When Harvard was founded in 1636, there were no other colleges in the American colonies, and it would become the model for many of those that followed. When it began requiring applicants to take a test known as the SAT in 1935, Harvard started another trend. Two years ago, after it announced an aggressive new financial-aid policy, it helped push social class to the center of the national debate over higher education and forced two of its main competitors, Stanford and Yale, to follow its lead.
Last week. Harvard began to make another effort to affect higher education in its image, its president, Derek Bok, announced that the college would abandon its early admissions program, which for decades has allowed high school seniors to apply in October and get an answer yes, no or maybe – in December, shortly before the regular deadline for applications.
Harvard officials argue that the program is beneficial to rich students who don't need to compare financial-aid offers from various colleges. After the announcement, many people within education urged other colleges to take a similar step.
"We're thrilled," said Laurie Kobick, a college counselor (顾问) at Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology in Alexandria, Va. "I think it's going to make admissions better in so many different ways. It will indeed go a small way toward leveling the field among applicants. Of course, it will also have an effect on colleges, and the biggest winner will almost certainly be Harvard. a fact that may prevent many other colleges – perhaps all of them – from       following Hazard this time. Because any college that does so will risk losing some of its best applicants."

  1. 1.

    From the first paragraph we can learn that Harvard ____.

    1. A.
      was the first college in the American colonies
    2. B.
      was best known for the SAT
    3. C.
      was muck better than Stanford and Yale
    4. D.
      refused to offer financial-aid to applicants
  2. 2.

    By abandoning early admissions program, Harvard wants ____.

    1. A.
      to attract the public's attention
    2. B.
      to influence higher education in its own way
    3. C.
      to save money spent in attracting students
    4. D.
      to allow its competitors to admit more students
  3. 3.

    Early admissions program is good for rich students because ____.

    1. A.
      they have more chances to enter college
    2. B.
      they can enter college with a lower score
    3. C.
      they have special right to be admitted into college
    4. D.
      they have no problem in supporting their studies
  4. 4.

    Why does Laurie Kobick think other colleges may not follow Harvard?

    1. A.
      Because they think the action will harm high education.
    2. B.
      Because they are afraid that the action is not practical.
    3. C.
      Because they may attract fewer top students than he[ore,
    4. D.
      Because they are afraid the action will damage their reputation.

The secret of carrier pigeons' unbelievable ability to find their way home has been discovered by scientists: the feathered navigators follow the roads just like we do.
Scientists now believe the phrase "as the crow (乌鸦) flies" no longer means the shortest most direct route between two points. They say it is likely that crows and other day birds also choose AA-suggested routes, even though it makes their journeys longer.
Scientists at Oxford University spent 10 years studying homing pigeons using global positioning satellite (GPS) and got a surprising result. The birds often don't use the sun to decide their directions.
Instead they fly along motorways, turn at crossing and even go around roundabouts (绕道) , adding miles to their journeys.
"It really has knocked our research team sideways to find that after a decade-long international study, pigeons appear to ignore their inbuilt directional instincts (本能) and follow the road system," said Prof Tim Guilford, reader in animal behavior at Oxford University's Department of Zoology.
Guilford said pigeons use their own navigational system (导航系统) when doing long distance trips or when a bird does a journey for the first time.
"But once homing pigeons have flown a journey more than once, they can fly home on a habitual route, much as we do when we are driving or walking home from work," said Guilford.
"In short, it looks like it is mentally easier for a bird to fly down a road. They are just making their journey as simple as possible."

  1. 1.

    What would be the best title of the passage?

    1. A.
      How Pigeons Find Their Ways Home?
    2. B.
      Why Pigeons Can Fly long Distance?
    3. C.
      Birds Follow Roads as We Do.
    4. D.
      Why Crows Fly the Shortest D stance?
  2. 2.

    What does the words "the feathered navigators" refer to?

    1. A.
      The crows.
    2. B.
      The pigeons.
    3. C.
      Day birds.
    4. D.
      Animals that can fly.
  3. 3.

