American women who work as computer programmers, chefs and dentists earn 28 percent less than men doing the same jobs. Those are the jobs with the biggest wage differences between men and women, according to a new study.

On the whole, the study found that women earn 5.4 percent less than men for doing the same job, in the same location and for the same employer. The wage differences between women and men were similar in the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany and France.

5.4 percent is a big difference in pay between men and women because it cannot be explained by women and men taking the same kinds of jobs. It can only be explained by bias(偏见) against women, or other causes, such as women not being good at asking for pay.

Research suggests that women do not negotiate as well as men when it comes to pay. And women are generally more uncomfortable asking fellow employees how much they make, so they cannot see if they are being paid fairly.

According to the study, women earned at least 15 percent less than men in these job categories: psychologists, pharmacists, physicians, opticians, pilots and game artists.

But in the fields of social work, selling merchandise, research assistants and physician advisors, women earn more than men. In social work, women earned 7.8 percent more than men, the report said. That was the job category with the biggest advantage for women. It was still far less than the 28 percent pay advantage for men in some fields.

Comparing salaries for full-time workers, women earn only 79 percent as much as men. Over a lifetime, that much of a difference in pay can amount to a large amount of money.

Women only earned 57 percent as much as men in 1975. It is now up to 79 percent. That is progress, the report says, but not enough.

1.Which of the following has the biggest pay differences between women and men?

A. A pilot. B. A game artist.

C. A research assistant. D. A computer programmer.

2.Why do women earn less than men when doing the same job?

A. They are not good at negotiating for pay.

B. They care less about their pay than men.

C. Women look down upon themselves.

D. They don’t work as effectively as men.

3.How much income do full-time women workers lose compared with men?

A. 5.4%. B. 7.8%.

C. 21%. D. 28%.

4.What does the report think of the women’s pay?

A. It is growing rather quickly. B. It is rising but not satisfying.

C. It is not fair for women workers. D. It is reasonable for present situation.

For many people, history classes are seen as no more than requirements for getting degrees in chemistry, biology, business, marketing, etc. 1. Below are a few reasons why it’s vital that today’s people continue to learn about the past.

Understanding where people come from plays a key role in understanding who they are.2. For this reason, it’s extremely important to learn history in order to understand why people are the way that they are.

Through history classes, you can experience a shift (改革) in the way you think. 3.It’s important to develop minds to be able to consider problems from different angles. Finally, this shift can improve your ability to analyze and understand situations, to make educated decisions and to learn how to weigh the consequences related to each choice before you.

4.The idea that history repeats itself is rooted in truth. From wars to fashion to political trends, historians are often able to make predictions about the future based upon the past. By having a deep understanding of what happened in the past, today’s people can better prepare for brighter futures by making the right decisions—instead of repeating old mistakes.

Many people may not believe that a degree in history can lead to a well-paid job. In fact, students who graduate with degrees in history can become lawyers, business owners, think tank members, educators, leaders in historical organizations writers and so on. 5..

A.Whichever job you take, it can provide a comfortable life.

B.Learning about history can get students admitted to key universities

C.That means you look at things from a new point of view.

D.Learning from the past prevents future mistakes.

E.The key to enjoying the study of history is to find classes that interest you.

F.But the truth is that studying history is a wonderful way to prepare for a successful future.

G.History has shaped cultures, attitudes and social structures; it has shaped the world and its citizens.

In winter, I often walk in a nearby park during lunch time. The park is ______, as few people have the time to enjoy the winter sun on a weekday. The two people that are often seen are a middle-aged father and his little daughter ______ her school uniform. The father looks like he has all the time in the world—he ______ to hurry along the jogging path; instead he matches his pace with ______ of the little girl. Sometimes they are lying ______ in the sun, laughing and chatting. The man certainly doesn’t look ______. What sort of job can he have that gives him the flexibility to walk in the park in the middle of the day

And today, we ______ sat on the rocks and had a little chat. “You must enjoy the park very much to come here so often,” I said. The father nodded. “How” I asked curiously, “do you ______ to leave your office to be with your daughter every day”
The ______ that the father, Satyendra Dugbey, told me showed me how, if we ______under the surface, even ordinary people’s life can be quite ______.“I used to be no different from any of those thousands of office workers ______ to work every day,” he began. His wife and he were well ______ but rarely managed time off for leisure.

Everything changed after a(n) ______ in which Dugbey was hit by a car. As he lay in hospital, terrifying thoughts came into his mind. “How would my daughter, then only four, remember me if I died that day” “Would my daughter have ______ of being with her father”

The moment he recovered and went back to work, Dugbey took time off at lunch, ______ her daughter from school which was just next door to his working place, and took her to the park.

It was actually a very small change he’d made, he said, but it ______ him every day to see the difference it ______ to his life. “It brings me so much ______ that I can’t believe why others haven’t thought of doing the same thing.” he said simply.

