【题目】Researchers are placing robotic dogs (机器狗) in the homes of lonely old people to determine whether they can improve the quality of life for humans. Alan Beck, an expert in human-animal relationship, and Nancy Edwards, a professor of nursing, are leading the animal-assisted study concerning the influence of robotic dogs on old people’s depression, physical activity, and life satisfaction. “No one will argue that an older person is better off being more active, challenged, or stimulated (刺激),” Edwards points out. “The problem is how we promote (使……成为现实) that, especially for those without friends or help. A robotic dog could be a solution.”

In the study, the robot, called AIBO, is placed for six weeks in the houses of some old people who live alone. Before placing AIBO in the home, researchers will collect baseline data for six weeks. These old people will keep a diary to note their feelings and activity before and after AIBO. Then, the researchers will review the data to determine if it has inspired any changes in the life of its owner.

“I talk to him all the time, and he responds to my voice,” says a seventy-year-old lady. “When I’m watching TV, he’ll stay in my arms until he wants down. He has a mind of his own.”

The AIBOs respond to certain orders. The researchers say they have some advantages over live dogs, especially for old people. Often the elderly are disabled and cannot care for an animal by walking it or playing with it. A robotic dog removes exercise and feeding concerns.

“At the beginning, it was believed that no one would relate to the robotic dog, because it was metal and not furry, ” Beck says. “But it’s amazing how quickly we have given up that belief.”

“Hopefully, down the road, these robotic pets could become a more-valuable health helper. They will record their masters’ blood pressure, oxygen levels, or heart rhythms. AIBOs may even one day have games that can help stimulate older people’s minds. ”

【1】The purpose of Beck and Edwards’ study is to __________.

A. understand human-animal relationship

B. make lonely old people’s life better

C. find the causes of old people’s loneliness

D. promote the animal-assisted research

【2】In the research, the old people are asked to ____________.

A. note the activities of AIBOs

B. keep AIBOs at home for 12 weeks

C. record their feelings and activity.

D. analyze the collected information

【3】What is the advantage of AIBO over live dogs?

A. It is easier to keep at home.

B. It can help the disabled people.

C. It responds to all the human orders.

D. It can watch TV with its owner.

【4】The author seems to suggest that the future robotic dogs may _____________.

A. cure certain diseases

B. keep old people active

C. change people’s beliefs

D. look more like real dogs

【题目】Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers(剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”

“Examine the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It’s an inheritable trait.” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance（支配地位）when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.

Whether it’s inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn’t healthy for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.” It’s the parents’ role to provide that protection.

When a “boss child” doesn’t learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.

“I see more and more parents giving up their power,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also fell less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.”

【1】Bossy children like Stephen Jackson __________.

A. make good decisions B. show self-centeredness

C. lack care from others D. have little sense of fear

【2】The study on bossy behavior implies that parents __________.

A. should give more power to their children

B. should be strict with their children

C. should not be so anxious about their children

D. should not set limits for their children

【3】Bossy children may probably become __________.

A. relaxed B. skillful

C. hesitant D. lonely

【4】What is the passage mainly about?

A. How bossy behavior can be controlled.

B. How we can get along with bossy children.

C. What leads to children’s bossy behavior.

D. What effect bossy behavior brings about.

【题目】A few years ago I had an “ aha ！ ” moment regarding handwriting.

I had in my hand a sheet of paper with handwritten instructions on it for some sort of editorial task. It occurred at first that I did not recognize the handwriting, and then I realized whose it must be. I finally became aware of the fact that I had been working with this colleague for at least a year, maybe two, and yet I did not recognize her handwriting at that point.

It was a very important event in the computerization of life—a sign that the informal, friendly communication of people working together in an office had changed from notes in pen to instant messages and emails. There was a time when our workdays were filled with little letters, and we recognized one another's handwriting the way we knew voices or faces.

As a child visiting my father's office, I was pleased to recognize , in little notes on the desks of his staff, the same handwriting I would see at home in the notes he would leave on the fridge—except that those notes were signed" dad" instead of "RFW".

All this has been on my mind because of the talk about The Rise and Fall of Handwriting, a book by Florey. She shows in her book a deep concern about the fall of handwriting and the failure of schools to teach children to write well, but many others argue that people in a digital age can't be expected to learn to hold a pen.

I don't buy it.

I don't want to see anyone cut off from the expressive，personal associations that a pen still promotes better than a digital keyboard does. For many a biographer, part of really getting to know their subjects is learning to read their handwriting.

What some people advocate is teaching one of the many attractive handwritings based on the handwriting of 16th-century Italy. That may sound impossibly grand—as if they want kids to learn to draw by copying classical paintings. However, they have worked in many school systems.

【1】Why was the author surprised at not recognizing his colleague's handwriting?

A. He had worked with his colleague long enough.

B. His colleague's handwriting was so beautiful.

C. His colleague's handwriting was so terrible.

D. He still had a lot of work to do.

【2】People working together in an office used to __________.

A. talk more about handwriting

B. take more notes on workdays

C. know better one another's handwriting

D. communicate better with one another

【3】The author's father wrote notes in pen __________.

A. to both his family and his staff

B. to his family in small letters

C. to his family on the fridge

D. to his staff on the desk

【4】According to the author, handwritten notes __________.

A. are harder to teach in schools

B. attract more attention

C. are used only between friends

D. carry more message

【5】We can learn from the passage that the author __________.

A. thinks it impossible to teach handwriting

B. does not want to lose handwriting

C. puts the blame on the computer

D. does not agree with Florey

【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Three years ago, I became a student in a ordinary school. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom, I found the teachers patient but considerate．Besides, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class．I decide to make the best use for it. I worked hardly and got along well my teachers and classmates．Whenever I had difficulties, they were always helpful. Soon, I became one of the top student in my class, what greatly increased my confidence and I got more motivated．My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but that how you use it that determines who you are．

【题目】Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap. Some call it the summer learning setback. Simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget. The only thing they might gain is weight.

