After their 20-year-old son hanged himself during his winter break from the University of Arizona five years ago, Donna and Phil Satow wondered what signs they have overlooked, and started asking other students for answers.
What grew from this soul searching was Ulifeline (www. Ulifeline. org), a Web site where students can get answers to questions about depression by logging on through their universities. The site has been adopted as a resource by over 120 colleges, which can customize it with local information, and over 1.3 million students have logged on with their college ID’s.
“It is a very solid Web site that raises awareness of suicide, de-stigmatizes mental illness and encourages people to seek the help they need,”said Paul Grayson, the director of counseling services at New York University, which started using the service nearly a year ago.
The main component of the Web site is the Self-screening program developed by Duke University Medical Center that tests students to determine whether they are at risk for depression, suicide and disorders like anorexia and drug dependences. Besides helping students, the services compiles anonymous student date, offering administrators an important window onto the mental health of its campus.
The site provides university users with links to local mental health services, a catalog of information on prescription drugs and side effects, and access to Go Ask Alice, a vast archive developed by Columbia University with hundreds of responses to anonymously posted inquires from college students worldwide. For students concerned about their friends, there is a section that describes warning signs for suicidal behavior and depression.
Yet it is hard to determine how effective the service is. The anonymity of the online service can even play out as a negative. “There is no substitute for personal interaction(个人互动才能解决)，” said Dr. Lanny Berman, executive director of the American Association of Suicidology, based in Washington.
Ulifeline would be the first to say that its service is no replacement for an actual therapist. “The purpose is to find out if there are signs of depression and then direct people to the right places,” said Ron Gibori, executive director of Ulifeline.
Mrs. Satow, who is still involved with Ulifeline, called it “a knowledge base” that might have prevented the death of her son, Jed. “If Jed’s friends had known the signs of depression, they might have seen something,” she said.

  1. 1.

    The first paragraph is written to_________.

    1. A.
      report a suicide of a young man
    2. B.
      show the suffering of Mr. And Mrs. Satow
    3. C.
      describe the Satows’ confusion over their son’s death
    4. D.
      introduce the topic of a website called Ulifeline.
  2. 2.

    One reason that many colleges adopt the website is to _________

    1. A.
      provide their students with campus information
    2. B.
      offer medical treatment to students in mental disorder
    3. C.
      encourage their students to seek advice about depression
    4. D.
      give their students various help they may need
  3. 3.

    Go Ask Alice as mentioned in the passage is________

    1. A.
      a side effect caused by some prescription drugs
    2. B.
      intended to counsel college students in mental problems
    3. C.
      a collection of medical responses from students the world over
    4. D.
      meant to describe the various signs of mental disorders
  4. 4.

    The underlined sentence of the seventh paragraph implies that ______

    1. A.
      only actual therapy can ensure adequate treatment
    2. B.
      the help given by the web service is doubtful
    3. C.
      doctors have expressed a negative view of the service
    4. D.
      a therapist’s office is the first place for the depressed to go
  5. 5.

    Mrs. Satow would probably agree that _________

    1. A.
      Jed’s friends can prevent her son’s death
    2. B.
      her son’s suicide is unavoidable
    3. C.
      Ulifeline is a worthwhile website
    4. D.
      depression is the final cause of suicides

Can you remember the day when you spoke your first word? If you can, you are unusual. Try to imagine what first few months of your life were like. I am sure you just spent most of your time eating, sleeping and crying. As you grow older, you were awake more of the time. It took your parents more time to play with you and talk to you. You watched and listened curiously. You began to know that people made certain sounds to go with certain things.
Then you began to try making the sounds you heard. And step by step you were able to make the right sound for one thing.On that day you came to understand the secret of language. The secret is that a certain sound means a certain thing. One sound might be as good as another. But it is no good as a word unless everybody agrees on its meaning. Only when a group of people use the same set of sounds of things, can they understand each other. Then, and only then do these people have a LANGUAGE.
After you found the secret of language, you learned words. Some of the words meant things, such as BOOKS, CHAIRS and SHOES. Some words meant doing things, such as GO and SWIM. And other words describe things, such as GOOD and DIRTY. Soon you learned to put words together to express one’s idea, such as “I want to go out and play with my friends.” This is language. By means of language people can communicate. So we say languages are means of communication.