    Scientists used to think that homing pigeons often find their directions ____.

    1. A.
      by global positioning satellite
    2. B.
      by the sun
    3. C.
      by the road system
    4. D.
      by following other birds
  4. 4.

    Why do homing pigeons tend to follow the road system daring the r journey?

    1. A.
      Because they don't have their inbuilt directional instincts now.
    2. B.
      Because their own navigational system doesn't work.
    3. C.
      Because it is too hard to use their own navigational system.
    4. D.
      Because it is easier to make journey simple by following road system.

We were a very motley (混杂的) crowd of people who took the bus every day many years ago. During the early morning ride from the suburb, we sat drowsily (昏昏欲睡地) with our collars up to our ears.
A small grey man took the bus to the center for senior citizens every morning. No one ever paid very much attention to him. Then one July morning he said good morning to the driver before he sat down. The driver nodded guardedly. The rest of us were silent.
The next day, the old man boarded the bus energetically, smiled and said in a loud voice: "And a very good morning to you all!" Some of us looked up, amazed, and murmured "Good morning!" in reply.
The following weeks we were more surprised. Our friend was now dressed in a nice old suit and a wide out-of-date tie. He said good morning to us every day and we gradually began to nod and talk to each other.
One morning he had a bunch of wild flowers in his hand. The driver turned around smilingly and asked: "Have you got yourself a girlfriend, Charlie?" The man nodded shyly and said yes. Every morning after that Charlie always brought a flower.
The summer went by when one morning Charlie wasn't waiting at his usual stop. When he wasn't there the new day and the day after that, we started wondering if he was sick or – hopefully – on holiday somewhere, Later we were told one of his very close friends had died at the weekend. How silent we were the rest of the way to work. The next Monday Charlie was waiting at the stop, a little bit more grey. Inside the bus was a silence similar to that in a church. Even though no one had talked about it, all those of us sat with our eyes filled with tears and a bunch of wild flowers in our hands.

  1. 1.

    From the first paragraph we can inter that the passengers ____.

    1. A.
      had a cheerful trip every morning
    2. B.
      didn't know each other
    3. C.
      seldom talked to each other
    4. D.
      talked and laughed on the way
  2. 2.

    Why were some of the passengers amazed when the old man greeted them?

    1. A.
      Because he looked energetic.
    2. B.
      Because he spoke in a loud voice.
    3. C.
      Because he was holding some flowers.
    4. D.
      Because they hardly greeted each other.
  3. 3.

    How did the passengers feel when Charlie was not there the next day?

    1. A.
      Concerned.
    2. B.
      Pleased.
    3. C.
      Surprised.
    4. D.
      Disappointed.
  4. 4.

    The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph most probably refers to ____.

    1. A.
      the reach for his not taking the bus
    2. B.
      the death of one of his very close friends
    3. C.
      the reach for his looking more grey
    4. D.
      the silence on the bus

Students who work during term time to support themselves at university are far more likely to graduate with a poor degree, according to a government-funded study published yesterday.
Undergraduates with part-time jobs are a third less likely to get a first or upper second-class degree than other students, harming their career chances. Students from the poorest backgrounds were most likely to take jobs during term because they could not depend on help from their parents.
The report, commissioned (委托) by the Department for Education and Skills, also found a clear relation between fear of debt and employment in non-graduate jobs. Students from poorer backgrounds are known to he more unwilling to be in debt than those from middle class families.
The study of 8,600 people who graduated in 1999 was made by Peter Elias, of Warwick University, and Kate Purcell, from Bristol Business School. They found that twice as many first-class degrees were awarded to students who did not work during term compared with those who did. Between 35 and 38 percent who worked during term achieved a lower second, compared with about 28 percent of those who did not.
Professor Elias said that the increase in school fees next year to £3,000 would have to be monitored (监控) carefully for its effect on poorer students. "Higher education is going to be a harder struggle for those who do not come with all the advantages," he said.
He suggested that universities could get in touch with employers to provide work experience on good salaries to choose students during holidays, so that they did not have to work during term.

