【题目】阅读理解
D
A buld-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it's an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5' 5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.
To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher's productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.
The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won't have to break down the still every time you need a drink.
（1）What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?
A.It's delicate.
B.It's expensive.
C.It's complex.
D.It's portable
（2）What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The tube
B.The still
C.The hole
D.The cup
（3）What's the last step of constructing a working solar still?
A.Dig a hole of a certain size
B.Put the cup in place
C.Weight the sheet's center down
D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet
（4）When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form.
A.the plastic tube
B.outside the hole
C.the open air
D.beneath the sheet

A. studied B. has studied

C. had studied D. has been

—Yes. It can’t be .

A. any worse B. any better

C. so well D. so bad

A．as much as B．as many as

C．as much D．as many

Help Hermit Crabs

Hermit crabs are nature’s recyclers. They eat waste and help keep oceans and shores clean. Unlike other crabs, the hermit crab has a thin outer shell over its soft tail. This makes the hermit crab easy prey for hungry predators (天敌). Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashells. A hermit crab is picky (狡猾); it tries on many shells until it finds one that fits just right. In recent years, however, many hermit crabs have had trouble finding their perfect homes. What is the problems There are not enough shells to go around!

One reason for the seashell shortage is that ocean water is not as clean as it once was. This has caused chemical changes to sea water. Some sea animals, like snails, are affected by these changes. Now there are fewer snails making shells. People visiting the beach often take shells home as souvenirs (纪念品). This is another problem. Other people even take shells for their own pet hermit crabs! They do not realize that hermit crabs in the wild need those shells too.

Now people are working to solve this hermit crab housing shortage. They are teaching beach-Boers to leave seashells where they belong--at the seashore! Some people even make fake seashells that they hope the hermit crabs will like. For example, a group called Project Shelter invited people who visited their website to create different designs for hermit crab shells.

These designers had a lot to consider. What kind of material should be used to build a seashells. The material must be light enough for the hermit crab to carry, but strong enough to protect the crab from predators. The man-made shells could not contain glue or any other substance (物质) that might harm a hermit crab. Another challenge with building a hermit crab home was the opening to the shell. Too big would mean the crab would not feel safe. Too small would be uncomfortable, and the crab would not want to move in.

The Project Shelter shells are placed in the wild for hermit crabs to find. Lucky hermit crabs can move into these new dream homes.

假设你是交换生李华，在网上看到hermit crabs的文章。请你给当地居民写一封倡议信。

内容包括：1.介绍hermit crabs遭遇的困境；

2. 提出倡议并说明理由。

I am Li Hua.an exchange student from China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. Preparations begin a week before the festival. First, the house is 【1】 from top to bottom. People say it is to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year.

Next, the Chinese 【2】 Fu is attached upside down to the front door. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.

The greatest excitement begins the night before Spring Festival. Fireworks are let off 【3】 the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. Children will 【4】 their ears but with an expectant look on their faces. It is 【5】 to scare away the monster Nian. Then people sit together to enjoy Jiaozi. They are a sign of our wishes for 【6】 and happiness in the coming year.

This is Spring Festival—the joy of a family gathering.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

In my spare time, I often read some books written by famous writers in or abroad. I ever read China’s Four Great Classical novel such as The Journey to the West. Beside, I enjoy reading Poetry of the Tang History.

I have been veiling from I was nine years old. I am remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of becoming writer. They laughed out happy when they read the short story I write about robots. They think that my story is well worth read and that I am good at writing. I believe I will achieve their dream.

A Night The Earth Didn't Sleep

On July 28，1976，a magnitude 7. 8 earthquake hit the sleeping city of Tangshan in northeastern China. The very large earthquake killed over 240, 000people，making it the deadliest earthquake of the twentieth century.

In a village outside of Tangshan，well water rose and fell three times the day before the earthquake.Water pipes throughout the area cracked and 【1】 .Animals also gave a warning that something was about to happen.Chickens and pigs were too nervous to eat. Mice ran around looking for a place to 【2】 .A goldfish began jumping wildly in its bowl. Stranger Indeed.Many people reported seeing strange lights as well as hearing 【3】，which was described as louder than that of an airplane.

At 3:42 a. m. on July 28，over a million people lay sleeping. As the earth began to shake，it seemed as if the world was 【4】.One-third of the nation felt it.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in 【5】.Two-thirds of people died or were 【6】during the earthquake.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.All of the city's hospitals，75%of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. 【7】 were faced with no water，no food，and no electricity.People were shocked.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.Some of the 【8】workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.