  1. 1.

    When you were a little baby, you_________.

    1. A.
      made sounds to let people know that you wanted to eat
    2. B.
      spent most of your time playing with your parents
    3. C.
      could not hear any sound around you
    4. D.
      spent most of your time eating, playing and crying
  2. 2.

    The secret of language is that___________.

    1. A.
      one sound might be as good as another
    2. B.
      people can understand each other
    3. C.
      a certain sound is for a certain thing
    4. D.
      there is a special sound for each person
  3. 3.

    You could learn words__________.

    1. A.
      before you knew what the language was
    2. B.
      after you knew what the language was
    3. C.
      if you knew the secret of the language
    4. D.
      when you were a baby
  4. 4.

    The aim in using language is___________.

    1. A.
      to get everying one wants from others
    2. B.
      to say what one wants to know
    3. C.
      to share ideas, opinions, news, etc with one another
    4. D.
      to make oneself understood by others

Mr. Brown worked in a factory of a small town. He had been there for twenty years before one day he was sent to the capital for important business. He was quite excited because he had never been there before. Before he set off, he asked his wife and three daughters if they wanted him to buy something for them in London. Mrs. Brown began to think it over and then she said she wished her husband would be able to buy a nice umbrella for her, and so did their three daughters. As he was afraid he would forget it, he drew an umbrella on his hand. To his regret, he lost it at the station.
On the train Mr. Brown sat opposite to an old woman. The woman’s umbrella was so nice that he carefully looked at it and said to himself not to forget to buy a few umbrellas like it. When the train arrived at the station in London, he said good-bye to the old woman, took his bag and her umbrella and was going to get off.
“Wait a minute, sir,” shouted the old woman. “That’s my umbrella!”
Now Mr. Brown noticed that he had taken her umbrella. His face turned red at once and said in a hurry,“Oh, I’m very sorry, Madam! I didn’t mean it!”
Seven days later Mr. Brown left the capital. To his surprise, he met the old woman and sat opposite to her again. Looking at the four umbrellas, the old woman was satisfied with herself. “It seems that I had a better result than the other four women.” She thought.

  1. 1.

    We can learn from the passage that Mr. Brown was ______.

    1. A.
      a conductor
    2. B.
      a worker
    3. C.
      a thief
    4. D.
      an umbrella maker
  2. 2.

    The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to ______.

    1. A.
      his ticket
    2. B.
      his bag
    3. C.
      his drawing
    4. D.
      his umbrella
  3. 3.

    Why did Mr. Brown take the woman’s umbrella?

    1. A.
      Because he was lost in thought.
    2. B.
      Because it was much like his own umbrella.
    3. C.
      Because he thought the woman would not notice it.
    4. D.
      Because the woman misplaced it beside Mr. Brown.
  4. 4.

    When looking at Mr. Brown with four umbrellas, the woman felt ______.

    1. A.
      surprised
    2. B.
      angry
    3. C.
      fortunate
    4. D.
      sad

About 1 million adult New Yorkers are obese(肥胖的), but nearly two-thirds of them don’t think they are, according to a study released on Tuesday by the city’s Department of Health and Mental Hygiene(卫生).
Among the obese, who account for about one in five New Yorkers, only 39% described themselves as “very overweight”, according to the report. 2% said they were very underweight, 1% said they were slightly underweight, 16% said they were just right and 42% said they were slightly over weight.
Some 2 million more New Yorkers are overweight, the report said, and one in five children in kindergarten is obese.
Only 44% of the city’s adults are at a healthy weight, and nearly 75% say they do not participate in(参加) any regular physical activity.
New York City’s adult obesity rate was 20% in 2003 compared with 23% nationwide in 2004.The national average has nearly doubled from 12% in 1993, the report said.
Overweight and obese are defined by body mass index, or BMI (=" kg/m)" , which is based on a person’s weight , adjusted(调整) for height, the department said.
Being obese means having a BMI of 30 or greater, while being overweight means a BMI of more than 25 but less than 30.
A 5-foot, 10-inch (1.78-meter) man weighing 175 pounds(79kg) would have a BMI of 25.1 and be considered overweight according to the department . If he weighed 210 pounds (95kg), he would have a BMI of 30.1 and be obese.
The report came from results of the department’s 2002 and 2003 yearly telephone surveys of some 10,000 adults.