I got up to continue my ______walk, unexpectedly happy after his story.

1.A. noisy B. appealing C. quiet D. still

2.A. on B. in C. with D. under

3.A. tends B. intends C. inspires D. refuses

4.A. it B. that C. this D. those

5.A. heavily B. tiredly C. lazily D. lonely

6.A. unemployed B. untrained C. untested D. unwanted

7.A. truly B. generally C. entirely D. finally

8.A. succeed B. fail C. manage D. suggest

9.A. news B. story C. data D. phenomenon

10.A. dig B. push C. clean D. knock

11.A. extraordinary B. common C. peaceful D. reliable

12.A. hurrying B. wandering C. hesitating D. hating

13.A. down B. over C. above D. off

14.A. affair B. accident C. situation D. sight

15.A. association B. consideration C. misunderstanding D. memories

16.A. picked up B. picked out C. took up D. took out

17.A. bothered B. puzzled C. frighten D. amazed

18.A. took B. led C. made D. got

19.A. love B. joy C. relief D. depression

20.A. long-suffering B. long-lost C. long-forgotten D. long-lasting

People do have different ideas about what 1. (wear). While young people tend to consider more about fashion, personality and how they look when 2. (choose) clothes, elderly people pay 3. (great) attention to whether they appear right, they feel comfortable as well as whether the material is worth 4. price.

How people get dressed also changes over time. Take China 5. an example. In the 1960’s and 1970’s, there were practically only two or three colors people wore—blue, green and gray. The styles of the clothes 6. (be) also very dull. In the 1980’s young people would only wear 7. was in fashion. 8. (recent), we have come to understand that the way you dress 9. (you) is a reflection of your occupation, your background and your personality, 10.we see different people wear different clothes according to occasions, their likes and feelings.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Three days before, my aunt went to attend a meeting. After the meeting, she went to a restaurant for a lunch. Therefore, when it was time to pay the bill, she couldn’t find her purse. She thought it must have stolen. Just then, a man in his early twenty came up and paid for her. My aunt was very gratefully. They talked about each other for a while and my aunt finally realize who he was. My aunt had collected some money to helping a boy before. That young man was the boy. My aunt didn’t recognize her, but the kindness had never been forgotten.

假设你是李华，暑假将至，你的外国朋友Alice发来邮件请你推荐旅游目的地，请给她回复一封邮件，内容包括：

1.景点位置、地位

2.当地特色（自然人文、美食、交通等）

3.相关提示

注意：1. 文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

2. 可适当增加细节，使文章内容充实、连贯。

3. 词数100词左右。

Dear Alice,

Hearing that you will spend the summer vacation touring in China, I’m more than glad to offer my recommendation.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

You may need to give first aid. First aid is defined(下定义) as the emergency care given to a sick or injured person. The goals of first aid are to prevent death and to prevent injuries from becoming worse.

Each emergency condition is different. However, the following rules apply to any kind of emergency.

☆ Be aware of your limitations. Do not try to do more than you are able to. Nor should you do things if you are unfamiliar with them. Do what you can under the conditions at the time.

☆ Stay calm. Acting calmly will help the victim feel safe.

☆ Take a quick look to see if the victim is bleeding, and if there is a pulse.

☆ Keep the victim lying down and do not move him or her.You could make an injury worse if you move the victim.

☆ Take necessary emergency steps.

☆ Call for help or ask someone to make the EMS system（急救系统）start.

☆ Do not remove clothing unless you have to.If clothing must be removed,tear the clothes along the seams（线缝）.

☆ Keep the victim warm. Cover the victim with a blanket. Coats and sweaters can be used if a blanket cannot be found.

☆ Reassure the victim. Explain what is happening and that help has been called.

☆ Do not give the victim any food or fruits.

☆ Keep the bystanders away from the victim. Bystanders want to have a look, offer advice, and say something about the victim's condition. The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it really is.

1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. You should help an injured person in any condition.

B. Don't remove the clothing of the injured person whatever happens.

C. It is necessary to cover the victim with a blanket.

D. If the injured person feels hungry, you should give him or her some food.

2.Why should bystanders be kept away from the victim?

A. Because bystanders can prevent the victim from receiving first aid

B. Because what they say can make the victim think the condition is very bad.

C. Because the victim doesn't want to accept the advice of bystanders.

D. Because the victim hates being surrounded by bystanders.

3.The main purpose of the passage is to tell ________.

A. how to save a person

B. what to do when an accident happens

C. how to call for help

D. how to give first aid

City people usually think they are a lot smarter than country people. They often laugh at simple country ways. But people do not laugh at country music. It is one of the most popular kinds of music in the United States today.

Perhaps it is so popular because it is about simple but strong human feelings and events—love, sadness, good times and bad times, it tells real life stories and sounds the way people really talk. As life becomes more and more complicated(复杂的), it is good to hear music about ordinary people.

