【题目】 Here’s a new reason to be an optimist. 1 Pessimists, of course, might have suspected this all along-but now there’s actual research behind it.

Boston-area scientists found the most optimistic people live an average of 11 to 15 percent longer than their more pessimistic peers.

In previous studies, researchers have found that more optimistic people tend to have lower risk of diseases and early death, said Lewina Lee, the lead researcher and a psychiatry professor at Boston University School of Medicine. “2

Optimists generally expect good things to happen in the future and feel like they can control important outcomes. They tend to stay positive whatever comes their way.

3 There’s good news: The mind-set is about 25 percent hereditary (遗传的). Lee said, meaning people have some control over their level of good thoughts. She said people can become more optimistic by imagining a future in which their goals have been reached.

To conduct their research. Lee and the other scientists compared results from two independently conducted studies-one that followed nearly 70,000 women for a decade and another that followed about 1,400 men for 30 years. 4 They ranked themselves on statements including in uncertain times, “I usually expect the best” or “I'm always optimistic about my future.”

The conclusion that optimistic people tend to live longer holds true regardless of other factors, Lee said.

The study leaves one question unanswered: 5 Although it's unclear, the researchers believe optimists may be better at regulating stressors and bouncing (反弹) back I from upsetting events. Optimists also generally have healthier habits, like exercising more and smoking less.

A.Not a natural optimist?

B.Our study took it one step further.

C.Why are optimists likely to live longer?

D.Why do women generally live longer than men?

E.An optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty.

F.People self-reported their optimism on questionnaires.

G.Those who see the glass as half full, according to a new study, live longer.

【题目】 Recent years have witnessed the growth of luxury(奢侈品) brands. It's clear that a new generation of young, materialistic people is increasingly relying on luxury brands to improve its self-image.

I am a fashionista too, at least in spirit I love to look at clothes and shoes. But I don't understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels. When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing.

What's interesting is that scientists have found that having luxury things doesn't lead to happiness.

Study after study has shown that although we want material things, when we get them we don't suddenly become "happy" people. In fact, a series of studies have shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those on material things. That's because experiences are more easily integrated into a person's identity. If I travel to Yunnan, that adventure affects how I think in the future. My memories become a part of me. Moreover, as Van Boven has observed, young people who pursue happiness through “things" are liked less by their peers. People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.

It's natural to want to express yourself through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn't tied to a designer label. Convey your own message. Take some lessons from the late Apple co-founder Steve Jobs. He was always in Levis jeans and a black turtleneck. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, routinely appears in hoodies and sneakers. These people, successful people, have style.

You don't have to break the bank to send a message about who you are. Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.

1What's the author's attitude towards luxury consumption?

A.Favorable.B.Negative.C.Positive.D.Unconcerned.

2What's the main idea of the fourth paragraph?

A.Material things can't bring about joy.B.Experiences sink into personality.

C.It's better to invest in experiences.D.Others' preference is of importance.

3Why are Steve Jobs and Mark Zuckerberg mentioned in the text?

A.To honor the two successes.B.To advocate their experience.

C.To support the author's argument.D.To inspire young people's ambition.

4What is the underlined sentence intended to express?

A.Do mind your financial security.B.Do try to make more money.

C.Don't rob a bank for luxuries.D.Don't spend much on your image

【题目】 Let's be honest here: random acts of kindness make us feel good. They make others feel good. They help benefit society in small ways, and those small benefits can turn into huge ones. Being an everyday hero means willingly and joyfully choosing random acts of kindness to make the world a bit brighter.1The following ideas will help you start.

Leave a space cleaner than you found it. If you eat out, keep your table clean after you're finished, making it a little easier for the waiter. At home, keep your things organized.2

Be kind to strangers. It's well-known that everyone is fighting separate but equally different battles. Although you might not be able to understand or relate to everyone's tough situations, you can offer unconditional kindness and patience.3 Maybe the fast-food worker has two other jobs and children at home. Although you don't know their situations, kindness is always appreciated.

4This can be a little bit troublesome, and you need to be sensitive to people's needs. The easiest way to determine whether someone needs help is to ask, and respect their answer. When close friends and loved ones are struggling, your support is to say, “I love you.”

5By donating the things that you don't need, want, or use, you allow another person to benefit from them rather than sending them to a landfill.

A.Try to offer your seats to the elder people.

B.Help someone who's struggling.

C.Choose to donate your used things.

D.Don't leave messes for others to clean up.

E.Maybe the old man deals with chronic pain.

F.Being an everyday hero is amazing and deserves others' respect.

G.If you can, take five minutes and be an everyday hero.

【题目】 The following properties which the World Heritage Committee (世界遗产委员会)has decided to include on the List of World Heritage are under threat.

Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley Afghanistan

The cultural landscape and archaeological remains of the Bamiyan Valley stand for the artistic and religious developments which from the 1st to the 13th centuries characterized ancient Bakhtria. The area contains a number of Buddhist monastic ensembles, as well as strong buildings from the Islamic period.

Historic Centre of Vienna Austria

Vienna developed from early Celtic and Roman settlements into a Medieval and Baroque city, the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It played an important role as a leading European music centre, from the great age of Viennese Classicism through the early part of the 20th century. The historic centre of Vienna is rich in architectural buildings, including Baroque castles and gardens, as well as the late-19th-century Ringstrasse lined with grand buildings, monuments and parks.

Okapi Wildlife Reserve Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Okapi Wildlife Reserve occupies about one-fifth of the Ituri forest in the north-east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Congo river basin, of which the reserve and forest are a part, is one of the largest drainage systems in Africa. The reserve contains threatened species of primates and birds surviving in the wild. It also has some amazing scenery, including waterfalls on the Ituri and Epulu rivers. The reserve is inhabited by traditional nomadic pygmy Mbuti and Efe hunters.

1Which of the following heritage sites is located in Asia?

A.Okapi Wildlife Reserve.

B.Historic Centre of Vienna.

C.The Austro-Hungarian Empire.

D.Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley.

2Who may get interested in Historic Centre of Vienna?

A.Music composers.

B.Birds researchers.

C.Modem building lovers.

D.Natural Scenery Photographer.

3What do the three world heritage sites have in common?

A.They are all in danger.

B.They are closed to the public.

C.They feature lots of ancient buildings.

D.They are to be removed from the World Heritage List.

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