  1. 1.

    New York City has a population of about _____ according to the passage.

    1. A.
      5,000,000
    2. B.
      2,000,000
    3. C.
      1,000,000
    4. D.
      500,000
  2. 2.

    We can infer from the passage that ____.

    1. A.
      most adult New Yorkers go in for many regular physical activities
    2. B.
      New Yorkers think that obesity shows economic development
    3. C.
      New York City’s adult obesity rate increased from 1993 to 2004
    4. D.
      most of the New York City’s adults are at a healthy weight
  3. 3.

    If a 1.75-meter-tall man weighs 99 kilograms, he is ____ according to the passage.

    1. A.
      overweight
    2. B.
      underweight
    3. C.
      slightly underweight
    4. D.
      obese
  4. 4.

    What is the passage mainly about?

    1. A.
      Population explosion in US

If you've been joining in chat room conversations, or trading e-mails with net pals (网友), you have become one of the millions who write in a special, short form of English.
Throughout the world, every night children and their elders are “talking” online-many of them are talking at the same time.
It's fast: trying talking to six people once. It's convenient: three or four words per exchange. It takes cleverness, concentration and quick fingers.
And it requires very simple language. There's neither time nor space for explanations. Why waste valuable time telling six friends you have to leave for a moment to take care of your little brother when BRB (be right back) will do?
Want to enter a conversation? Just type PMFJI (pardon me for jumping in).
Interested in whom you're talking to? Type A/S/L, the nearly universal request to know your pal's age, sex and location. You may get 15/M/NY as a reply from your pal.
If something makes you laugh, say you're OTF (on the floor), or LOL (laughing out loud), or join the two into ROTFL (rolling on the floor laughing).
And when it's time to get back to work or go to bed, you type GTG (got to go) or TTYL (talk to you later).
People want to write as fast as possible, and they want to get their ideas across as quickly as they can. Capital letters are left in the dust, except when expressing feeling, as it takes more time to hold down the “Shift” key and use capitals. Punctuation (标点) is going too.

  1. 1.

    When people are online, they talk by ________.

    1. A.
      using body language
    2. B.
      drawing some strange pictures
    3. C.
      making phone calls
    4. D.
      making use of an especially short form of English
  2. 2.

    The underlined sentence in Para. 4 means that ________.

    1. A.
      people should use words properly
    2. B.
      people should know what time it is when they are talking
    3. C.
      people online have to express themselves in a simple way
    4. D.
      people should communicate in a funny way
  3. 3.

    If you get 17/F/NY as an answer to your A/S/L, it means________.

    1. A.
      the people on the other end is 17 from New York and he is fine
    2. B.
      you are talking to a girl who is 17 and lives in New York
    3. C.
      you are talking to 17 girls who are from New York
    4. D.
      the people you are talking to is a 17-foot tall New York girl
  4. 4.

    Which of the following is a way to save online time?

    1. A.
      People seldom use capital letters or punctuation marks.
    2. B.
      Many people draw pictures.
    3. C.
      People only use the mouse instead of the keyboard.
    4. D.
      People never use the “Shift” key.

