【题目】A clinic in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, works to support the health of people and forests.

Kinari Webb is an American doctor who helped start the non-profit group that operates the clinic. The group is known as ASRI. Dr. Webb says most communities value the local forests, but illegal logging(伐木) was often their only way to earn money to pay for health care. "Villagers know that if they protect the forest, that’s good for their long-term well-being. But if they have no money to see a doctor, they have to do illegal logging," said Dr. Webb.

The clinic is in Sukadana, a village outside Gunung Palung National Park. Each month someone from ASRI visits the surrounding villages to see if they are actively logging or burning land within the park. Communities that do not take part in illegal logging pay about 40 percent less for health care than those that do. Also, the clinic uses a barter system. Patients can pay with things like handmade baskets, labor exchanges, young trees or fruit they grow.

Patients learn about environmental conservation as they wait to register at the clinic. Many of the 70 staff members also help communities learn about organic farming and other ways to earn money. In May, ASRI started a program to identify forest "guardians". These guardians work with the community to try to prevent illegal logging. One of the guardians says he entered the program because ASRI helped his son recover from tuberculosis(肺结核).

The clinic is small, but very busy. However, people did not trust the clinic at first. They wanted to go to the only hospital in the area. Yet its resources are limited and villagers often have to travel more than two hours to get there.

Now, people happily share stories about the clinic. Amelia’s mother is one of them. She started going there when her daughter was eight months old. She says the treatment is good. Dr. Webb smiled when she heard that.

Dr. Webb said: "Health care is an incredible key. And everyone everywhere around knows that we really care and that we are helping save their lives."

1A barter system is a system in which .

A. people trade by the exchange of goods

B. patients can receive a free treatment

C. customers pay the goods in cash

D. trees are taken good care of

2Kinari Webb set up the clinic for the following purposes EXCEPT .

A. treating the local patients

B. protecting the forests

C. teaching people about organic farming

D. forcing the only hospital out of the area

3We can infer that .

A. only a few people went to the clinic at the beginning

B. the clinic is well equipped

C. Amelia’s mother is not satisfied with the medical service

D. the only hospital in the area is of poor service

【题目】Scientists have long understood the key role that oceans play in regulating the Earth’s climate. Oceans cover 70 percent of the globe and store a thousand times more heat than the atmosphere does. What’s newer is the understanding of how this key component of our climate system responds to global warming.

A brake on global warming for now

One of oceans’most important climate functions is absorbing heat and carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the gases that cause global warming. Acting as a heat sponge (海绵), oceans have absorbed huge amounts of heat and CO2 in the last forty years.

Fujita explains that "oceans are saving us from faster climate change they are a big flywheel that delays rapid overheating of the Earth, putting a brake on the climate system."

"That’s the good news," he adds. "The bad news is that oceans only slow the atmospheric warming. Once oceans come to balance with a greenhouse gas warmed earth, the extreme heat will remain in the atmosphere and things will get much hotter." But where and how oceans release this accumulated (积累的) heat is uncertain. And as oceans store heat, fragile underwater ecosystems are struggling.

The most recent scientific report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) also notes with concern that oceans are acidifying because of increased absorption of atmospheric CO2, and thus causing a threat for shell-forming species. Sharp increases in carbon dioxide levels will cause further acidification of oceans.

Currents distributing heat

Another important role oceans play is that of distributor. Oceans deliver heat and life-sustaining nutrients around the globe. Just as blood vessels bring oxygen and nutrients to cells in the human body, oceans’ currents carry oxygen, nutrients and heat throughout the Earth. Oceans distribute 25 percent to 50 percent of the energy the planet receives from the sun. For example, the Gulf Stream carries heat across the Atlantic. This warm current gives northwestern Europe a milder climate than it would normally have so far north. A change to oceans’ circulation (循环) patterns could throw Europe into a colder period, even as the rest of world experiences warmer temperatures.

1We can infer from the passage that .

A.oceans cause global warming

B.oceans stop global warming

C.oceans release nutrients and heat

D.ocean ecosystems face more dangers

2From the passage we can learn that oceans’ currents .

A.produce oxygen and nutrients everywhere

B.absorb 25% to 50% of the energy from the sun

C.distribute heat and nutrients around the globe

D.change oceans’ circulation patterns

3Which of the following is NOT the result of oceans absorbing heat and carbon dioxide?

A.It causes further acidification.

B.It affects shell-forming species.

C.It makes the atmosphere hotter.

D.It regulates the Earth’s climate.

4This passage mainly talks about .

A.the roles of oceans B.global warming

C.ocean currents D.carbon dioxide

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