All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150, 000 soldiers and thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to 【9】 those who were trapped and to bury the dead.Workers built 【10】 for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Fresh water was taken to the city by train，truck and plane. Though it took time，the entire city was rebuilt，earning Tangshan the name“Brave City of China.”

The very large earthquake killed over 240, 000 people，making it the deadliest earthquake of the twentieth century.

【11】

Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.

【12】

First，Benito became a servant for a wealthy gentleman，Serer Maza. Soon，he went to work for Antonio Salanueva ,a church(教会)librarian.Antonio repaired and copied the library books，keeping them in good shape. Benito became his helper and his housekeeper.Antonio loved to teach.Benito soon became his student as well as his servant.With the help of Antonio，Benito learned to speak，read，and write Spanish.

At that time in Mexico，many people believed that Indians were not smart enough to read or learn.Antonio knew that was not true.Indians had been prevented from learning by a lack of schools. The first Spanish missionaries(传教士)who came to Mexico had educated the native people. In fact，churches from Spain had built the first college on the North American continent(大陆)for the Indians. As more Spanish came to Mexico，however，the Indian children were crowded out of the schools.

Benito was a good and bright student，so Antonio developed a plan for him. In 1821，when Benito was fifteen，Antonio decided to enroll him in a school for boys.Antonio taught Benito what he needed to pass the entrance test for the school.

Benito became a student at the college.His studies were difficult，and he was teased because he was the only Indian student there.He succeeded in spite of these challenges.Later，as the laws changed，Benito was able to attend a public college with other Indians.

Benito Juarez continued his education and became a lawyer and，much later，the President of Mexico from 1861 to 1872. He led the Mexican people to victory over the French，who tried to rule Mexico，and fought for the rights of Indians. He is one of the great heroes in Mexican history.

【1】When Benito first arrived in the city of Oaxaca，he_______.

A. lost touch with his family B. got the language problem

C. studied in a church library D. lived in the mountain

【2】According to the passage，Antonio was a_______.

A. good teacher B. rich gentleman

C. strict housekeeper D. helpful villager

【3】In Mexico，many Indian children couldn't get an education，because_______.

A. they were less smart B. there were not enough schools

C. there were too many native people D. they were too poor to go to school

【4】What should be put into the timeline?

A. Became a lawyer. B. Attended a public college.

C. Be the only Indian student. D. Elected to be the President.

【5】What is probably the best title of the passage?

A. A young student in Mexico. B. Fighting for the rights.

C. A bright Mexican educator. D. Born to be a servant.

Large gatherings such as weddings and conferences can be socially overwhelming. Pressure to learn people’s names only adds to the stress. A new facial-recognition app could come to the rescue, but privacy experts recommend proceeding with caution.

The app, called SocialRecall, connects names with faces via smartphone cameras and facial recognition, potentially avoiding the need for formal introductions. “It breaks down these social barriers we all have when meeting somebody,” says Barry Sandrew, who created the app and tested it at an event attended by about 1,000 people.

After receiving an invitation to download SocialRecall from an event organizer, the user is asked to take two selfies and sign in via social media. At the event, the app is active within a previously defined geographical area. When a user points his or her phone camera at an attendee’s face, the app identifies the individual, displays the person’s name, and links to his or her social media profile. To protect privacy, it recognizes only those who have agreed to participate. And the app's creators say it automatically deletes users’ data after an event.

Ann Cavoukian, a privacy expert who runs the Privacy by Design Center of Excellence praises the app’s creators for these protective measures. She cautions, however, that when people choose to share their personal information with the app, they should know that “there may be unintended consequences down the road with that information being used in another context that might come back to bite you.”

The start-up has also developed a version of the app for individuals who suffer from prosopagnosia, or “face blindness,” a condition that prevents people from recognizing individuals they have met. To use this app, a person first acquires an image of someone’s face, from either the smartphone’s camera or a photograph, and then tags it with a name. When the camera spots that same face in real life, the previously entered information is displayed. The collected data are stored only on a user’s phone, according to the team behind the app.

【1】SocialRecall is used to ________.

A. take photosB. identify people

C. organize eventsD. make friends

【2】Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.

A. how the app works

B. how the app was created

C. what makes the app popular

D. what people can do with the app

【3】SocialRecall helps people with prosopagnosia by ________.

A. giving names to the photos kept in their smartphones

B. collecting information previously entered in the phone

C. providing the information of a person when they first meet

D. showing the person’s information when it spots a stored face

【4】What can we learn about SocialRecall from the passage?

A. It may put people’s privacy at risk.

B. It has caused unintended consequences.

C. It can prevent some communication disorders.

D. It is praised by users for its protective measures.