The lights dimmed，the musical hall grew quiet and out walked the conductor (指挥) shiny and white and 4 feet and 3 inches tall.
ASIMO, a robot designed by Honda Motor Co., met its latest challenge Tuesday evening: Conducting the Detroit Symphony (底特律交响乐团), in a performance of “The Impossible  Dream” from “Man of La Mancha”.
“Hello, everyone，” ASIMO said to the audience in a childlike voice, then waved to the orchestra. As it conducted, it perfectly mimicked (模仿) the actions of a conductor,
nodding its head at various sections and gesturing with one or both hands. ASIMO took a final bow to excited shouts from the audience. Later, cellist Yo-Yo Ma joined ASIMO onstage to receive an award for his efforts in music education.
Honda spokeswoman Alicia Jones says it is the first time ASIMO has conducted an orchestra, and it may be the first time any robot has conducted a live performance. But ASIMO has its  limits. ASIMO's engineers programmed the robot to mimic Charles Burke, the Detroit Symphony's education director, as he conducted the piece in front of a pianist about six months ago. But it can't respond to the musicians.
“It's not a communicative device. It simply is programmed to do a set of gestures，” said Leonard Slatkin, the orchestra's musical director. “If the orchestra decides to go faster, there's nothing the robot can do about it. Hopefully, I keep that under control.”
But several musicians also said ASIMO was more realistic than they expected. “The movements are still a little stiff (僵硬的), but very humanlike, much better than I thought，” Hutchinson said.

  1. 1.

    What's the audience's response to ASIMO's performance?

    1. A.
      Disappointed.
    2. B.
      Moved.
    3. C.
      Excited.
    4. D.
      Astonished.
  2. 2.

    Whose conducting was ASIMO made to copy?

    1. A.
      Yo-Yo Ma's.
    2. B.
      Charles Burke's.
    3. C.
      Leonard Slatkin's.
    4. D.
      Alicia Jones's.
  3. 3.

    We can learn from the passage that ASIMO ________.

    1. A.
      was designed and trained by Yo-Yo Ma
    2. B.
      can communicate with the audience freely
    3. C.
      only performs according to the designed programs
    4. D.
      can change its conducting style freely
  4. 4.

    What would be the best title for this passage?

    1. A.
      Detroit Symphony gives a good performance
    2. B.
      Honda robot conducts Detroit Symphony
    3. C.
      “The Impossible Dream” from Detroit Symphony
    4. D.
      Cooperation between Honda and Detroit Symphony

While students in Hainan are quite used to clear skies, Beijing teenagers are not so lucky. As another warm winter approaches, the city can expect the normal clouds of smoke caused by air pollution.
But things could start to get better soon. The government is co-operating with a US-based environmental protection agency to update existing buses and trucks with clean fuel technology. The new technology could reduce air pollutants in existing diesel vehicles (柴油机) by 40 per cent. The programme will begin by testing buses in Beijing to see if the technology can be applied to them.
“We encourage the development of public transportation. But at the same time we need to reduce pollution from them,” said an official.
Efforts are being made to improve the capital’s environment with tighter controls on emissions (排放). Some heavily polluting factories and construction sites, such as those owned by the steel giant Shougang Group, have been asked to cut production in November and December or be closed.
Beijing was the third polluted city in the world at the end of last century, according to the UN. But thanks to recent measures, the capital has made some progress. Last year 224 clear days were rated as having good air quality. In 1998 the air quality index (指数) gave just 100 days as good.
“I am glad to see an improvement,” said a Senior 1 boy living in the northwest of Beijing. “Compared to other places, the air quality of Beijing is still worrying though. I hate the pollution. Once I was riding my bike in the morning when I almost had a traffic accident because I couldn’t see a car only metres away from me in frog.”
In early October, the skies were covered by such a thick fog that a display show by the visiting French air force was called off.
Rapid development, industry, traffic fumes (烟) and sandstorms from the desert all contribute to the city’s bad air.

  1. 1.

    The passage is mainly about ________?

    1. A.
      a programme to improve Beijing’s air quality
    2. B.
      progress made in Beijing’s air quality
    3. C.
      Beijing’s air pollution
    4. D.
      the difference between Hainan and Beijing
  2. 2.

    Which of the following is not the measure taken or to be taken to improve Beijing’s air?

    1. A.
      Clean fuel technology will be used in public transportation.
    2. B.
      Some factories have been asked to cut production.
    3. C.
      Some construction sites have been told to be closed.
    4. D.
      A display show of airplanes has been called off.
  3. 3.

    We can infer from the passage that, with the aim of being an ecological (生态的) city by the 2008 Olympics, ________.