  1. 1.

    What's the main idea of the passage?

    1. A.
      Students at university like to take part-time jobs to support themselves,
    2. B.
      Term-time jobs at university lead to poorer examination results.
    3. C.
      The school fees are becoming higher and higher at university.
    4. D.
      Students at university have much difficulty getting first-class degrees.
  2. 2.

    Why did lots of students take term-jobs at university?

    1. A.
      No one would lend them money to continue their study.
    2. B.
      They wanted to improve themselves by taking part-time jobs,
    3. C.
      Their families were poor and couldn't afford the high expense.
    4. D.
      They thought earning money was more important than studying.
  3. 3.

    Students who took term-jobs at university ____.

    1. A.
      had no possibility to study better than those who didn't
    2. B.
      couldn't graduate from school normally in the future
    3. C.
      might have trouble in finding a job in the future
    4. D.
      were more independent than those who didn't in the future
  4. 4.

    Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

    1. A.
      Poor students can't take part-time jobs all the time at university.
    2. B.
      Employers have the duty to help poor students solve the money problem.
    3. C.
      First class degrees couldn't be given to the students whose families were poor.
    4. D.
      High school fees are one of the important reasons why students have to take term-jobs.

Katie always felt there had to be something more to life than just partying, buying clothes and driving a cool car. She finally discovered what she was missing out on when she traveled halfway around the world to help poor kids.
When she was 14, she discovered a club at school called Operation Smile, an organization that supports free operation for facially deformed kids in developing countries. At that time, she joined Operation Smile just to satisfy her school's community service requirement.
After working with Operation Smile for a while, she learned different countries have different deformities (畸形). The more she learned about what affects kids around the world, the more she wanted to go abroad with Operation Smile.
At 15, she was chosen to go abroad. She was so happy – even though she didn't realize what she was getting herself into. Before her trip, she attended a weekend "mission training". That's when she was told she'd be going to the Philippines. Although she was excited, one night during training, she broke down in tears. She didn't know if she was prepared to see all these unfortunate kids. She was put to work three days after her arrival in the Philippines. Her first day was at the hospital, where she met those kids waiting for operation, and they were running around and happy, it seemed normal. Her job was to play with the kids before their operation to help them feel more at ease. She also went to nearby schools to hand out toothbrushes and teach students how to brush their teeth.
When their operation was over, the kids were always overjoyed, but their parents were blown away. Sometimes they couldn't even recognize their kids because their appearances had improved so much. They'd cry and hug the doctors and nurses and give them presents--they were so grateful.

  1. 1.

    Why did the author join the Operation Smile?

    1. A.
      To help poor kids in developing countries,
    2. B.
      To satisfy her own curiosity.
    3. C.
      To do what was required by the school.
    4. D.
      To operate on those unfortunate kids.
  2. 2.

    According to the passage, Operation Smile ____.

    1. A.
      is a club popular with students
    2. B.
      is an organization founded by students
    3. C.
      helps those unfortunate kids learn how to smile
    4. D.
      offers operation for those unfortunate kids free of charge
  3. 3.

    Why did the author play with those kids in hospital?

    1. A.
      To make them happy.
    2. B.
      To learn more shout them.
    3. C.
      To teach them how to brush their teeth.
    4. D.
      To make them feel relaxed about the operation.
  4. 4.

    After the operation, parents felt surprised for their kids' had improved so much.

