In most situations, light helps us see．But nowadays humans are using too much of it so that it is in fact a kind of pollution．

When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life’s most wonderful sights: stars, planets and even galaxies（星系）．

According to scientific research, about 2, 500 stars can be seen by the human eye without using any special equipment（设备）．But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city．In most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood．

Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky．Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too．

When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles（圈） until they drop from tiredness．Sea turtles（海龟） need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights．

Too much light at night may even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that． They are still learning more．

In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution．Many cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at night．Lights are used only when and where they are truly needed．They also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels．

Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too．

1．Why does the writer think that too much light is a kind of pollution?

A． Because there are fewer and fewer stars．

B． Because human health has been affected．

C． Because too much light is a waste of energy．

D． Because some of the wildlife can be harmed．

2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned（提到）in this passage?

A． The problems that light pollution has caused．

B． The reason why humans use too much light．

C． The ways that light pollution can be reduced．

D． The reason why fewer stars can be seen than before．

3．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A． There are about 2,500 stars in the sky．

B． Humans want to do nothing to reduce light pollution．

C． Sea turtles always get lost and die from tiredness．

D． Something has been done to reduce light pollution．

Tom was ten years old, and he was a very lazy boy, He didn't like doing any work. He had to go to school of course, but he didn't study hard there and tried to do as little work as possible. His father and mother were both doctors and they hoped that their son would become one, too, when he grew up. But one day Tom said to his mother, "When I finish school, I want to be a dustman." "A dustman?" his mother asked, she was very surprised. "That's not a very pleasant job, why do you want to become a dustman?" "Because then I would only have to work one day a week." Tom answered at once. "Only one day a week?" his mother said, "What do you mean? and how do you know?" "Well", Tom replied, "I know that the dustmen who come to our house on work on Thursday, because I only see them on that day."
【小题1】What kind of boy was Tom?
A. Tom was a clever boy.
B. Tom was a boy who didn't like to work.
C. Tom was a boy who worked very hard.
【小题2】What did Tom say he wanted to be?
A. Tom said that he wanted to be a person who collected rubbish and emptied the dustbins.
B. Tom said that he wanted to be a person who taught the children at school.
C. Tom said that he wanted to be a person who worked in a hospital.
【小题3】Why did Tom think that dustmen only worked one day a week?
A. Because Tom heard of this.
B. Because one of the dustmen had told him before.
C. Because Tom had seen the dustmen only on Thursday at his house.