Most American schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar with winter and spring breaks and about ten weeks of summer vacation. Some schools follow a year-round calendar. They hold classes for about eight weeks at a time, with a few weeks off in between. The National Association for Year-Round Education says there were fewer than 3,000 such schools at last count. They were spread among forty-six of the fifty states.

But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school. Lead researcher Paul von Hippel said, “ Year-round schools don't really solve the problem of the summer learning setback. They simply spread it out across the year. ”

Across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students. Experts say this can be prevented. They note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.

But calling them “ summer school ” could be a problem. The director of the summer learning center at Johns Hopkins, Ron Fairchild , said research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term “ summer school”. In American culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood. The parents welcomed other terms like “ summer camp”,“ extra time” and “hands-on learning”.

【1】According to the first paragraph, the summer learning gap __________.

A. helps children to gain weight

B. leads children to work harder

C. improves children's memories

D. affects children's regular studies

【2】Compared to traditional schools, students in the year-round ones __________.

A. perform better and have more learning gains

B. have much less time for relaxation every year

C. have generally the same number of class days

D. hold more classes with more free weeks off

【3】Which of the following statements is true?

A. Students from poor families often fall behind after the vacation.

B. Year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap.

C. There are schools in each state following a year-round calendar.

D. Nothing can help the students who fall behind after the vacation.

【4】Why did almost all parents dislike the term “summer school”？

A. They cherish the children's rights of freedom very much.

B. They are worried about the quality of the “summer school".

C. They want their children to be forced to make up the gap.

D. They can't afford the further study during the vacation.

【5】Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

A. Opening Summer Camps

B. Forbidding Summer Schools

C. Spreading Year-Round Education

D. Minding the Summer Learning Cap

【题目】I have been waiting for a bus for so long. If only I _______ a book with me!

A. brought B. would bring

C. had brought D. bring

【题目】In eighteen seventy-seven, the American government decided to move the Nez Perce Indians from their land. The government had set up a reservation for them in Idaho. Chief Joseph did not want to leave the land. It was holy ground. It contained the bones of his father and mother.

However, like his father in earlier times, Chief Joseph knew it would be hopeless to stay and defend the land. There were too few Indians to win a war against the white men.

And so in June of eighteen seventy-seven, the Nez Perce left their home in the Wallowa Valley. They left quickly. They were able to take only a small part of what they owned，and just a few cattle and Appaloosa horses.

When the Indians reached the Snake River, the water was very deep and ran very fast with melted snow from the mountains. Chief Joseph and his people made boats from sticks and dried animal skins to cross the river. While the Indians were busy, a group of white men came and stole some of the cattle waiting at the edge of the river.

The other chiefs demanded that Joseph call a meeting. Two of the chiefs, White Bird and Toohoolhoolzote，spoke for war, but Joseph held a different opinion.

Some of the young men in White Bird's group were very angry. That night, they rode into the countryside and killed eleven white persons.

During all his years as chief, Joseph had tried to keep the peace. Now he saw there was no hope. Although he and his young men had taken no part in the killings, he knew that the white men would blame all of the Indians. Chief Joseph said，“ I would have given my own life if I could have undone the killing of the white men. ”

Many Nez Perce fled. Chief Joseph remained, because his wife was about to have a baby. After she gave birth, he and his family joined the others in White Bird Canyon to the south. Joseph wanted to lead the people to safety in the flat lands of Montana. But the United States army quickly sent horse soldiers to follow them.

They were extremely tired when they reached White Bird Canyon. An Indian carrying a white flag walked forward to meet them. A soldier shot him.

With that shot, the war between the Nez Perce and the United States began.

【1】Why didn't Chief Joseph want to leave the land?

A. He thought the reservation in Idaho wasn't satisfying.

B. He didn't want to be separated from his parents.

C. He had special feeling for the land where he was living.

D. He didn't want to live with the white men.

【2】Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Before they left their home, the Nez Perce had only a few cattle and Appaloosa horses.

B. Chief Joseph and his people were unwilling to cross the deep river.

C. When the Indians reached the Snake River, it was very hard for them to cross it.

D. While the Indians were waiting by the river, a group of white men stole some of the cattle.

【3】From the passage we can infer that __________.

A. Chief Joseph knew it would be hopeless to defend the land

B. some Indians often killed white men

C. Chief Joseph was afraid of white men

D. conflicts often happened between the Indians and the white

【4】After some of the young men in White Bird's group killed eleven white persons,__________.

A. Chief Joseph blamed White Bird

B. Chief Joseph tried his best to keep peace

C. all the Nez Perce fled

D. the United States army wanted to revenge(报仇)

【5】Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. The Story of Chief Joseph

B. The American Civil War

C. Chief Joseph and His Children

D. The Nez Perce Indians

【题目】Mr. Samuel, _______ president of our company, is now in _______ possession of many branches across China.

A. the; the B. /; /

C. a; the D. a; /

【题目】When _____ to hand in his Iphone, Tonny told his teacher that he had left it home.

A. being asked B. asked

C. having asked D. to be asked

【题目】假定你是张峰,一家英文报社邀请你调查一下中学生对网络使用的情况,并依据调查写一篇报道。请根据下表提供的信息,对你的调查做简要介绍,发给报社。

注意:1. 词数:100左右;

2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；

3. 文章开头已给出(不计入总词数)。

As we all know, the Internet is playing an important part in our daily life. _____________________________________________________________________

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