    1. A.
      health condition
    2. B.
      looks
    3. C.
      smile
    4. D.
      mood

A mum saved her daughter’s life with her newly learned first aid skills. Sonya Hall, 33, of Denny Avenue, Lancaster, had only just attended one first aid class the day before when she found herself needing to use the skills on her three year old daughter Tilly.
Sonya, who also has son Emmen, six, attended the first aid course at Lune Park Children’s Centre in Lancaster. Then she was faced with every parent’s worst nightmare when Tilly went blue in the face and stopped breathing. But thanks to her newly acquired skills, Sonya saved Tilly’s life.
Sonya said: “Tilly was playing with her brother and they were fighting over a toy. Emmen won the fight. Tilly fell backwards and her head was hit. She was face down and shaking and at first I thought she was upset. But then I saw she was blue in the face and had stopped breathing. I reacted without thinking and immediately started using the first aid skills I had learned the day before which were so fresh in my mind. I began doing mouth-to-mouth and chest compressions (胸外按压). It probably took about a minute before Tilly started breathing again, but to me it felt like a lifetime.”
After getting Tilly breathing again, Sonya called an ambulance and the doctors came. Since then, Tilly has been diagnosed (诊断) with Reflex Anoxic Seizure (反射缺氧发作). Sonya said: “The seizure can happen when there’s any unexpected pain, fear or fright. It is just so lucky that the day before it happened, I had been practising first aid.”
The Empowering Parents First Aid course is run by Lancashire Adult Learning. Sonya said: “I am just so glad I did the course and learnt the first aid skills. I always feared I would not know what to do in a crisis situation, but luckily I had the knowledge and skills to deal with it.” 

  1. 1.

    What happened to Tilly?

    1. A.
      She was knocked down by her brother.
    2. B.
      She fell on the floor and hit her head.
    3. C.
      She was hit by a toy on the head and felt upset.
    4. D.
      She was hit by her brother and stopped breathing.
  2. 2.

    When Sonya found Tilly’s shaking, she thought her daughter must ______.

    1. A.
      be crying
    2. B.
      be very angry
    3. C.
      pretend to be hurt
    4. D.
      recognize her failure
  3. 3.

    When Sonya goes to the first aid class next time, she will feel ______.

    1. A.
      enjoyable
    2. B.
      excited
    3. C.
      grateful
    4. D.
      confident
  4. 4.

    What would be the best title for the text?  

    1. A.
      The importance of first aid
    2. B.
      How to practise first aid
    3. C.
      Mum saves girl with first aid
    4. D.
      Mums should attend first aid courses

Thomas Edison was one of ten said to be the greatest genius(天才) of his age. There are only a few men in all of the history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be happy only because someone said he was a genius.“ There is no such thing as genius,” Edison said. He said that what people called genius was mostly hard work.
But Edison was a dreamer as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature, he often said, is full of secrets. He tried to understand them; then, he tried to learn what could usefully be done with them.
Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people will do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking can give men enjoyment and pleasure.
Edison could not understand how anyone could be uninterested in life. As he loved to think, he also loved to work. On the day he became 75 years old, someone asked him what ideas he had about life. “Work,” he answered. “Discovering the secrets of nature and using them to make men happier.” He said he had enough inventions in his mind to give him another 100 years of work.

  1. 1.

    Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

    1. A.
      Edison invented the electric light.
    2. B.
      Many other people have changed Edison’s life.
    3. C.
      Edison has changed the life of many other people.
    4. D.
      Few men in history can change other people’s life.
  2. 2.

    Edison thought ____________.

    1. A.
      he could be happy if he was a genius
    2. B.
      genius plays the most important part in one’s success
    3. C.
      hard work could do better than genius
    4. D.
      genius could do better than hard work
  3. 3.

    In Edison’s opinion, ____________.

    1. A.
      thinking can supply people with enjoyment and pleasure as well as help
    2. B.
      people’s successs lies mostly in genius
    3. C.
      hard work is the second important thing in making people successful
    4. D.
      there are few secrets for him to discover later
  4. 4.

    The last sentence in the passage most probably implies(暗示) ____________.

