【题目】 Let us all raise a glass to AlphaGo and the advance of artificial intelligence. AlphaGo

DeepMind’s Go-playing AIjust defeated the best Go-playing humanLee Sedol. But as we drink to its success. we should also begin trying to understand what it means for the future.

The number of possible moves in a game of Go is so huge that. in order to win against a player like Lee. AlphaGo was designed to adopt a human—like style of gameplay by using a relatively recent development--deep learning. Deep learning uses large data sets“machine learning”algorithms (计算程序) and deep neural networks to teach the AI how to perform a particular set of tasks. Rather than programming complex Go rules and strategies into AlphaGoDeepMind designers taught AlphaGo to play the game by feeding it data based on typical Go moves. ThenAlphaGo played against itself, tirelessly learning from its own mistakes and improving its gameplay over time. The results speak for themselves.

Deep learning represents a shift in the relationship humans have with their technological creations. It results in AI that displays surprising and unpredictable behaviour. Commenting after his first lossLee described being shocked by an unconventional move he claimed no human would ever have made. Demis Hassabis. one of DeepMind's foundersechoed this comment“We're very pleased that AlphaGo played some quite surprising and beautiful moves. ”

Unpredictability and surprises are—or can be—a good thing. They can indicate that a system is working wellperhaps better than the humans that came before it. Such is the case with AlphaGo. Howeverunpredictability also indicates a loss of human control. That Hassabis is surprised at his creation's behaviour suggests a lack of control in the design. And though some loss of control might be fine in the context of a game such as Goit raises urgent questions elsewhere.

How much and what kind of control should we give up to AI machines? How should we design appropriate human control into AI that requires us to give up some of that very control? Is there some AI that we should just not develop if it means any loss of human control? How much of a say should corporationsgovernmentsexperts or citizens have in these matters? These important questions, and many others like themhave emerged in responsebut remain unanswered. They require humannot human - likesolutions.

So as we drink to the milestone in AI, let's also drink to the understanding that the time to answer deeply human questions about deep learning and AI is now.

1What contributes most to the unconventional move of AlphaGo in the game?

A. The capability of self-improvement.

B. The constant input of large data sets.

C. The installation of deep neutral networks.

D. The knowledge of Go rules and strategies.

2A potential danger of Al is _____.

A. the loss of human control B. the friendly relationship

C. the fierce competition D. the lack of challenge

3How should we deal with the unpredictability of AI?

A. We should stop AI machines from developing even further.

B. We should call on the government to solve these problems for us.

C. We should rely on ourselves and come up with effective solutions.

D. We should invent even more intelligent machines to solve everything.

4What's the author’s attitude towards this remarkable advance in AI?

A. Supportive. B. Optimistic.

C. Doubtful. D. Cautious.

【题目】 If you were to travel anywhere in the globe— even to visit remote tribes (部落人) who have little contact with the larger world — would people be able to read your emotions from your facial expressions and would you be able to read theirs?

Charles Darwin argued in The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals that basic facial expressions are universal — suggesting that they are hard-wired within us as the product of natural selection. In other words, you would know if someone looked happy, or sad, etc., wherever you were in the world.

Since Darwin’s day, researchers have, indeed, traveled to faraway corners of the world to test the “universality theory”. Paul Ekman, professor of psychology at UC San Francisco and inspiration for the TV show Lie To Me, reported that even Fore tribesmen of New Guinea could look at photos of people from other cultures and identify what emotions were displaying.

Since Ekman’s work, other papers have tested the universality theory and occasionally challenged it. Rachael Jack of the University of Glasgow and co-authors used computer graphics to produce facial animations (动画). They then showed these animations to 15 Western Caucasian people far away from countryside and 15 East Asian from modern cities. They were asked to divide the facial expressions into groups.

This is what they found: They did get six groups from the Western Caucasians. But the results between emotion groups from the East Asians were complexed. They believe this suggests modern cultural factors have a greater influence than before.

1Charles Darwin held the view in his book that ________.

A. facial expressions are understood by all

B. facial expressions are easy to read

C. man and animals share the same emotions

D. some facial expressions can cause confusion

2According to the third paragraph, Fore tribesmen of New Guinea ________.

A. were confused by the photos

B. read the facial expressions in wrong ways

C. could recognize the basic facial expressions

D. had different facial expressions from city people

3Since Darwin, all papers have tested the “universality theory” and _______.

