Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, “In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?

First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn’t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.

Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.

After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.

Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn’t, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.

There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn’t mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, “64% of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75% of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92% of the students felt better about themselves”. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.

71. This article is mainly about              .

A. the lives of school children         B. the cause of arguments in schools

C. how to deal with school conflicts       D. how to analyze youth violence 

72. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that              .

A. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime

B. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight

C. students tend to lose their temper easily

D. a small conflict can lead to violence

73. Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?

A. To make clear what the real issue is.    B. To get ready to try new things.

C. To find out who is to blame.         

D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match.

74. After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that           .

A. more teachers felt better about themselves in schools

B. there was a decrease in classroom violence

C. there was less student cooperation in the classroom

D. the teacher-student relationship greatly improved

75. The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to             .

A. complain about problems in school education

B. teach students different strategies for school life

C. advocate teaching conflict management in schools

D. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence

Even when you’re extremely busy, you aren’t using your time with 100% efficiency. There are gaps in everyone’s schedule where they aren’t doing anything important. Even if your schedule has no gaps, there is probably lots of time where you aren’t working as fast or as effectively as you possibly could.

Why aren’t you completely efficient? It’s because time isn’t the limiting factor. If it were the limiting factor, people could work non-stop without breaks or any unproductive distractions(消遣). Instead, people, even those who are highly productive, need to take breaks, occasionally procrastinate(拖延) and slow down on tasks throughout the day.

The real and most important limiting factor for productivity is your energy levels to pay attention. Energy levels limit your productivity because when you’re tired, you can have ample time and still not get everything done. Your attention ability is also limited, because even if there are a million things that need to be done, you can only focus on one or two at a time.

You might not be able to insert another 4-5 hours into your schedule without making some sacrifices. But even extremely busy people can add an hour or two into their schedule without cancelling anything. The reason it’s hard to “find time” isn’t a lack of time. It’s because you don’t have enough energy left to focus on something else that needs to fit into your day.

I first suspected time wasn’t the real problem during an extremely busy period in my life over a year ago. I was insanely （发疯地）busy, but at that time I still exercised regularly. I had daily to-do lists with over twenty items, and I still found time to exercise. However, after a few weeks off, due to illness, I stopped exercising. I was not busy by any standards, in fact, my schedule was incredibly light. Despite this free time, I found it hard to find time to exercise. It seemed to get pushed later and later into my schedule until it was gone. How can I explain this odd experience? I believe you have known it.

66. If someone can’t work with 100% efficiency, the most important limiting factor is ________.

A．a schedule without gaps              B．breaks and distractions

C．the limited time                       D．the limited energy

67. According to paragraph 4, everyone, including the extremely busy people, can ___________.

A．work without any rest                 B．focus on many things at a time

C．find some more time in a day        D．do some exercise regularly

68. After a few weeks off, what was the change of the writer’s life?

A．He had a longer daily to-do lists with over twenty items.

B．He stopped doing exercise because of the lack of energy.

C．He found it hard to find time to exercise because he was busier.

D．He pushed most of the things later and later in his schedule.

69. The writer gives the example of himself in the last paragraph in order to ___________.

A．prove what the real limiting factor is    

B．show us how busily he needs to work

C．explain how important a healthy body is    

D．tell us what an odd experience he has

70. What is the best title of the passage?

A．Are You Really Lack of Time?          B．How Can You Work Efficiently?

C．What Makes Your Energy Limited?       D．When Should You Do Exercise?

The United Nations is warning that the world is not prepared to deal with the fast growth of cities. The World Economic and Social Survey 2013 calls for new ways to meet the needs of city populations. More than 6.5 billion people are expected to be living in cities by 2050.

Most new city dwellers(居民) will be in developing countries. The United Nations says the effect on limited resources in many countries will be huge. The World Economic and Social Survey points to the increasing demand for energy, water, sanitation, public services, education and health care.

The world population is expected to rise to more than nine billion by 2050, two-thirds of all people are expected to live in cities. The United Nations says about 80 percent of this growing urban population will be found in Africa and Asia.

The report says sustainable development of urban areas requires coordination and investments to deal with important issues, these include land-use, food security, job creation and transportation.

Willem Van Der Geest is with the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, he says cities need to work closely with rural communities, so that food supplies can be secured, and the environment can be protected.

