “Yes”, if you or someone else thinks that you sometimes get carried away with shopping. In other words, do you or does someone else think you are occupied in extreme shopping? If people have regrets later about their shopping, or have an “out-of-control” feeling about the quantities of what they buy or the amount of credit they use, they may be considered to be problem shoppers.

Extreme shopping can lead to a more serious problem –addictive shopping. Addictive shoppers feel driven by the desire to shop and spend money. They experience great tension which drives them to shop and spend money and they feel a “rush” during the time they are occupied with the shopping activity.

Extreme or addictive shopping may result from long-time unpleasant feelings, of which anxiety, pain and shame are common ones. When we feel bad inside, we often do something to make ourselves feel better. In this case, we often go shopping.

A few people shop to relieve their boredom or emptiness. For some people, the motivation is a desire for status, power, beauty or success. Some love to shop as it makes them feel valued in the eyes of the shop assistants. Others shop simply because it makes them forget, at least temporarily, tension, fear or unhappiness in their life.

Besides, shopping malls are designed to encourage continual shopping. For instance, there are some malls where you can’t see clocks displaying the time because they don’t want you to become too aware of the time you spend there. What’s more, food courts, coffee shops and restrooms are provided, so you don’t have to leave the mall because of your physical needs.

Therefore, once you become aware of how market forces work, you will certainly come to control your shopping behavior. For example, how much time you will spend and what areas you will visit can be decided before you enter the mall. Keep a written account of what items you will buy and how much money you will spend. Make a plan for what you are going to buy before you feel the urge to shop and then stick to it. That is vital for gaining self-control.

55．Which of the following people may not be problem shoppers?

A．Those who cannot control the amount of credit they use.

B．Those who just walk around the shopping malls.

C．Those who are occupied in too much shopping.

D．Those who feel sorry for their shopping.

56．According to the passage, what may not result in addictive shopping?

A．The awareness of how market forces work.

B．The desire for status, power, beauty or success.

C．Boredom, emptiness, tension, fear or unhappiness in people’s life.

D．Long-time bad feelings of anxiety, pain and shame.

57．How can we control our shopping behavior according to the passage?

A．Never going to the shopping malls because there are many tricks.

B．Applying for a credit card before we go shopping.

C．Making the shopping time as short as possible.

D．Making a shopping list before we go shopping.

58．The author writes this passage to_______________.     .

A．inform the shopping malls how to attract more shoppers

B．scold the problem shoppers

C．provide solutions for the problem shoppers.

D．tell a shopping story

Are you a problem shopper? The answer is “Yes”, if you or someone else thinks that you sometimes get carried away with shopping. In other words, do you or does someone else think you are occupied in extreme shopping? If people have regrets later about their shopping, or have an “out-of-control” feeling about the quantities of what they buy or the amount of credit they use, they may be considered to be problem shoppers.

Extreme shopping can lead to a more serious problem – addictive shopping. Addictive shoppers feel driven by the desire to shop and spend money. They experience great tension which drives them to shop and spend money and they feel a “rush” during the time they are occupied with the shopping activity.

Extreme or addictive shopping may result from long-time unpleasant feelings, of which anxiety, pain and shame are common ones. When we feel bad inside, we often do something to make ourselves feel better. In this case, we often go shopping.

A few people shop to relieve their boredom or emptiness. For some people, the motivation is a desire for status, power, beauty or success. Some love to shop as it makes them feel valued in the eyes of the shop assistants. Others shop simply because it makes them forget, at least temporarily, tension, fear or unhappiness in their life.

Besides, shopping malls are designed to encourage continual shopping. For instance, there are some malls where you can’t see clocks displaying the time because they don’t want you to become too aware of the time you spend there. What’s more, food courts, coffee shops and restrooms are provided, so you don’t have to leave the mall because of your physical needs.

Therefore, once you become aware of how market forces work, you will certainly come to control your shopping behavior. For example, how much time you will spend and what areas you will visit can be decided before you enter the mall. Keep a written account of what items you will buy and how much money you will spend. Make a plan for what you are going to buy before you feel the urge to shop and then stick to it. That is vital for gaining self-control.

1.Which of the following people may not be problem shoppers?

A．Those who cannot control the amount of credit they use.

B．Those who feel sorry for their shopping.

C．Those who are occupied in too much shopping.

D．Those who just walk around the shopping malls.

2.According to the passage, what may not result in addictive shopping?

A．The desire for status, power, beauty or success.

B．The awareness of how market forces work.

C．Boredom, emptiness, tension, fear or unhappiness in people’s life.

D．Long-time bad feelings of anxiety, pain and shame.

3.What does the author suggest to control our shopping behaviour?

A．Never going to the shopping malls because there are many tricks.

B．Applying for a credit card before we go shopping.

C．Making a shopping list before we go shopping.

D．Making the shopping time as short as possible.

4.The author writes this passage to      .