    1. A.
      life is too short for Edison to invent more for human beings
    2. B.
      Edison made 100 inventions in his life
    3. C.
      Edison was able to live and work for 100 years
    4. D.
      People of his time were ready to give Edison another 100 years’ work

Henry was a carpenter of our village. Once I asked him to make a table for my family. A week later, Henry sent us the table and the bill as well.
My wife said to me, "It's a beautiful table, dear, isn't it?"
"I won't decide about that until I see the bill." I said.
Henry was drinking a glass of water. He laughed and gave me a piece of paper. It said,
Bill
One dining table                 June 10, 2011
Cost of wood                       17.00
Paint                               1.50
Work, 8 hours (1 an hour)             8.00
Total(总计)                         36.50
When I was looking at the bill, Henry said," It's a fine day, isn't it? Quite sunny."
"Yes," I said. "I'm glad it is only the 10th of June."
"Me too, " said Henry." You wait. It will be a bit hotter by the end of the month."
"Yes, hotter and more expensive. The table will be 20 more expensive on June 30th, won't they, Henry? " I said, "If it isn't too much trouble, please add it up again. You can forget the date."
"OK, man. You are such a guy." Henry said with a smile in his two blue eyes, and he left with the money he should get.

  1. 1.

    The table was made of __________.

    1. A.
      Wood
    2. B.
      glass
    3. C.
      Paper
    4. D.
      chair
  2. 2.

    The bill showed 36.50 in all because Henry __________.

    1. A.
      didn’t do well in math
    2. B.
      was an honest carpenter
    3. C.
      added the date to the bill
    4. D.
      was not a carpenter
  3. 3.

    In Henry’s opinion the write was a __________ guy.

    1. A.
      smart and careful
    2. B.
      silly and lazy
    3. C.
      rich and hardworking
    4. D.
      stupid and rich
  4. 4.

    From the story we know that __________.

    1. A.
      Henry got 26.5 for his work in the end
    2. B.
      The table will cost 20 more on June 30
    3. C.
      The writer paid 36.5 for the table
    4. D.
      The writer got 36.5

SHANGHAI: The Transportation Information System for 2010 Shanghai World Expo has been completed and put into trial operation, officials said yesterday.
The system which consists of three sub-systems will provide seven options to receive transportation information, including websites, transportation guides, radio and TV broadcasting, hotlines, message signs, mobile phone and enquiry machines, to satisfy tourists’ requirements for transport information in the Expo garden and around the city at all time.
Option 1: Official site for Expo traffic information
Inspired by Aichi Expo and the Beijing Olympic Games, the Shanghai event will also launch its official website of traffic information, www.jtcx.sh.cn.Mobile phone users can log on to www.jtcx.sh.cn/m.The website delivers daily traffic information as well as travel guide around Expo garden, and advocate using public transport during the event.
Option 2: Expo Transportation guide
Two portable travel guides were produced for the convenience of tourists in the Yangtze River Delta.
One mainly targets visitors from the 19 prefecture-level cities of the Yangtze River Delta.The map introduces information of intercity coach lines, car parks, subway transfers.It will be distributed free at highway tolls and is also available for download on the website.
The other one focuses on visitors in Shanghai.The map will detail the various entries leading to the Expo site, as well as bus stops and subway stations around the city.The introduction of over 90 bus lines connecting the Expo garden to the rest of the city will also be listed.The map will be available at hotels, railway stations, airports and residential areas.
Option 3: Radio and television broadcasts
Visitors can also get updated traffic information at home or on their mobile devices as the Shanghai Traffic information center will broadcast live traffic condition via radio and TV during the event, so that travelers can adjust their travel plan accordingly.
Option 4: Expo transport hotline
If radio and television broadcasts can not meet your needs of traffic information, organizers in Shanghai have also set up a special hotline for Expo traffic enquiries.There will be two hotline numbers 962010 and 12319 at your service twenty-four hours.
Option 5: Variable message signs
For drivers the variable message signs will become the first choice to access to traffic information.During the Expo, the signs will play an important role in helping drivers to receive traffic flow, speed, models and other information, as well as traffic incidents and road closure information, so as to avoid congestion.
Option 6: Mobile phone browsers and taxi terminals
Visitors can obtain real-time traffic conditions via mobile phone browsers.Traffic information will also be provided to car mounted terminals on the 4,000 Expo taxis, which will enable drivers to have timely access to real-time status on roads.
Option 7: Touch screen enquiry machine
As for visitors who stay at hotels who are unfamiliar with the place, the tourism bureau have set up in more than four hundred 3-star hotels the Tourist Information enquiry machine.Visitors can check at terminal routes to Expo garden from the hotels.

