【题目】To prevent the deserts coming near, China has planted billions of trees---to replace destroyed forests and as barriers against the sand. This isn’t a cure, though, say experts, as thirsty trees can make the problem worse by taking in groundwater.

“Planting tress is one way, but it isn’t that simple. It doesn’t solve the basic issue of water resources,” says Wu Bo, a professor. “We need to calculate how much water the trees will absorb, or else it could have a negative effect.”

Villagers in Zhengxin have taken on this challenge, with limited success. When the irrigation channels began to run dry, Lu Xianglin switched from wheat to cotton on his land. He also planted trees to protect his fields from sandstorms. He says he still gets good yields（产量） using flood irrigation and earns a good income for his family.

Other farmers haven’t stuck it out（坚持到底）: about one in three have left Zhengxin in the past 10 years after their wheat crops died. Young people who can find jobs in the towns rarely return.

Last week, Mr Lu joined the other men in his village on a government-arranged trip to see the land that has been set aside for their relocation, nearly 40 miles to the south. The next day, he was back, shaking his head at the plan. The idea of uprooting his family troubles him, as does the idea of giving up the land that fed his forefathers. He prefers to stay and keep up the fight.

“With enough water, this problem can be solved,” Lu says. “We can plant trees and grass, and they will grow bigger. That will stop the desert.”

Experts say that farmers could switch to drip irrigation （滴灌）to lessen their water intake for growing crops. Elsewhere in the region, farmers have built brick greenhouses as part of a plan to grow vegetables using less water. Roadside signs urge farmers to “Save Water, Protect the Environment”.

【1】 The negative effect of planting trees in deserts is that __________.

A. it can make groundwater become less

B. it can prevent the sand moving freely

C. it can stop crops growing well

D. it can get the soil to become poor

【2】Why did Mr. Lu NOT accept the idea of relocation?

A. Because the plan of relocation will cost him much money.

B. Because his family had trouble moving away.

C. Because he was reluctant to give up his land.

D. Because he would rather stay than fight against the deserts.

【3】What can we infer from the passage?

A. The deserts drive more and more people to leave their homes for their lives.

B. People have no means to fight against the land becoming desert.

C. Water is the biggest barrier for people to stop the desert.

D. Planting trees cannot solve the problem of desertification of farmland.

【4】What advice is given by experts to save water?

A. To plant more trees.

B. To build greenhouses.

C. To change crops.

D. To use drip irrigation.

【题目】短文改错

My swimming experience is extreme interesting. There was a time when I swim like a rock.This went on till one day when I was fishing with a friend of mine at nearby pond. I was so much careless that I slipped into one. Had my friend not come to my rescue, I would have be drowned. Ever since then, I have come to know the importance of learn to swim. I didn’t go to any training class but learned it all by me. Now I have no difficult swimming at all . Though the way I swim looks clumsy ,at least it can keep me floating. Thinking of this, I feel quite satisfying.

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

If you read a newspaper or listen to a newscast(news report) recently, you may hear or read a strange word, “staycation.” Staycation is【1】 new word the American press(newspapers, radio, and television) is using 【2】 (describe) a vacation very close to your own home, 【3】 simply staying at home during your vacation. It is a【4】_____ (combine) of the words “stay” and “vacation”.

According to many news reports, these staycations are very popular among American families this year. Why? The high price of gasoline for cars and airplanes has made it very expensive for Americans to travel【5】 (compare) to past years. When you combine this with the weak American dollar, it all adds up to people deciding to stay close to home 【6】______ their traditional summer vacations. Of course, some places are more 【7】 (interest) to “stay at home” than others. And if you live in a very small town, well, you may just want to skip your vacation and save your time up to next year!

Everything is 【8】 (expense) nowadays, and let’s face it—a vacation just may not be in your plan this year. You don’t have to give up family fun just because you can’t get away; instead, follow my tips for an economical staycation filled with old favorites and new adventures! Staycations 【9】 (achieve) high popularity in current hard economic times in which 【10】 (unemploy) levels and gas prices are high.

【题目】阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

“I never did hate the Yankees（北方佬）. All that I hated was the war...” That’s how my great-aunt Bettie began her story. I heard it many times as a child, whenever my family visited Aunt Bettie in the old house in Berryville, Virginia.