    1. A.
      far more still needs to be done
    2. B.
      nothing else needs to be done
    3. C.
      all traffic has to be closed
    4. D.
      the development of the city has to be slowed down
  4. 4.

    Which is not correct according to the passage?

    1. A.
      Beijing’s air quality is getting worse and worse.
    2. B.
      Development, industry, traffic fumes and sandstorms are all the causes of bad air quality.
    3. C.
      Clouds of smoke in the sky is the common feature in the winter of Beijing.
    4. D.
      The government is making every effort to stop air pollution.

Every evening, 15-year-old Rashida returns home from school, changes out of her uniform, and rushes to a neighboring farm to help her mother harvest vegetables. Her father is disabled, so the modest profit the two of them earn must cover food, clothing and other necessities for all seven children and their parents. Despite having precious little time to study, Rashida is one of the top students at her junior secondary school. But with so much responsibility on her small shoulders, she admits that it is sometimes hard for her to imagine a more promising future.
Last year, Rashida was invited to join 155 other girls at Camfed Ghana’s first Girls’ Career Camp, a program designed to inspire girls growing up in the country’s Northern Region to dream big, and to support them to pursue those dreams. “We organized this camp because we wanted to let girls know that even if they are struggling with poverty, their lives will not be defined by limitations,” says Dolores Dickson, Camfed Ghana’s Executive Director.
Over the course of five days, the camp led the junior and secondary school students through a range of experiences and career opportunities that were entirely new to them. Dr. Agnes Apusiga, a lecturer from the University of Development Studies, ran the workshop on goal-setting and career choices, describing the universities and training colleges in Ghana that could help them achieve their dreams. Participants then visited the University for Development Studies, where they toured the medical school and science labs. Another highlight was a workshop at the computer lab at Tamale Secondary School. Many of the girls had studied information technology from a book but had never before seen a computer.
“When the girls arrived at camp, they were not ambitious, because they didn’t have any idea what the world held for them,” says Eugenia Ayagiba, Project Officer with Camfed Ghana. “Many had scarcely traveled beyond their own villages.”
“I think the most important thing that happened at the camp is that we opened a window of hope for a group of girls coming from backgrounds of poverty,” says Eugenia. For Rashida, who has been laughed at in the past by her schoolmates because of her father’s disability, the experience was important. “She told one of the camp mentors(辅导员) that when she is at school, she often feels like a misfit, and she prefers to keep to herself,” says Eugenia. “But at the camp, it was different. She made friends with girls who have similar struggles. She took part in every single activity, every single game. On the last day, she said to her mentor, “The camp has challenged me to study hard. Now I see that there is light at the end of the tunnel.”

  1. 1.

    How many members are there in Rashida’s family?

    1. A.
      Seven
    2. B.
      Eight
    3. C.
      Nine
    4. D.
      Ten
  2. 2.

    According to the passage, Camfed Ghana’s first Girls’ Career Camp is        .

    1. A.
      a program to help poor girls to have ambition
    2. B.
      a program to help poor girl students to get university education
    3. C.
      a program to help poor girls to study hard
    4. D.
      a program to help the poor families
  3. 3.

    Why did the camp lead the students to visit universities and training colleges?

    1. A.
      To show they are better than their schools
    2. B.
      To encourage them to get good education.
    3. C.
      To show them what they are like
    4. D.
      To get them to touch the advanced equipment there
  4. 4.

    What can we infer from the passage?

    1. A.
      Rashida has become friends with her mentors
    2. B.
      Rashida’s mentors has encouraged her a lot.
    3. C.
      Rashida was sad because of her father’s disability.
    4. D.
      Rashida has had her new dream since the camp
  5. 5.

    The best title of the passage is ___________.

