“I’m the smartest kid in class.” We all want our kids to be self-confident, but unrealistic perception(认知) of their academic abilities, a new study finds, damage a child’s relationship with others in the classroom: The more one student feels unrealistically superior(更好的) to another, the less the two students like each other.

Katrin Rentzsch of Bamberg University in Germany first became interested in the effects of such self-perception when she was studying how people became labeled as nerds(书呆子). “I really got interested in the question of whether it’s OK to boast(吹嘘) about achievements,” she says.

This line of thinking led her towards something psychologists call “self-enhancement” －when a person feels unrealistically superior to someone else. So Rentzsch and her colleague Michela Schroder-Abe decided to take a closer look at how such self-enhancement affects relationships, so they turned to the eighth-grade classroom, somewhere they could measure differences between actual academic performance, and social popularity. The 358 students came from 20 eighth-grade classes in schools in southeast Germany.

The researchers asked each student to rate their classmates, in terms of their likability and of their feelings of academic superiority. They then compared those ratings with the students’ grades in math, physics, German and English. Importantly, they conducted the analysis at two different social levels: “habitual”－the way people act in general, and “relationship”－the way someone acts around a specific individual.

In future work, Rentzsch would like to look at these effects on adults, perhaps specifically in team work. She’s also interested in self-enhancement beyond academic achievements, for example physical attractiveness. And another question to explore is why students overestimate their academic abilities. Perhaps it is because of too much praise from their parents or teachers.

1.According to paragraph 1, what should a student do to be more popular in class?

A. Try to love other students.

B. Share with others his achievements.

C. Think highly of others’ academic abilities.

D. Have a correct view of his academic abilities.

2.What was each student required to do during the study?

A. Analyze their relationships with others.

B. Compare themselves with the others.

C. Make assessments about each other.

D. Share their academic performance.

3.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .

A. students’ academic abilities.

B. students’ desire to be praised.

C. students’ difficulty in exploration.

D. students’ overestimation of their academic abilities.

4.What would Rentzsch study in the future?

A. The effect of self-enhancement on students.

B. The influence of self-enhancement on adults.

C. The cause of people’s physical attractiveness.

D. The ways of making academic achievements.

Starting college is a difficult transition for many students. Here are some ways to make the transition a little bit easier.

Get involved. By joining a team, you not only get to meet older students who can help you get through the transition, you also make friends quickly and have things to do. One of the huge differences from high school to college is the amount of free time you have.1.

Have an open mind. Especially if you are going to a bigger school, it’s important to have an open mind. 2. Yet when you get to college, there are people from all over that have different views on things and act in a different way.

Stay focused. 3. . It is so easy to get caught up in your social life and forget about the academics. Remain focused on your schoolwork and figure out what you want to study, but be sure to have time for social activities as well.

4. Take care of your body. Being away from home and no longer having parents looking after you doesn’t mean you have to throw away all the things you learned about staying healthy. Eat healthily and play sports as you did in high school to stay in shape.

Again, the transition from high school to college can be extremely challenging.5. By following some of these tips, hopefully your transition will be a little smoother and you will get the most out of your freshman year in college!

A.Enjoy the sports.

B.Work to stay healthy.

C.When you are healthy, you feel better.

D.It may not come as easy to you as it does for some students.

E.How you decide to use it determines how well you do in school.

F.You may be used to the people from your town and your high school.

G.The main thing to remember when starting college is what you are actually there for.

I still remember the first day of school our professor introduced a little old lady named Rose to us. I was curious about what might have _____ her to be taking on this challenge at her age. “I always _____ having a college education and now I’m getting one!” she told me. I like listening to this “time machine” as she ______ her wisdom and experience with me.

At the end of the term, we ____ Rose to make a speech to our football team. As she began to deliver her _____ speech, she dropped her note card on the _____ . A little embarrassed, she simply said, “I’m sorry. This whiskey is ______ me! I’ll never get my speech back in order so let me just tell you what I know.” As we laughed, she _______ her throat and began, “We do not stop _____ because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. There are some secrets to staying _______ , being happy, and achieving success. You have to laugh and find _____ every day. Have a dream. When you ______your dreams, you die. We have so many people walking around who are ________ and don’t even know it! There is a huge ______ between growing older and growing up. ______ you are nineteen years old and lie in bed for one full year and don’t do one _______ thing, you will turn twenty years old. That doesn’t ______ any talent or ability. The elderly usually don’t have______ for what they did, but rather for things they did not do.”

One week after graduation, Rose _____ peacefully in her sleep. We will remember the wonderful woman who taught us by example that it’s never too late to be all we can_________ be.