Bettie Van Metre had good reason to hate the Civil War. Her brother was killed at Gettysburg, and her husband, James, a Confederate（南方联盟军）officer, was taken prisoner and sent to an unknown prison camp somewhere.

One day in late September, Dick came to Bettie reporting that he had found a wounded Union soldier in a farmhouse half a mile away from the Van Metre home. When talking about her first sight of the man in the blood-spotted blue uniform, she always used the same words. “It was like walking into a nightmare: those awful bandages, that terrible smell.” She went out into the cool air, trying not to be sick at the thought of that smashed right hand, that missing left leg.

The man’s papers Bettie found in the farmhouse showed his identity: Henry Bedell, 30 years old. She knew that she should report the presence of this Union officer to the Confederate army, but she wouldn’t. This is how she explained it: “I kept wondering if he had a wife somewhere, hoping, and not knowing—just as I was. It seemed to me that the only thing that mattered was to get her husband back to her.”

Slowly, patiently, skillfully, Aunt Bettie fanned the spark of life in Henry Bedell. Of drugs or medicines she had almost none. And she was not willing to take any from the few supplies at the Confederate hospital. But she did the best she could with what she had.

The October nights in the valley grew cold. With the help of Dick and his wife, she moved the Union officer at night, to a hidden room above the warm kitchen of her own home. But the next day, Bedell had a high fever. Knowing that she must get help, she went to her family doctor, Graham Osborne. Dr. Osborne examined Bedell and said, “there was little hope unless proper medicines could be found.”

“I’ll get them from the Yankees at Harpers Ferry.” Bettie said. The doctor told her that Harpers Ferry was almost 20 miles away. Even if she reached them, the Yankees would never believe her. “I’ll take proof,” Bettie said. She found a blood-spotted paper bearing the official War Department seal （印章）. “When I show it, they’ll believe me.”

Early the next morning she set off with a list of medical items. For five hours she drove, stopping only to rest her horse. The sun was almost down when she finally stood before the general at Harpers Ferry. The general listened, but did not believe her. “Madam,” he said, “Bedell’s death was reported to us.” “He’s alive,” Bettie insisted. “But he won’t be much longer unless he has the medicines on that list.” “Well,” the general turned to a junior officer, “see that Mrs. Van Metre gets the supplies.”

With the medicines, Bedell gradually recovered. Ten days later he was walking with sticks. “I’d better go back as soon as possible.” Bedell told Bettie. So it was arranged that Dick should help Bettie deliver Bedell to Harpers Ferry in his wagon. Bedell lay down in a box filled with hay, his rifle and sticks beside him.

At Harpers Ferry, the soldiers were amazed when the Union officer with the missing leg rose from his hay-filled box. Bedell told the story to Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, who wrote a letter of thanks to Bettie and signed an order to free James Van Metre. It was arranged for Bedell to go with Bettie as she searched for her husband. Records showed that a James Van Metre had been sent to a prison camp in Ohio. Then at Fort Delaware, near the end of the line of prisoner, a tall man stepped out and walked clumsily into Bettie’s arms. Bettie held him, tears streaming down her face. And Henry Bedell, standing by on his sticks, wept, too.

【1】What might be Bettie’s tone when she used the underlined sentence to describe the first sight of Henry Bedell？

A. Pessimistic B. Desperate C. Shocked D. Sympathetic.

【2】Why wouldn’t Bettie report the presence of Bedell to the Confederate army.

A. Because she felt it her responsibility to save soldiers of the Union.

B. Because she wanted to save Bedell so that her husband could be freed.

C. Because Bedell was more a suffering human being than an enemy to Bettie.

D. Because Bedell begged Bettie not to give him away to the Confederate army.

【3】Dr. Osborn thought it was ______ of Bettie Van Metre to drive to Harpers Ferry for the medicines.

A. crazy B. kind .C. brave D. smart

【4】 Still recovering, Henry Bedell decided to leave as soon as possible mainly because ______.