"We need enough integration(整合，融合) with cities... An integration between the rural and urban economies is absolutely vital for issues of nutrition, food security, and environmental sustainability."

The report says development in a sustainable（可持续发展）way is important to end poverty. The report also examines the problem of food insecurity, which affects hundreds of millions of people around the world. One in eight people still severely lack nutrition.

UN officials say some things are clear. The Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Development, Shamshad Akhtar, says world food production will have to increase by 70%, that increase will be needed to feed the additional 2.3 billion people expected on the planet by the middle of the century. She says an important part of meeting that need is to waste less food. "There has to be efforts to reduce food wastage. ."

Food and nutrition security are core elements of the sustainable development agenda(议程).

61.What’s the attitude of the United Nations to the fast growth of cities?

  A.indifferent       B.concerned          C.negative        D.angry

62. The survey includes the following statements except that ______.

   A. varieties of demands are hard to meet because of the increasing population in Africa and Asia.

   B. one way to put an end to poverty is to be able to develop for a long time.

   C. transportation is an important issue to deal with when it comes to sustainable development of urban areas.

   D. hundreds of millions of people around the world are affected by the problem of food insecurity.

63. From the passage we can infer that ______.

   A. cities grow so fast that the world can’t find out new ways to deal with the growing population.

   B. the growing city dwellers who mainly come from the developing countries greatly challenge limited resources in the world.

   C. sustainable development of urban areas requires coordination and investments to deal with important issues

   D. food wastage is an effective way to feed the additional 2.3 billion people by the middle of the century.

64. What is the best title of the passage?

   A. The World Economic and Social Survey 2013.

   B. City Population Will Increase to 9 Billion.

   C. Cities Need to Cooperate with Rural Areas.

   D. The World Is Not Prepared to Deal with the Fast Growth of Cities.

65. The passage is chosen from ______.

   A. a textbook         B. a travel guide         C. a novel           D. a newspaper

Australia's Opera House and Harbor Bridge are going to be joined by a new landmark after the local government approved a £330 million, l5-hectare (公顷) Chinese-themed park including a full-sized copy of the gates to Beijing's Forbidden City. The park, to be built in Wyong Shire, about 50 miles north of Sydney, will also have a nine-story temple housing a giant Buddha and a mini-city modeled on Chinese water towns.

The local mayor (市长), Doug Eaton, said the park, to be finished by 2020, is going to become one of the country's main tourist attractions. "Outside the Opera House and Harbor Bridge, this has the potential to be among the biggest tourist attractions in the state," he said, "What this project will do is turn the Wyong Shire into a tourist attraction and bring millions of dollars worth of tourism into the area, which will have a lasting effect on the local development."

The local government has agreed to sell the land to the Australian Chinese Theme Park Pty Ltd., the private company behind the project. Construction will begin with the building of the Forbidden City gates in 2015.

The park will also include a section in the architectural style of the Tang and Song dynasties and another in the style of the Ming and Qing dynasties. It will have a 1000-seat theatre, restaurants and function halls, and a children's section devoted to pandas.

"It is going to be a unique S500 million tourist attraction, employing more than a thousand people and bringing a bright future to Wyong Shire," said Bruce Zhong, chairman of the ACTP. The project is designed to take advantage of Chinese tourist market.

56. ______ is the symbol today in Australia.

A. The Forbidden City gates          

B. Opera House as well as Harbor Bridge

C. Chinese-themed park with a temple

D. A theme park as well as Opera House and Harbor Bridge

57. Which of the following is true according to the text?

A. The park will cost 500 million pounds to build in Wyong Shire.

B. All the buildings in the park to be built will copy Chinese water towns.

C. It will have positive influence on the economy in and around Wyong Shire.

D. Persons will not be afraid of unemployment.

58. There will stand the followings in the park EXCEPT ______.

A. a square    B. a theatre     C. some restaurants      D. a temple

59.When can people visit the Chinese-themed Park ?

A. in 2014    B in.2015         C. in 2020           D.2018

60..The purpose of this project is to ______

A. collect more money            B. copy the gates to Beijing Forbidden City

C. attract more Chinese visitors   D. bring some profit to the Chinese government

We often talk about ourselves as if we have permanent genetic defects (缺陷) that can never be changed. “I’m impatient.” “I’m always behind.” “I always put things 　36 !” You’ve surely heard them. Maybe you’ve used them to describe 　37 .