  1. 1.

    Which of the following is the best title of the passage above?

    1. A.
      Seven ways to get Expo transportation info
    2. B.
      Information on the move
    3. C.
      Transportation on the way             
    4. D.
      Shanghai and Expo
  2. 2.

    Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

    1. A.
      Visitors can get the map of Shanghai Expo Transportation free of charge.
    2. B.
      Visitors have access to the hotline of Expo traffic enquires only at night.
    3. C.
      Traffic drivers will be well informed of the traffic conditions on the road.
    4. D.
      Not all the 3-star hotels are equipped with the screen enquiry machines.
  3. 3.

    The underlined word “congestion” probably means ____.

    1. A.
      squeeze              
    2. B.
      jam            
    3. C.
      noise          
    4. D.
      mess
  4. 4.

    During the Shanghai Expo, tourists can know the traffic information in the following way EXCEPT ____.

    1. A.
      TV  
    2. B.
      Radio   
    3. C.
      Internet      
    4. D.
      Magazine

Everyone knows about straight-A students. We see them frequently in TV situation comedies and in movies like Revenge (报复) of the Nerds. They get high grades, all right, but only by becoming dull laborers, their noses always stuck in a book. They are not good at social communication and look clumsy while doing sports.
How, then, do we account for Domenica Roman or Paul Melendres? Roman is on the tennis team at Fairmont Senior High School. She also sings in the choral group, serves on the student council and is a member of the mathematics society. For two years she has maintained A’s in every subject. Melendres, a freshman at the University of New Mexico, was student-body president at Valley High School in Albuquerque. He played soccer and basketball well, exhibited at the science fair, and meanwhile worked as a reporter on a local television station. Being a speech giver at the graduation ceremony, he achieved straight A’s in his regular classes, plus bonus points for A’s in two college-level courses.
How do super-achievers like Roman and Melendres do it? Brains aren’t the only answer. “Top grades don’t always go to the brightest students,” declares Herbert Walberg, a professor of education at the University of Illinois at Chicago, who has conducted major studies on super-achieving students. “Knowing how to make full use of your innate (天生的) abilities counts for more. Much more.”
In fact, Walberg says, students with high IQ sometimes don’t do as well as classmates with lower IQ. For them, learning comes too easily and they never find out how to get down. Hard work isn’t the whole story, either. “It’s not how long you sit there with the books open,” said one of the many-A students we interviewed. “It’s what you do while you’re sitting.” Indeed, some of these students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their lower-scoring classmates.
The kids at the top of the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that others can readily learn

  1. 1.

    The underlined word “nerds” in paragraph 1 can probably be ________

    1. A.
      dull bookworms lacking sports and social skills
    2. B.
      successful top students popular with their peers
    3. C.
      students with certain learning difficulties
    4. D.
      born leaders crazy about social activities
  2. 2.

    What can we conclude from the first paragraph?

    1. A.
      Most TV programs and films are about straight-A students
    2. B.
      People have unfavorable impression on straight-A students
    3. C.
      Everyone knows about straight-A students from TV or films
    4. D.
      Straight-A students are well admired by people in the society
  3. 3.

    Some students become super-achievers mainly because ________

    1. A.
      they are born cleverer than others
    2. B.
      they work longer hours at study
    3. C.
      they make full use of their abilities
    4. D.
      they know the shortcut to success
  4. 4.

    What will be talked about after the last paragraph?

    1. A.
      The interviews with more students
    2. B.
      The role IQ plays in learning well
    3. C.
      The techniques to be better learners
    4. D.
      The achievements top students make
  5. 5.

    What can we infer from the passage?

    1. A.
      IQ is more important than hard work in study
    2. B.
      The brightest students can never get low grades
    3. C.
      Top students certainly achieve all-around developments
    4. D.
      Students with average IQ can become super-achievers
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