A. he was eager to return to the Union to fight

B. he didn’t want to go on putting Bettie in danger

C. he was concerned about his safety at the Van Metre home

D. he could be treated with better medicines back at Harpers Ferry

【5】 Rearrange the following statements in terms of time order.

a. Bettie’s husband was found and freed.

b. Bettie helped deliver Bedell back to Harpers Ferry.

c. Bettie moved Bedell to a safe room in her own house.

d. Bettie drove all the way to Harpers Ferry to get the medicines for Bedell.

e. In spite of being short of medicines, Bettie attended to Bettie with what she had.

f. Bettie saw Bedell in a farmhouse half a mile away from her house for the first time.

A. f, e, c, b, d, a B. f, c, e, d, b, a

C. f, e, c, d, b, a. D. f, c, e, b, d, a

【6】What message is conveyed through the end of the story.

A. Giving is a reward in itself.

B. Happiness comes from giving.

C. God helps those who help themselves.

D. Help yourself by helping others

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

As we all know, questioning can lead to【1】(search) for an answer. If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to【2】what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.

Two years ago, our teacher【3】(offer) us an answer to a difficult math problem in class. Although the answer seemed a little strange, nobody【4】me doubted it. Thinking that his answer might be wrong, I【5】(careful) analyzed the problem and tried to work【6】out in a different way. Half an hour【7】(late), I managed to find the correct answer. When I showed my answer to him, the teacher praised me for my【8】(depend) thinking.

From this experience, I have learned that questioning can serve as【9】bridge that helps us to seek the【10】_(true).

【题目】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Books can be your best friends. 【1】 . They can introduce you the things you may never see... But do you know how to read them in order to get the fullest enjoyment possible? The following tips should help.

1. Find a book. Look in the library or in one of the large bookstores. You could also ask friends if you could have a book at their book shelves. Search the selves until you find a book that looks good. Read the first page to see how it reads, and the cover text on the back of the book, if it has any. 【2】

2. Buy or borrow it and take it home. Do not start to read it until you have the time. 【3】 And set aside time to do nothing else but read, as it can be, at times, suspenseful(悬疑的), exciting and relaxing.

3. Get comfortable on the couch. Have a lamp behind you, lighting the area where you are reading. Make sure the television is off and that anything else that could distract you has been attended to. 【4】

4. Start the book by turning the pages and really enjoy it. Do not think about anything else but what you are reading. Put yourself into the action or location in the story. Once you concentrate completely, it will be difficult to put the book down. And remember that reading is not running your eyes over a book. 【5】 However, if you need to read the book quickly, then you do not need to pay attention to every word.

A. Otherwise, you will miss it.

B. Try to imagine the story in your head.

C. You should read it actively and enjoy it completely.

D. They can take you to places that you may never go.

E. If you are already concentrating, then buy it or borrow it.

F. Get warm if you are going to be sitting still for a few hours.

G. If you are busy doing other things, you should wait until you have finished them.

【题目】If you are tired of common hotel rooms, maybe it’s time to climb into a tree. A new generation of tree houses are appearing across the world, and designer Roderick Romero says he knows why and he said “They're magical. I’ve never seen someone climb into a tree house and not smile.”

Edisto River Canadys, S. C.

Before you can stay in one of the wilderness tree houses, you first have to canoe down the Edisto River. The paddle-in homes offer a cooking gear and comfortable sleeping bed. “It’s a really good place to get back to nature,” Romero says. The lofts have gas stoves and are lit by lanterns. The website: caneosc.com

Treehotel

Romero was astonished when he first saw the buildings at this hotel 40 miles south of the Arctic Circle in northern Sweden. “It blew my mind. I couldn’t believe what I was seeing.” he says. The hotel rooms draws heavily on spare Scandinavian design. “Architecturally this is one of the coolest ideas for a tree house.’’ The website: treehotel.se

Hideaway Cafe

While most treehouses are found in the woods, this coffee shop and inn turns the idea on its head with a location in downtown Tokyo. The building itself stands on stilts with a tree growing through the center of it. The cafe was the first treehouse designed by Kobayashi Takashi, who has since created more than 120 homes. “He’s one of my heroes.” Romero says, “In the treehouse community, he’s who we talk about the most.” The website: treehouse.jp/ hideaway/.

Tongabezi

One of the world’s most stylish treehouses perches in a tree alongside the Zambezi River near Victoria Falls. The large pine deck holds a bed and Turkish carpets. Guests can go on safati, or simply stay in their perch and watch for hippos playing in the river. The website: below.tongabezi.com.