These comments may come from stories about us that have been 　38 for years—often from 　39 childhood. These stories may have no 　40 in fact. But they can set low expectations for us. As a child, my mother said to me, “Marshall, you have no mechanical (操作机械的) skills, and you will never have any mechanical skills for the rest of your life.” How did these expectations 　41 my development? I was never 　42 to work on cars or be around 　43 . When I was 18, I took the US Army’s Mechanical Aptitude Test. My scores were in the bottom for the entire nation!

Six years later, 　44 , I was at California University, working on my doctor’s degree. One of my professors, Dr. Bob Tannbaum, asked me to write down things I did well and things I couldn’t do. On the positive side, I 　45　 down, “research, writing, analysis, and speaking.” On the 　46 side, I wrote, “I have no mechanical skills.”

Bob asked me how I knew I had no mechanical skills. I explained my life 　47 and told him about my 　48 performance on the Army test. Bob then asked, “ 49 is it that you can solve 　50 mathematical problems, but you can’t solve simple mechanical problems?”

Suddenly I realized that I didn’t 　51 from some sort of genetic defect. I was just living out expectations that I had chosen to 　52 . At that point, it wasn’t just my family and friends who had been 　53 my belief that I was mechanically hopeless. And it wasn’t just the Army test, either. I was the one who kept telling myself, “You can’t do this!” I realized that as long as I kept saying that, it was going to remain true. 　54 , if we don’t treat ourselves as if we have incurable genetic defects, we can do well in almost 　55 we choose.

36. A. away 　 B. down 　　　　　　　 C. up 　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. off

37. A. yourself 　 　 B. myself 　　　　　　　　　 C. them 　　　　　　　　　　 D. others

38. A. said 　　　 B. repeated 　　　　　　　 C. spread 　　　　　　　 D. spoken

39. A. as long as 　　 B. as much as 　　　　　 C. as well as 　　　　　 D. as far back as

40. A. cause 　　　　　　 B. plot 　　　　　　　 C. basis 　　　　　　　　　　 D. meaning

41. A. affect 　　　　　　 B. improve 　　　 C. lead 　　　　　　　 　 D. change

42. A. hoped　　　 　 B. demanded 　　　　　 C. encouraged 　 　 D. agreed

43. A. means 　　　　　 B. hammers 　　　 C. facilities 　 D. tools

44. A. therefore 　　　 B. however 　　　　 　 C. instead 　　　　　　　　 D. somehow

45. A. took　 　　　　　 B. turned 　　　　　　　　 C. settled 　　　　　　　　 D. got

46. A. negative 　　　　 B. active 　　　　　　　　 C. passive 　　　　　　　　 D. subjective

47. A. roads　　　 　 B. trips 　　　　　　　　　　 C. experiences 　　　　 D. paths

48. A. unexpected 　 B. average 　　　　　　　 C. excellent 　　　　　　 D. poor

49. A. When　 　　　　 B. Why　 　　　　　　　　　 C. How 　　　　　　　 D. What

50. A. common 　　　　 B. advanced 　　　　　 C. complex　　　　　　　　 D. primary

51. A. suffer 　　　　　 B. separate 　　　　　　 C. arise 　　　　　　　　　　 D. come

52. A. adopt　 　　　　　 B. suspect 　　　　　　　 C. believe 　　　　　　　 D. receive

53. A. weakening 　　 B. accepting　 　　　　 C. abandoning 　　　 D. strengthening

54. A. As a result 　　 B. On the contrary 　 C. In addition 　　　　　 D. At the same time

55. A. nothing 　　　　 B. something 　　　　　 C. anything 　　　　　　　 D. all

 We became good friends quickly, ______our life experiences couldn’t have been   

more different.
A. as long as      B. as though     C. in case         D. even though

 Tom took a taxi to the airport, only 　　　 his plane high up in the sky.

A.finding       B.to find   C.being found         D.to have found

 If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but　　　an even greater challenge.

A. to meet            B.meeting          C.meet         D. meets

 We’ve had a good start,but next,more work needs 　　　 to achieve the final success.

A.being done           B.do             C.       to do             D. to be done

She has already tried her best. Please don’t be too_______ about her job.

A.particular      B．responsible      C．unusual D．special