1.A. forced B. motivated C. expected D. supported

2.A. dreamed of B. picked up C. turned down D. gave away

3.A. developed B. compared C. organized D. shared

4.A. carried B. informed C. educated D. invited

5.A. dull B. broken C. prepared D. long

6.A. table B. home C. floor D. office

7.A. saving B. killing C. helping D. hurting

8.A. cured B. showed C. created D. cleared

9.A. playing B. working C. jumping D. resting

10.A. wealthy B. clever C. young D. useful

11.A. courage B. spirit C. respect D. humor

12.A. lose B. treasure C. fail D. live

13.A. crazy B. dead C. alive D. curious

14.A. balance B. difference C. relation D. instruction

15.A. As B. Unless C. If D. Though

16.A. productive B. wasteful C. considerate D. strange

17.A. miss B. seek C. take D. gain

18.A. regrets B. rights C. games D. ideas

19.A. smiled B. died C. cried D. acted

20.A. quickly B. reasonably C. silently D. possibly

As my father had been offered a job in London, our family moved there. 1.(lose) all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school. Luckily for me, I met Roy 2. was a popular boy, helping me to get to know people. Roy and I became good friends and we 3. (trust) each other. However, five years later, Roy’s father was knocked 4. by a car and it was his father’s death that changed him 5. (complete). He became silent and moody, losing interest in his work. Worse still, 3 months ago, I found Roy 6. (go) through the pockets of people’s coats. And then, small 7. (amount) of money started to disappear from students’ lockers. Last week, the 500 pounds 8. (raise) for a charity was stolen. I wondered 9. the thief was Roy so I decided to ask him about the theft. To my surprise, I found a lot of paper notes in Roy’s jacket. Should I keep 10.a secret or tell the truth?

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Now I am in senior 2. Be a high school student, I like to talk with foreigners to practise my oral English but learn more about other cultures. There were two foreign teachers in our school in this term. They often go to the English corner so that we can have a chance to practise a language. I seize every chance talk with them.

However ,sometimes I find they are not so interested in that I say. And it’s hard for him to choose a suitable topic. I would like some advices about how to communicate proper with foreigners, and what topics to choose.

假如你是李华，最近与好友Mike吵架了，事后你非常后悔，想修复与好友的关系。现在写邮件给你在美国的笔友Peter写信请求帮助。邮件的内容包括：

1.吵架的原因。

2.吵架后的感受。

3.请求Peter提出建议。

注意：1. 词数 100 词左右。

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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Throughout your life you will have many different kinds of relationships. Some relationships are casual and some are close. Strong, close relationships are fulfilling(有意义的). Most people need at least a few relationships of this type.

Ben liked to tell this story about his good friend Isaac: “Once after a big storm, tree branches were all over the yard, which meant I had a full morning of work. Then Isaac came, saying that since I had offered to drive us to the football game that afternoon, he wanted to save me the trouble of picking him up. He was three hours early, however, and he ‘just happened’ to have a rake(耙子) and heavy work gloves with him.”

Isaac showed he understood a basic principle of strong relationships: both sides give as well as receive, otherwise the relationship is unlikely to last.

In strong relationships, giving and getting are united. You feel worthy as a person when you have something to give. When you receive, you give thanks and show appreciation. The cycle of giving and receiving is on going.

One way to help keep relationships strong is to give a word of thanks to anyone who helps you. People can feel hurt if their help isn't acknowledged. For example, Amrit was growing frustrated because Curtis kept calling for help with his homework. So one day when Curtis called, he even thought about telling his brother to say that he wasn't at home. He was glad he didn't. Curtis had called to say how well he had done in his test and to thank Amrit for his help. Saying those two simple words-“Thank you”-can carry a relationship through rough times.

1.What's the author's purpose of mentioning Ben's good friend, Isaac’s story?

A. To explain strong relationships are based on both sides' giving and receiving.

B. To convince the readers that Isaac is one of Ben's trustworthy friends

C. To show that Ben owns the strongest relationship with Isaac.

D. To show what a close relationship can bring to both sides.

2.What does the underlined phrase “on going” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A. Getting around. B. Continuous.

C. Moving forward. D. Unavoidable.

3.The passage mainly tells us ________.

A. some examples of giving and receiving

B. people need different types of relationships

C. how to build and keep strong relationships through giving and receiving

D. one should remember to give thanks to others from time to time

It seems that electronic devices just keep getting smaller. Scientists in the United States have announced the creation of the first transistor with only two dimensions（二维）.

A transistor is a small electronic device that transfers or carries electronic current. Scientists hope these new 2D transistors will be used for building high-resolution（高分辨率）displays that need very little energy.

Two groups of scientists created these 2D transistors. They report that the transistors are only a few atoms thick.

Usually transistors are made with the element silicon（硅）. Computer processors, memory chips, TV screens and other electronic devices contain billions of silicon-based transistors. But these very small electrical parts have certain limitations.

Dimitris Ioannou is an electrical engineering professor at George Mason University. He says the traditional transistor has been improved as much as it can be.He adds that researchers have been looking for new materials with special features and they want transistors to be seen through and soft.

“If the layers are very thin, the transistor can become flexible, so it doesn't have to be rigid（坚硬的）, like it would be in a silicon chip. So people can think of applications like wearable electronics, television screens and other things,” said Ioannou.

