【题目】Many people feel that their parents were harder on them than on their brother or sister. And many are quick to blame(责备) negative results in adulthood on it. But results from a Temple University study published this month suggest that it is not necessarily true.

Researchers have found that among siblings(兄弟姐妹)in the same family,recalled negative early experiences such as conflicts(冲突) with parents seem to have little influence over psychological(心理的)wellbeing(幸福) in midlife.

“Existing research suggests the importance of early childhood parental treatment on later wellbeing,but respondents in this study who thought they were treated less favorably than their siblings have been found to be just as satisfied in their lives,”said Adam Davey,a psychologist in the College of Health Professions.

Davey's study looked at data collected from 1,369 siblings between the ages of 26—74 from 498 different families to determine the extent(程度)to which different childhood treatment reached into adulthood. Each sibling answered a series of questions about their memories of parental affection(喜爱),conflicts with their parents when they were young and current wellbeing. Davey and his team found that those who remembered having more conflicts with their parents than their siblings still tended to have generally high levels of wellbeing in adulthood. Not surprisingly,they also found that happier memories,such as memories of affection and warmth,can have positive effects.

Older respondents who were married and had children of their own tended to have a more positive recollection of their childhood. Davey says these findings could suggest that life experience acts as a filter(过滤)for remembering childhood memories. He adds that personality also plays a role:those who were more outgoing tended to have a better recollection of their childhood.

“Even people who grow up in the same environment can have different ways of recalling the past. And it's not necessarily what happens in the past,but the way we remember it that makes a difference to our wellbeing,”said Davey.

【1】What's the purpose of the passage?

A. To show how to improve wellbeing in midlife.

B. To teach parents how to give their children a happier childhood.

C. To blame some parents for being harder on one of their children.

D. To show the link between negative childhood experiences and wellbeing in adulthood.

【2】Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor(因素) on how people recollect childhood in Paragraph 5?

A. Having children or not. B. Being healthy or not.

C. Life experience. D. Personality.

【3】According to Davey,what influences our wellbeing in adulthood?

A. What happened in the past. B. How we remember the past.

C. The role we play in society. D. How much we have.

【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填写适当的内容或括号内单词正确形式。

When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be very difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible — and it can be surprisingly1(benefit) to your physical and mental health. So far, research2(show) that people who forgive can have more energy, better appetite and better sleep. “People who forgive show3(little) anger and more hopefulness,” says Dr. Frederic Luskin, who wrote the bookForgive for Good. “So it can help reduce the tiredness out of the immune system and allow people4(feel) more energetic.”

So when someone has hurt you, cool down first. Take a couple of breaths and think of something5gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love. Don’t wait for an6(apologize). “Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing,” says Dr. Luskin. “They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things in7same way. So if you wait for people to say sorry, you could be waiting a very long time.”

Next keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean8(accept) the action of the person who upsets you.9, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you. Finally, try to see things from the other person’s perspective. You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance. To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to10(you) from that person’s point of view.

【题目】That woman carried a new blanket (毛毯) over her arm. Wordlessly, she gave it to me.

“Is it finished?” I asked.

She shook her head. “No. It is ready,” she replied. I handed her the money and took the blanket.

“It is beautiful, so skillfully woven (编织),”I said to my mother.“But what did she mean when she said it was not finished? How can it be ready if it is not finished?”

“I will tell you later,” my mother said, “but first I will take you to the Navajo(纳瓦霍) village.”

We went down to the village. A group of young men were making sand pictures. We walked through the whole village, watching the different things the people were doing.

It was not until that evening that my mother finally explained the Navajo woman's words.

“Did you notice anything about the things the people were making?” my mother asked.

“What should I have noticed?” I looked at her and asked.

“Each thing the Navajo make has one small part that is not complete. The designs in their sand pictures are often not perfectly done, for example—the line of a circle may not quite close. If you look carefully at your blanket, you will probably find a stitch (一针) missing.”

I took the blanket off, but it looked as perfect as any design could be. Then suddenly, I noticed that sure enough a stitch was missing!

