【题目】Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Measles (麻疹) breaks out in the Northwest

The U.S. is experiencing outbreaks of measles, a disease it had declared eliminated years ago, largely due to a drop in vaccination (接种疫苗) rates in some communities.

An outbreak in Washington state has sickened 23 people this month, mostly children under 10. Local health officials in Clark County, declared a public-health 1 on Friday. They also urged residents to track 2 symptoms and call ahead before heading to medical centers.

State officials announced the 3 of measles from the U.S. in 2000, thanks to a widespread vaccination program. But travelers entering the country with measles, as well as dropping vaccination rates in some states in recent years, has led to a rise in infection. Last year, there were a total of 17 outbreaks, 4 as three or more cases linked together, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. New York and New Jersey 5 for roughly half of the 2018 cases. The Clark County outbreak began early last week with three confirmed cases and has since grown to 23 confirmed and two more 6. Of those cases, 20 were unvaccinated and the others are unconfirmed.

Measles is highly 7; the virus spreads through the air by coughing or sneezing, the CDC says. Early 8 include a high fever, cough, runny nose and red, watery eyes, followed by tiny, white spots inside the mouth and the red, bumpy rash (疹子) that people 9 associate with the infection. Children younger than 5 or adults older than 20 are more likely to suffer from complications, according to the CDC.

In order to prevent the further spread of the outbreak, local health officials are posting times and places where residents may have been exposed. They are urging residents who haven’t been vaccinated to 10 whether they have been exposed and to take appropriate action.

【题目】 Families should reduce exposure to synthetic chemicals found in food colorings, preservatives and packaging materials as a growing body of research shows they may harm children’s health, according to a policy statement and technical report from the American Academy of Pediastrics released online.

The statement also suggests improvements to the food additives regulatory system, including updating the scientific foundation of the U.S. Food and Drug Administrations safety assessment retesting all previously approved chemicals.

Leonard Trasande ,the author of the policy statement, to tell us more about these concerns.

Q: What are the growing number of studies showing us?

A: Over the past two decades, an accumulating body of science suggests some food additives can interfere with a child’s hormones, growth and development.

Potentially harmful effects of food additives are of special concern for children because they are more sensitive to chemical exposures because they eat and drink more relative to body weight, than adults do and are still growing and developing. An early injury to their organ systems can have lifelong and permanent consequences.

Q: What additives does the statement highlight?

A: The additives of most concern, based on rising research evidence cited in the report, include:

Bisphenols, such as BPA, used to harden plastic containers and line metal cans, can act like estrogen(雌激素)in the body which may potentially change the timing of puberty, decrease fertility, increase body fat and affect the nervous and immune systems. BPA is now banned in baby bottles.

Phthalates, which make plastic and vinyl tubes used in industrial food production flexible, may affect male genital development increase childhood obesity and contribute to cardiovascular disease. In 2017, the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the use or some phthalates in child-care products such as teething rings.

1According to the American Academy of Pediatric’s report, people should ___ to cope with the problem of food additives.

A. try to avoid food additives in daily life and revise relevant rules on food additives

B. update the food safety assessment program and check the approved chemicals again

C. improve the food additives regulatory system and retest all approved chemicals

D. reduce the usage of food additives and establish new food protection system

2Leonardo Trasande holds the view that food additives do more harm to children than adults because study shows ___.

A. children are more sensitive to what they eat and drink than adults

B. children usually eat and drink more unhealthy food than adults

C. children are just too young and weak to protect themselves

D. children’s organs are easier to be damaged and hard to recover

3How many specific kinds of harmful effect caused by the additives are mentioned in the passage?

A. 2B. 7

C. 8D. 3

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