These new transistors can also carry higher current. They also can move the current much faster than traditional transistors. This is important for high-definition screens.

Dimitris Ioannou says the scientific success could prove very useful in the future. "Now, how good and how useful it will be, it's still in the stage of research, but it certainly is an advance," said Ioannou.

1.Which of the following statements about the newly created transistor is TRUE?

A. They are expected to be used in high-resolution displays.

B. The transistors are made with the element silicon.

C. They are rigid, just like traditional transistors.

D. They have already been put into actual use.

2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?

A. The traditional transistors have been changed into two-dimensional ones.

B. Many of the traditional transistors have been improved over the years.

C. The traditional transistor has been developed to its fullest.

D. The traditional transistor has been developed quite well.

3.What is Dimitris Ioannou's attitude towards the creation of the new transistors?

A. Negative. B. Neutral.

C. Indifferent. D. Positive.

Ashley C.Ford, a New York City writer, recently appealed to her 66 000 Twitter followers. “A cool thing you can do today is to try to find out which of your local schools have kids with overdue（过期未付的）lunch accounts and pay them off.”

Children from the poorest families get free or reduced-price breakfast and lunch. But some struggle to pay even reduced prices. Some of the IOUs（借据）come from kids who simply forget their lunch money or parents who can afford to pay but neglect to keep prepaid accounts up to date.

People around the country have been inspired by Ashley C. Ford to donate money to pay off debts owed by parents that can follow kids throughout their school careers.

“It really hit home for me,” said Kristina Arwood, who launched a campaign that raised $20,000 to pay lunch debts in her region. “I grew up on free and reduced-price lunches, but even that 40 cents was hard to get together with four kids. There were times I wouldn't eat because I didn't have money.”

The effort drew some criticism from people who said some of the money is owed by parents who can afford the $2.50 for lunch but let their accounts run into the red. But the response has been mostly positive.

“It's unrealistic to think donations are going to fix this problem for all school districts,” said Diane Pratt-Heavner, spokeswoman for the association.

Ford said her real aim was to inspire a bigger wave of community giving. She said, “It was just one idea; another school might need help with uniforms or tutoring. The point was to do something that helps people in your community.”

1.Kids with overdue lunch accounts may be those ________.

A. who refuse to bring their lunch money to school

B. whose parents are unwilling to pay the accounts in advance

C. whose family fail to pay for their meals even at reduced prices

D. who would have the debts follow them throughout their school years

2.Which of the following statements about the campaign launched by Ashley C.Ford is RIGHT?

A. It could solve the problem of school children failing to pay their meals.

B. It received wide support and criticism from some people as well.

C. It raised enough money to cover the IOUs in all school districts.

D. It also focused on helping kids with their school uniforms.

3.What did Kristina mean by saying "It really hit home for me" in Paragraph 4?

A. She was rather surprised at what the kids experienced.

B. She felt as if she were stricken by the kids' sufferings.

C. She felt touched because of her similar experiences in childhood.

D. Her family were suffering because of her donation to the campaign.

4.What is Ashley C. Ford's real aim to appeal to her Twitter followers to donate to the kids?

A. To ensure that the government get universal free meals for all students.

B. To arouse people's concern about those who need uniforms or tutoring.

C. To raise enough money to pay the lunch debts in all the schools.

D. To encourage more people to take action to help those in need.

Most trips will involve some walking, even if the main activity is cycling or horse riding.1. However, if you are going to walk 16-19 km or more a day with a pack on your back, daily for several days, your feet and body will suffer if you have not prepared yourself beforehand.

1. Preparation

2. Start with gentle walks of 3-5 km a day on easy-going areas. Build this up to 16-19 km, walking on local footpaths once or twice a week, wearing your boots and carrying your pack.

Think about your overall physical fitness if you are overweight, or if you have been ill or are recovering from an injury. You need to be sure that this won't cause health problems or severe discomfort.

2. Care of your feet

Never underestimate the importance of comfortable feet on a walking trip; uncomfortable or sore feet can make your trip truly miserable, so it is worth taking care of them properly.

3. Keeping your feet clean will make you more comfortable and washing them every day is advisable. Dry feet well after washing.

3. Deciding on footwear

4. Badly fitting boots can cause discomfort and blisters（水泡）,and this will be enough to ruin your day. Boots should give good ankle support, and this is especially important for mountain walking. 5. For extreme conditions, such as snow and ice, jungle or desert, you will need specially designed boots.

A. A short hike is within most people's capabilities.

B. The most important criterion（标准）with walking boots is that they fit you properly.

C. Take a short walk daily for several days, and your feet and body will improve a lot.

D. Remember that the same boots will not necessarily be suitable for every trip.

E. During the expedition, keep your toenails cut short, so that your boots don't press on them.

F. If you are not an experienced walker, get in some training walks as part of your preparation.

G. To prepare for your walking trip, you have to wash your feet every day for several days.