    1. A.
      Poor Girls in Ghana
    2. B.
      Girls’ Career Camp
    3. C.
      Camfed Ghana
    4. D.
      Students in Ghana Dream Big

Space travel is definitely bad for astronauts’ bones, reducing their bone density(密度) after only a month of weightlessness, according to French research published on Friday.
Laurence Vico and his fellow workers at St Etienne University called for more research into the effects of microgravity, after their study of 15 astronauts from the Russian MIR station showed bone loss continued throughout space flights.
“Bone loss was especially striking in four astronauts, ” the scientists reported in the Lancet Medical Journal.
They measured the bone mineral density (BMD) of bones in the forearm(前臂) and lower leg of the astronauts who had spent one to six months in space.
The BMD loss was significant in the tibia(胫骨) of the lower leg, a weight-bearing bone, but barely changed in the radius(桡骨) of the forearm. “Our results indicate the need to investigate not only different bones, but also different areas of the same bone since not all sites of the skeleton (骨架) are similarly affected by space conditions, ” they added.
Without gravity the body isn’t bearing any weight so there is no need for calcium (钙) which makes bones strong, and it becomes empty into the bloodstream.
The research team suggested in future scientists should try to determine if the loss of bone density was only on weight-bearing bones on longer flights, also the possible recovery after returning to Earth.

  1. 1.

    French scientists did their research on Russian astronauts, because _______.

    1. A.
      they only cared for the Russian astronauts
    2. B.
      they were not interested in their own astronauts
    3. C.
      the Russian government invited them to do their research
    4. D.
      the Russian astronauts worked in space for a long time
  2. 2.

    Scientists have found that _______.

    1. A.
      the BMD loss may cause serious illness to astronauts
    2. B.
      the BMD loss may cause some change in astronauts’ bodies
    3. C.
      astronauts shouldn’t care about the BMD loss
    4. D.
      astronauts should take some calcium before space travel
  3. 3.

    What cause the BMD loss to astronauts, according to this passage?

    1. A.
      The food they eat in space.
    2. B.
      The drinks they take in space.
    3. C.
      The temperature in space.
    4. D.
      The gravity in space.
  4. 4.

    In the third paragraph, the word “striking” means ______.

    1. A.
      unusual
    2. B.
      simple
    3. C.
      weak
    4. D.
      slow

Informal conversation is an important part of any business relationship. Before you start a discussion, however, make sure you understand which topics are suitable and which are considered taboos(禁忌) in a particular culture. Latin Americans enjoy sharing information about their local history, art, and customs. They expect questions about their family and are sure to show pictures of their children. Yon may feel free to ask similar questions of your Latin American friends. The French think of conversation as an art form, and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements. For them, arguments can be interesting — and they can cover pretty much or any topic — as long as they occur in a respectful and intelligent(智慧的) manner.
In the United States, business people like to discuss a wide range of topics, including opinions about work, family, hobbies, and politics. In Japan, China, and Korea, however, people are much more private. They do not share much about their thoughts, feelings, or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away from the harmonious(和谐的) business relationship they’re trying to build. Middle Easterners are also private about their personal lives and family matters. It is considered rude, for example, to ask a businessman from Saudi Arabia about his wife or children.
As general rule, it’s best not to talk about politics or religion(宗教) with your business friends. This can get you into trouble, even in the United States, where people hold different views. In addition, discussing one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable. Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world, although be careful not to criticize a national sport. Instead, be friendly and praise your host’s team.

  1. 1.

    The author considers politics and religion ________.

    1. A.
      cheerful topics
    2. B.
      taboos
    3. C.
      rude topics
    4. D.
      topics that can never be talked about
  2. 2.

    Which is typically a friendly topic in most places according to the author?

    1. A.
      Sports.
    2. B.
      Children.
    3. C.
      Personal feelings.
    4. D.
      Families.
  3. 3.

    Why are people from Asia more private in their conversation with others?

    1. A.
      They don’t want to talk with others much.
    2. B.
      They don’t want to have their good relationship with others harmed by informal conversation.
    3. C.
      They are afraid to argue with their colleagues.
    4. D.
      They want to keep their feelings to themselves.
  4. 4.

    What shouldn’t you do when talking about sports with colleagues from another country?

    1. A.
      Praising your own country’s sports.
    2. B.
      Criticizing your own country’s sports.
    3. C.
      Praising the sports of your colleagues’ country.
    4. D.
      Criticizing the sports of your colleagues’ country.
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