George Aldrich, whose official title is chemical specialist, works at NASA’s White Sands Test Facility in New Mexico. He uses his nose to protect astronauts from unpleasant or harmful odors (气味). His near four-decade career has involved smelling objects from technical handbooks to astronauts’ personal things.

It’s crucial that all items taken aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are odorless. Since astronauts are allowed to bring personal items aboard, all their objects must be smell-checked before leaving Earth. In a video provided by Science Channel, Aldrich relates on specific occasion when an astronaut wanted to build a ship in a bottle in space. Everything in the ship-building process had to be sniffed — right down to the glue.

Aldrich and his team are responsible for making sure that objects are not only odorless but also harmless to astronauts. When the ISS heats up, a process called off-gassing occurs, which means chemicals flow out from certain substances (物质). Objects that would be safe on Earth could give off unpleasant odors or become dangerous when exposed to high temperatures in the ISS’s unique environment.

Of course, humans aren’t the only testers or the first to be exposed to potentially dangerous objects. Before Aldrich sticks his nose into a substance, it has been examined by machines. Even though machines can detect unsafe substances, computers cannot tell exactly how things smell to humans. While something could be technically fine, it could be smelly to an astronaut.

Aldrich’s nose is not alone there. He is the head of a hard-sniffing team of smell testers. Together they smell each object and rate it on a scale (等级) of 1 to 4. According to NASA, I cannot be detected, and 4 is considered not bearable. After the scientists conclude their tests, the scores are averaged. If an item is rated more than 2.4 on the scale, it fails the test and is not allowed on the flight.

1.Which can describe the smell check from Paragraph 2?

A. Quite dangerous. B. Extremely strict.

C. Rather boring. D. Very complex.

2.What is a threat to astronauts’ safety at the ISS?

A. Negative emotions. B. Odor-related disease.

C. The off-gassing process. D. Changes in temperature.

3.What should be done before Aldrich and his team start their work?

A. Using machines to test objects.

B. Having a meeting to make the scale.

C. Using computers to examine their noses.

D. Listing potentially dangerous substances.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. An unusual smell tester. B. Astronauts’ life at the ISS.

C. Strong odors in a spaceship. D. The smell of personal items.

How to Do Man-on-the Street Interviews

The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 1. But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.

• When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the –street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” 2.

• Hit the streets with confidence. 3. Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic,” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.

• Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Don’t get discouraged.

• 4. Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 5.

• If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.

A. Limit your time.

B. As you approach people, be polite.

C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one.

D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.

E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.

F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.

G. With a question like this, you will get more than a ‘Yes” or “No” reply.

At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds.I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to____bad feelings,to make myself feel better,and to celebrate.Worried about my health,I tried many different kinds of____but nothing worked.I came to believe that I could do nothing about my____.

When I was 50,my weight problem began to affect me____.I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this ____weight any more.

That year,I____a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.A seminar leader shared her____story—she had not only 125 pounds,but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.

____by her story,I created the As We Heal,the World Heals____.My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000____a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.This combination of healing myself and healing the world ____me as the perfect solution.

____I began my own personal weight program,I was filled with the fear that I would____the same difficulties that beat me before.While the____hung over my head,there were also signs that I was headed down the right____.I sent letters to everyone I knew,telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began____in from hundreds of people.

Of course,I also took some practical steps to lose weight.I consulted with a physician,I hired a fitness coach,and I began to eat small and____meals.My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise____.

A year later,I____my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is____and enormous.

1.A. add B. mix C. kill D. share

2.A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes

3.A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight

4.A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly

5.A. ideal B. extra C. normal D. low

6.A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned

7.A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science

8.A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed

9.A. project B. business C. system D. custom

10.A. in search of B. in need of C. in place of D. in support of

11.A. scared B. considered C. confused D. struck

12.A. As B. Until C. If D. Unless

13.A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside

14.A. excitement B. joy C. anger D. fear

15.A. row B. hall C. path D. street

16.A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping

17.A. heavy B. full C. expense D. healthy

18.A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly

19.A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped

20.A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful

Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 1.(carrot) and was about to throw them away .But something made her look closer ,and she noticed a 2.(shine) object .Yes ,there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.

Pahlsson screamed 3. loudly that her daughter came running from the house .“she thought I had hurt 4.(I),” says Pahlsson.

Sixteen years 5.(early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 6.(cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters-then ten. eight, and six-had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 7.(search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again," she says. She never replaced it.

Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 8.(sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 9. it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 10. wonder.

假定英语老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10 处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When I was young, my mother owned a store, in that she also sold magazines and books. I love to stay in the store, reading everything I found. It failed to help develop my ability to judge a good book, and it helped improve my reading skills. Then my mother began to focus on quality instead quantity. She bought books I wouldn’t find them in her store. Later, as my interest at theater began, I spent most of time read Shakespeare and George Bernard Shaw, to name the few. Anyway, good storytelling opened the window to different worlds I otherwise would have never entered. In additions, when I lived through a difficultly period books became advisers.

假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Andy即将到你所在的中学做一年交换生（exchange student），想提前了解一些情况，故写信向你求助。请你给他写一封回信，提供有关天气、当地饮食习惯、学校生活等方面的信息。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾己给出，但不计入总词数。

Dear Andy,

I'm glad to hear that you are coming to study with us for a year as an exchange student.__________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to meeting you.

Yours,

Li Hua

Independent study is not intended as a(n) ________ for reducing course-scheduling difficulties but as a means for exploring in greater depth academic subject matter.

A. exchange B. device

C. suggestion D. reason

Teenagers should be cautious about the content on social networking sites, for their tastes and preferences ________ by what they see in the media.

A. shape B. were shaped

C. are shaped D. have shaped

If the product is significantly different from ________ described in the ad, you have every right to complain to the local authority.

A. one B. ones

C. that D. those

President Trump announced that the United States would ________ from the Paris Climate Agreement, which would possibly weaken efforts to fight global warming.

A. benefit B. withdraw

C. arise D. suffer