“But why do the Navajo intentionally leave some tiny part unfinished?” I asked.

“They believe that when anything is completed or finished, it means the end has come — it will not be perfect until then. Then too, with a circle, they believe that they must leave a pathway for the bad spirits to run away and the good spirits to come in. So, often, they do not make the line close.”

1The blanket the author received _____.

A. was poorly woven B. made her think a lot

C. cost her a lot of money D. was finished, but not ready

2Why was the author shown around the village?

A. To buy more things made by the Navajo.

B. To make friends with some of the Navajo.

C. To have a deeper understanding of the Navajo.

D. To look for the woman who sold her the blanket.

3Which of the following may the Navajo believe?

A. A stitch in time is very important. B. Life only becomes perfect when you die.

C. He who makes no mistake is a perfect man. D. You must always try to make your life complete.

4What's the main idea of the text?

A. The Navajo are good at making things.

B. The Navajo are brave and hard-working.

C. A blanket tells a lot about the Navajo culture.

D. Skills are needed to do business with the Navajo.

【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Procrastination (拖延) is a phenomenon we are familiar with. When we procrastinate, we waste our free time and put off important tasks we should do till it’s too late. 【1】 Here, I will share some personal steps taken to overcome procrastination with great success.

Break your work down into little parts. Part of the reason why we procrastinate is that we find the work too overwhelming (巨大的)for us. Break it down into little parts, and then focus on one part at a time. If you still procrastinate after doing so, break it down even further. 2

Change your environment. Look at your work desk and your room. Do they make you want to work or do they make you sleepy? 3

Create a detailed timeline with specific deadlines. Having just one deadline for your work is like an invitation to procrastinate. That’s because we would get the impression that we have time and keep pushing everything back until it’s too late. 4 In this way, you know you have to finish each task by a certain date.

5 I’m pretty sure if you spend just 10 minutes talking to people like Steve Jobs or Bill Gates, you’ll be more inspired to act than if you spend the 10 minutes doing nothing. The people we are with influence our behavior.

A. Soon, your task will be so simple that you will be thinking you can do it now.

B. Hang out with people who inspire you to take action.

C. Having a companion makes the whole process much more fun.

D. If it’s the latter, you should begin to change your workspace.

E. It’s a bad habit eating us away and stopping us achieving greater success in life.

F. Break down your project, and then create an overall timeline with specific deadlines for each small task.

G. Seek out someone who has already achieved the similar outcome to your goals.

【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A fear of heights is a common feeling that is easy to understand. According to many psychologists, a fear of heights is one of the only two natural fears --- the other is the fear of loud noises. 【1】 If you are not afraid, you could walk too close to the edge and fall off. Having a fear of heights is good because it protects us from real danger.

2 They experience an intense fear even inside a safe environment such as a skyscraper, which is not an appropriate response and it is not helpful. 3 “As long as I can remember, I have had a powerful fear of heights. It can completely ruin a vacation. For example, when I was with friends in Paris, I became terrified while going up to the Eiffel Tower. I was almost crying and I felt embarrassed for the rest of the vacation,” Adams said.

Fortunately, having an irrational(不合理的) fear of heights can be corrected. 4 The most effective way seems to be getting the people to acknowledge their fears, for example, by encouraging them to go to the top of tall buildings, hike up steep mountains, or stand on a high bridge.

5 When faced with a threatening situation, taking slow, deep breaths can help slow the heart rate and increase the oxygen flowing to muscles to keep from tensing up. If possible, a few minutes of meditation(冥想) may be effective in relieving some tension.

It is important to remember that an inappropriate fear of heights is not unusual and can be treated.

A. Another way to overcome a fear of heights is to learn to control the physical symptoms.

B. However, some people have an irrational (非理性的) and unhealthy fear of heights.

C. One way to defeat your fear of heights is to do an activity that involves nothing but heights.

D. There are a number of ways this can be achieved.

E. John Adams, an English teacher, has an irrational fear of heights that makes his life very difficult.

F. If you are on the edge of a cliff, it is useful to be a little afraid.

G. Nearly everyone experiences some degree of anxiety when exposed to heights.

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