【题目】 We tend to think of our dreams as being uniquely personal—nighttime stories built from our own experiences that help us process our day-to-day lives. While dreams can give us a look into our personal selves, scientists have collected data that suggests dreams make their way into our cultural fabric(结构), showing themselves in ways that shape beliefs and expose collective anxieties.

Roger Ivar Lohmann of Trent University conducted research with the Asabano people of the rainforest of Papua New Guinea, a unique group who didn’ t have outside contact until 1963. His studies looked at how dreams shape their beliefs and actions.

According to Lohmann’ s research, dreams act as a sort of motivator or determinant of Asabano behavior. For instance, a dream may affect the way a person hunts or goes about treating medical conditions. The way dreams determine behavior is due to what Lohmann calls the “night residue” effect. This means that specific memories of dreams can affect the way a person acts when awake and inform their belief system.

Dreams also seem to have an effect on the way many define themselves within their own cultures, and how sometimes reaching a distinct definition can cause anxiety.

Matt Newsom of Washington State University spoke with college students in Berlin, and found many students had dreams surrounding conflicting views about their own identities(身份) in relation to what they saw as a return of German nationalism, which is a sensitive subject especially when we think of German identity as it’ s defined even many years after World War Ⅱ.

Many students had dreams that centered around anxieties like “Where do I belong?” Many students never talked with one another about identity struggles in their dreams, yet many reported having such dreams. Newsom noted that dreams can be helpful “for identifying (识别) unspoken social and historical anxieties present in a given society.”

All of this research suggests that dreams can do more than help explain the thought of a person; we can learn about entire cultures and collective attitudes as well.

1What is the purpose of Lohmann s research?

A. To prove dreams can show personal selves.

B. To explore Asabano people’ s inside anxiety.

C. To find out the effect of dreams on beliefs and actions.

D. To learn about Asabano people’ s culture and tradition.

2What troubles German college students?

A. Confusion about their identities.

B. Terrible dreams about World War .

C. Anxieties of talking about their dreams.

D. Conflicting views about German nationalism.

3Which of the following is Newsom’s view about dreams?

A. They can predict a person’s future.B. They can expose people’ s anxieties.

C. They can inspire people’s creativity.D. They are the products of human society.

4What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Dreams promote cultural progress.

B. Dreams can go into cultural fabric.

C. Dreams reflect people’s cultural background.

D. People’ s daily dreams are based on culture.

【题目】Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theatre, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theatre’s 75-year history. This time, however, the clean-up was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theatre equipment in preparation for the building’s end.

The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theatre. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say goodbye to the old building. Theatre owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theatre is preparing to close down.

Bradford said that large modern theatres in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theatre’s location (位置) was also a reason. “This used to be the centre of town, ”he said. “Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”

Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theatre into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theatre is located.

The theatre audience said goodbye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theatre has shown its last movie. The theatre will be missed.

1In what way was yesterday’s clean-up at the Plaza special?

A. It signaled the close-down of the theatre.

B. It made room for new equipment.

C. It was done with the help of the audience.

D. It marked the 75th anniversary of the theatre.

2Why was The Last Picture Show put on?

A. It was an all-time classic.

B. The theatre owner found it suitable.

C. The audience requested it.

D. It was about the history of the town.

3What will probably happen to the building?

A. It will be repaired.

B. It will be turned into a museum.

C. It will be knocked down.

D. It will be sold to the city government.

4What can we infer about the audience?

A. They are disappointed with Bradford.

B. They are eager to have a shopping centre.

C. They are supportive of the city officials.

D. They are sad to part with the old theatre.

【题目】It is quite natural for all of us to want to preserve and protect the foods we purchase. With that in mind, we always think that the best way to do that is by putting them in our refrigerators. However, the following foods should never be placed in the fridge.

Bananas

Bananas should never be placed inside the refrigerator because they keep nutrients better outside the fridge. Bananas are better kept on the counter until they ripen. The cold temperatures actually slow down the ripening process of the bananas, while the wetness and darkness of the fridge will only lead to rotting.

Potatoes

Potatoes should be placed in a cool, dry and dark space. The cold temperature of the fridge can turn starch (淀粉) into sugar more rapidly. It is also recommended that potatoes be removed from plastic or paper bags they may have been placed in. Also, keep them unwashed, as well in an uncovered cardboard box.

Garlic(大蒜)

Placing garlic in your refrigerator will actually cause it to shoot. The garlic will also rotten and even rubbery. Moreover, inside your fridge, the look of the garlic will rarely change. This means you won’t be able to tell if it’s any good until you finally slice it open.

Onions(洋葱)

Placing your onions inside your refrigerator will eventually end up turning them rotten and soft. Unpeeled onions should be kept out of plastic bags and fridge. One of the reasons for this is because unpeeled onions require and need air exposure for maximum life. If you have peeled (剥皮) an onion though, then you should keep it in the fridge, in a covered container.

1Why should bananas be kept at normal temperature?

A. They can keep fresh long. B. They can remain their hardness.

C. They can keep their normal colour. D. They can grow delicious to eat.

2What should you do to keep potatoes well?

A. Wrap them in paper bags. B. Put them in open containers.

C. Keep them in airtight cardboard boxes. D. Store them in a cool, wet and dark space.

3Which of the following can be stored in the fridge under certain condition?

A. Bananas. B. Potatoes. C. Onions. D. Garlic.

【题目】Albert Hofmann was a Swiss scientist who was fascinated by nature. This led him to a career in chemistry in which he sought answers to his uncertainties. He worked at Sandoz Laboratories where he nurtured his research work, and there he made a lot of success by working with various plants and changing them into something useful. He became famous when he became the first person to produce lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)( 迷幻药). In addition, he was also the first person to taste it and learn about its hallucinogenic(引起幻觉的)effects. He was deeply connected to nature and argued that LSD, besides being useful for psychiatry (精神病学), could also be used to promote awareness of mankind’s place in nature. However, he was disappointed that his discovery was being carelessly used as a drug for entertainment. Because of his discovery, LSD fans have fondly called him “the Father of LSD”. Besides carrying out his scientific experiments, he also authored numerous books and more than 100 scientific articles. In 2007, he featured in a list of the 100 greatest living geniuses, published by The Telegraph Newspaper.

Childhood & Early life

Albert Hofmann was born in Baden, Switzerland, on January 11, 1906. He was the eldest of four children. His father was a poor toolmaker in a factory and they lived in a rented apartment. He spent much of his childhood outdoors and grew up with a deep connection with nature.

He had mind-blowing experiences in childhood. During his growth, nature was changed in magical ways that he didn’t understand. These experiences caused questions in his mind, and chemistry was the scientific field which allowed him to understand them.

He studied chemistry at Zurich University, and his main interest was the chemistry of plants and animals. At 23, he earned his PhD with honors.

1What led Albert Hofmann to a career in chemistry?

A. His fans.

B. His father.

C. His family.

D. His interest.

2From the passage, we know .

A. LSD was being wrongly used

B. LSD was not useful for psychiatry

C. this discovery of LSD made Albert Hofmann surprised

D. this discovery of LSD could change mankind’s place in nature

3Which can be inferred about Albert Hofmann from the passage?

A. He has four brothers or sisters.

B. He has found many useful plants.

C. He earned his PhD in 1929.

D. He only concentrated on scientific experiments.

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