【1】What Roderick Romero said in the first paragraph means _____.

A. People are fond of magic performance

B. Treehouses are popular with many people

C. It is difficult to build the house in the trees

D. People always get rid of common hotels

【2】What made Treehotel impressive?

A. Its position B. Its design

C. Its height D. Its price

【3】If people want to know the treehouse with Turkish carpets, they should visit _____.

A. The website: caneosc.com

B. The website: treehotel.se

C. The website: treehouse.jp/ hideaway/.

D. The website: below.tongabezi.com.

【题目】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Culture means any human behavior that is learned in human society. All of the meaningful parts of a culture are passed on to different generations through tradition or social learning.【1】 Culture exists in agricultural as well as industrialized societies.

Culture is necessary for the survival and existence of human beings. Practically everything humans know, think, value, feel, and do is learned through taking part in a sociocultural system. 【2】 Here is one of the cases of children growing up apart from human society. In the province of Midnapore in India, the director of a children’s home was told by local villagers that there were “ghost” in the forest. Upon looking into the case, the director found that two children, one about eight years old and the other about six years old, appeared to have been living with a pack of wolves in the forest.【3】 In his diary, the director describes his first view of Kamala (as the older child was named) and Amala (the name given to the younger child):

Kamala was a terrible-looking being, the head, a big ball of something covering the shoulders. 【4】Their eyes were bright and sharp, unlike human eyes. They were very fond of raw meat and raw milk. Gradually, as they got stronger, they began going on all fours, and afterwards began to run on all fours, just like squirrels.

Children learn human language in the same way they learn other kinds of human behavior — by taking part in a cultural community.【5】

A. Culture refers only to the high art and classical music of a particular society.

B. This statement is well supported by some well-written cases.

C. Close at its heels there came another terrible creature exactly like the first, but smaller in size.

D. From this viewpoint, all human groups have a culture.

E. These children were the ghosts described by the local people.

F. They learn a certain human language as well as certain kinds of human behavior through their membership in a certain cultural community.

G. Human beings can only develop human abilities by the local people.

【题目】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to show respect to your co-workers

If you want to reduce the stress in your work environment, one of the best things you can do is to respect your co-workers. Showing respect will earn you respect. 【1】 Respect is the first building block for the success of a relationship.

Use your manners. Greet your co-workers as you enter and exit your work place. Always use “please”, ”thank you” and “pardon me “.If you do ,all of your requests will be seen as just that, and not orders. 【2】 It means everything from covering your mouth when you sneeze or yarn ,to holding a door open or an elevator open when you see a co-worker coming.

Make a pleasant small talk, but don’t go too far with this concept. You don’t have to talk for hours or know everything about your co-workers .Generally, people feel more comfortable in working environments where they know each other.

Lend a helping hand. This doesn’t mean that you have to be a martyr(受苦者). Don’t always take the “that’s not my job.” attitude. If you are having a particularly light day ,or you see one of your co-workers drowning in work, offer to help. 【3】 It will probably make you feel good too.

Apologize if you are wrong and be humble. No one likes a show off. You can talk about the good characteristics, traits, and relationships in your life without making people feel like you are better than them. 【4】 Co-workers will take notice.

【5】/span> Being positive not only lifts your spirits, but also lifts the spirits of those around you .No one wants to be around someone who is constantly negative or always complaining.

A. Manners can be actions as well.

B. Speak encouraging words to others.

C. Actually some co-workers don’t need our respect.

D. Your co-workers will appreciate your generous efforts.

E. Avoid standing , sitting or talking too close to someone.

F. It also allows you to get to know and befriend your co-workers.

G. No one is perfect, but what makes up your character is how you handle your mistakes.

【题目】 短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When asking about happiness, we often think of something unusual, that seems to be hard to get as we grow older. Sometimes, the more we can enjoy what we have, the happy we are. It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friend, the freedom to live in where we please, and even good health. So happiness isn’t about something that happens to us, it’s about how we see it in the reasonable way. Generally speaking, we were willing to hold a positive attitude towards things around us, and we should not look forward what we don’t have, but enjoy what they do have.