Country music, sometimes called country western, comes from two kinds of music. One is the traditional music of the people in the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the West. The singers usually play the guitars, and in the 1920s they started using electric guitars.

At first city people said country music was low-class. It was popular mostly in the South. But during World War Ⅱ, thousands of Southerners went to the Northeast and Midwest to work in the factories. They took their music with them. Soldiers from the rest of the country went to army camps in the South. They learned to like country music. Slowly it became popular all over the country.

Today country music is popular everywhere in the United States and Canada, in small towns and in New York City, among black and white, and among educated and uneducated people. About 1,200 radio stations broadcast country music twenty-four hours a day. People sing it in their languages. The music that started with cowboys and poor farmers is now popular all over the world.

1.People enjoy country music because______.

A. it is about ordinary people B. it is easy to learn

C. it is free of charge D. it is very exciting

2.The fourth paragraph mainly tells us______.

A. why people love country music in the United States

B. when people began to enjoy country music

C. how country music became more and more popular

D. where country music was most popular

3.From the last paragraph we can see that______.

A. all people enjoy country music all over the world

B. country music is well received all over the world

C. rich people love country music best of all

D. black people enjoy country music best of all

4.Which of the following can be used as the best title for this passage?

A. American Country Music

B. Life in the American Country

C. American Cowboys

D. American Radio Stations

Melissa Poe was 9 years old when she began a campaign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to the then President Bush.Through her own efforts,her letter was reproduced（复制）on over 250 donated billboards（广告牌）across the country.

The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment(Kids F.A.C.E.) in 1989. There are now 300,000 members of Kids FACE worldwide and is the world's largest youth environmental organization.

Poe has also asked the National Park Service to carry out a "Children's Forest" project in every national park. In 1992, she was invited as one of only six children in the world to speak at the Earth Summit in Brazil as part of the Voices of the Future Program. In 1993, she was given a Caring Award for her efforts by the Caring Institute.

Since the organization started, Kids F.A.C.E.members have distributed and planted over 1 million trees! Ongoing tree-planting projects include Kid's Yards—the creation of backyard wildlife habitats and now Kids F.A.C.E.is involved in the exciting Earth Odyssey, which is a great way to start helping.

"Starting the club turned out to be a way to help people get involved with the environment. Club members started doing things like recycling, picking up litter and planting trees as well as inviting other kids to join their club."

"We try to tell kids that it's not OK to be lazy," she explains. "You need to start being a responsible, environmentally friendly person now, right away, before you become a resource-sucking adult."

1.Kids F.A.C.E is _____.

A. a program to help students with writing B. a project of litter recycling

C. a campaign launched by President Bush D. a club of environmental protection

2.What can we learn about Poe?

A. She was awarded a prize in Brazil.

B. She donated billboard across the country.

C. She got positive responses for her efforts.

D. She joined the National Park Service.

3.Kid's Yards is _____.

A. established in a national park

B. started to protect wildlife

C. a tree-planting project

D. an entertainment park for kids

4.Which of the following can be inferred from the text?

A. Adults are resource-sucking people.

B. Poe sought help from a youth organization.

C. Kids F.A.C.E members are from the U.S.

D. Kids are urged(呼吁) to save natural resources.

Even nowadays there is a lot of misunderstanding between nationalities. Let's have a look at what the following people have to say.

Maria Conti: I find the English people insincere, cold and unfriendly. They keep saying "Thank you", "I'm sorry" even when they don't know each other. They are even polite to their own relatives. Except for helping you find your way in the streets, they aren't really friendly and never invite you to their houses.

Giannis Stinios: On the contrary I found them broad-minded and friendly.I was invited to people's houses and they all showed great interest in my ideas,Greek life and people.In England I learned that it was possible to be warm, friendly and polite at the same time.

Judy Brown: I lived in both Italy and Greece for a few years.At first there were a few misunderstandings between my foreign friends and myself. For example, I once gave a Greek friend a present for her birthday party.I was rather sorry that she did not unwrap it immediately. What's more, she even didn't thank me until I asked her if she liked it.I've learned from different experiences that a lot of foreigners find our attitude to what we English people call politeness rather insincere. They feel that politeness isn't necessary between friends.

1.According to Maria Conti, it is ________.

A. insincere to keep saying "Thank you" and "I'm sorry"

B. necessary for relatives to be polite to each other

C. unfriendly for the English people to help you find your way in the streets

D. not polite for the English people to invite her to their houses

2.Giannis Stinios is from ________.

A. England B. Greece

C. Italy D. America

3.When the English people receive gifts from their friends or relatives, they ________.

A. wrap them at once

B. unwrap them immediately

C. put them away at first

D. always ask their friends or relatives if they like them

4.According to Judy Brown’s experience, ________.

A. what the English people call politeness is a truth

B. the English people are less polite than the people in other countries

C. ideas of what are good manners are the same in different countries

D. ideas of what is politeness are not always the same in different countries