A．inform the shopping malls how to attract more shoppers

B．tell a shopping story

C．scold the problem shoppers

D．provide solutions to the problem shopping.

         Are you a problem shopper? The answer is “Yes”, if you or someone else thinks that you sometimes get carried away with shopping. In other words, do you or does someone else think you are occupied in extreme shopping ? If people have regrets later about their shopping, or have an “out-of-control” feeling about the quantities of what they buy or the amount of credit they use, they may be considered to be problem shoppers.

         Extreme shopping can lead to a more serious problem –addictive shopping.  Addictive shoppers feel driven by the desire to shop and spend money. They experience great tension which drives them to shop and spend money and they feel a “rush” during the time they are occupied with the shopping activity.

         Extreme or addictive shopping may result from long-time unpleasant feelings, of which anxiety, pain and shame are common ones,. When we feel bad inside, we often do something to make ourselves feel better.  In this case, we often go shopping.

         A few people shop to relieve their boredom or emptiness. For some people, the motivation is a desire for status, power, beauty or success. Some love to shop as it makes them feel valued in the eyes of the shop assistants. Others shop simply because it makes them forget, at least temporarily, tension, fear or unhappiness in their life.

         Besides, shopping malls are designed to encourage continual shopping. For instance, there are some malls where you can’t see clocks displaying the time because they don’t want you to become too aware of the time you spend there. What’s more, food courts, coffee shops and restrooms are provided, so you don’t have to leave the mall because of your physical needs.

         Therefore, once you become aware of how market forces work, you will certainly come to control your shopping behavior. For example, how much time you will spend and what areas you will visit can be decided before you enter the mall. Keep a written account of what items you will buy and how much money you will spend. Make a plan for what you are going to buy before you feel the urge to shop and then stick to it. That is vital for gaining self-control.

1．Which of the following people may not be problem shoppers?

         A．Those who cannot control the amount of credit they use.

         B．Those who just walk around the shopping malls.

         C．Those who are occupied in too much shopping.

         D．Those who feel sorry for their shopping.

2．According to the passage, what may not result in addictive shopping?

         A．The awareness of how market forces work.

         B．The desire for status, power, beauty or success.

         C．Boredom, emptiness, tension, fear or unhappiness in people’s life.

         D．Long-time bad feelings of anxiety, pain and shame.

3．What does the author suggest to control our shopping behaviour?

         A．Never going to the shopping malls because there are many tricks.

         B．Applying for a credit card before we go shopping.

         C．Making the shopping time as short as possible.

         D．Making a shopping list before we go shopping.

4．The author writes this passage to      .

         A．inform the shopping malls how to attract more shoppers

         B．provide solutions to the problem shopping.

         C．scold the problem shoppers

         D．tell a shopping story

Now, there is a growing movement to pay the students in American schools---in some cases, even just for coming to class.

Students at one school in New Mexico can earn up to three hundred dollars a year for good attendance. In Baltimore, Maryland, high scores in state graduation tests can be worth more than one hundred dollars. And a New Jersey school system plans to pay students fifty dollars a week to attend after---school tutoring programs.

Schools that pay students can be found in more than one---fourth of the fifty states. Other schools pay students with food or other rewards.

Robert Schaefer is a public education director. He says paying students may improve performance in the short term, but students develop false expectations for the future. He sees a lack of long term planning in these programs because of the pressure on schools to raise test scores.

Public schools need to show improvement under the education reform law. Low---performing schools may lose their federal money; teachers and administrators(行政人员) may lose their jobs. Often these schools are in poor neighborhoods where getting students to go to school can be a continual problem.

Critics(评论家) say paying students sends a message that money is the only valuable reward. But some students say it makes school more exciting. And some teachers have reported getting more requests for extra help.

In two thousand four, the city schools in Coshocton, Ohio, launched a program. They wanted to see if paying elementary school students as much as one hundred dollars would help in passing the state exams.

Now, Eric Bettinger of Case Western Reserve University (EUCWRU) has reported mixed results. Math scores increased, but only white students were able to get paid. And there was no evidence of higher scores in reading, social studies and science. Official will decide later this year whether to continue the program.

1.Paying students who show improvement in tests __________.

A．has been done in most American schools

B．is becoming a growing practice in the USA

C．is not very popular with teachers

D．only aims at high scores at school

2.According to the text, Robert Schaefer _____________.

A．is a very excellent teacher

B．thinks highly of paying students

C．thinks students will show improvement in study in the future

D．thinks people should make a careful plan for the paying program

3.From the last paragraph we can see __________.

A．EBCWRU has got great success in its paying program

B．not all the students in EUCWRU have made progress in all subjects

C．only students who study math can get paid

D．EBCWRU will go on with the paying program

4.The text is mainly written to _____________.

A．persuade teachers to give students more prizes

B．tell people how to become an excellent student

C．introduce something about American paying students program

D．explain the advantages of American paying students program