A. no authors have agreed

B. all authors have found the same results

C. some papers have been lost

D. some authors have expressed different ideas

4Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

CPcentral point P1-P3: Point 1-Point 3 SP sub-point C: Conclusion

A. B.

C. D.

【题目】 Whether you’re a grandparent who takes care of the little ones once or twice a week and is looking for interesting ways to keep them entertained, or a long-distance grandparent relying on technology to stay in touch, we’ve got you covered with the best apps for grandparents.

Story Patch (iPad)

Great for boosting creativity amongst the little ones, but also a challenge that you and the pint-sized writer of your family can do together. The app allows children to create their own themed tale, paired with a choice of over 800 illustrations.

JBaby Grandparents Frame (iPad, iPhone, Android)

They say that a picture is worth a thousand words. Perfect for grandparents who want nothing more than to be involved in every step of their grandchild’s development. It does require a Wi-Fi frame to work, but this can be bought from an electronic store.

Zero to Three - Let’s Play (iPad, iPhone, Android)

With a little help during play time, anything is possible. The app features “boredom killers” and provides fun ideas categorized specifically by age group. Particularly useful when looking after babies or toddlers.

Little Peanut on the Go (iPad, iPhone)

Ideal for parents who want to stay well-connected to their caregivers and children while away. It allows them to share schedules with you if you’re in charge of the grandchildren and it may just give them some peace of mind if they’re leaving their children for the first time.

Toilet Finder (iPad, iPhone)

Especially useful when you happen to find yourself in a sticky spot (after your grandchild has alerted you to their “need” at the last minute, of course). Through ‘satellite navigation’ signals, your phone or tablet tracks the nearest loo to your current location. A potential life-saver when you’re out and about.

1Which of the following can be used in Android system?

A. Story Patch.B. Little Peanut on the Go.

C. Toilet Finder.D. Zero to Three — Let’s Play.

2What can we know about the apps?

A. Toilet Finder can be used through voice signals.

B. Zero to Three — Let’s Play can provide lots of entertainment.

C. We can download JBaby Grandparents Frame from the App Store for free.

D. Grandparents can share location with caregivers by Little Peanut on the Go.

3What is the purpose of this article?

A. To explain how to use some smartphone apps.

B. To make life more convenient for grandparents.

C. To recommend some apps to assist grandparents.

D. To advocate interaction between family members.

【题目】 Online ticketing has been effective for the London theatre market The advantages coming with it are many but four in particular stand for the true value They are accessibilityspeedadvanced planning and avoiding the queues

Accessibility is key from the viewpoint of both the theatre and the theatre goer Theatres need to be able to reach out to the public A show may have a market of millions if they concentrate efforts in London onlybut that number will increase to tens of millions if efforts expand nationwide

From the point of view of a theatre lover the fact that the West Endthe central part of London is accessible to someone in Edinburgh is a major attraction Most theatre lovers would be anxious to go to a West End play or musicaland securing tickets for their favourite show online allows them to realize that strong desire with ease Making the journey to London and staying for a weekend is an added reward to the main event

Another advantage is speed with securing tickets now taking a matter of minutes What is needed is a few minutes on the Internet the relevant personal and credit card details and a booking number with which to collect the tickets at the theatre on the night

Of course for tourists or professionals from out of town Internet booking has made it possible to arrange entertainment for a specific evening well in advance Occupying their time after conference hours can be a challenge for professionals With tickets secured in advance the plan can be made much clearer Tourists meanwhile may include a night on the West End on their list of things to do Booking before even arriving in thecity helps to streamline their busy touring schedule

The fourth advantage of buying London theatre tickets online is the fact that queuing is avoided

It is perhaps the most unpleasant aspect of the traditional visit to the box office particularly when demand for Dirty Dancing tickets for example canhave a person waiting for hours before even reaching the box office window even worse the sold out sign would suddenly appear before him

These advantages reflect the true value of that mode of online ticketing It has pleased the theatre lovers expanding theatre markets It is likely to bring more and more benefit to the theatre world

1What is the passage mainly about

A. The reality of theatre market in London

B. The appearance of online entertainment

C. The benefits of buying theatre tickets online

D. The arrangements of spending a day in London

2How is Paragraph 6 mainly developed

A. By describing activities

B. By giving examples

C. By showing differences

D. By making comparisons

3Which of the following shows the development of the ideas in this passage

CP Central Point P Point Sp Subpoint (次要点)C Conclusion

A. B.

C. D.

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