Polar bears are one of the most popular animals for people. Polar bears are different from every other bear in the world. This is because polar bears have white fur. However, there are many facts about polar bears that people might not be aware of .

The skin of polar bears is black, which according to thinkquest.org allows them to absorb more heat from the sun. Polar bear fur is transparent , because it is made up of hollow guard hairs. Loc.gov explains that the reason polar bears display white fur is that when the sun hits the fur ,the hollow spaces in the hair scatter the light. Since none of the light is absorbed, the light reflected back appears white to human eyes.

Polar bears’ conservation status is considered close to extinction. Global warming is considered the main cause of the decline in polar population. Polar bears use ice floats to hunt for their food. However, these ice floats are melting so polar bears are starting to drown in the search for food ,and the food is becoming more difficult to get. Contrary to popular belief, polar bears do not eat penguins ,because polar bears are not found in the Antarctic region of the world. Polar bears are only found around the Arctic Circle. Polar bears do not drink water. They get all the water they need from the prey they eat.

FES. Gov specifies that polar bears are considered the largest land carnivores(食肉动物) in the world. The polar bear weight ranges between 700--1,500 pounds. Since the polar bear habitat is melting away, their main evolutionary advantages are fading. Polar bears are not able to use their camouflage(伪装) to find prey in habitats not covered with snow. Polar bears do not hibernate(冬眠). However, when the weather gets uncomfortable, or mothers give birth, polar bears will dig themselves a hidden home.

What can we do to help save the polar bears? We can donate to organizations like the World Wildlife Fund, reduce our carbon footprint, and send letters to politicians explaining to them that we need to set up more preserves to help save the polar bear habitat.

1.What do we know about the fur of the polar bears?

A. It absorbs more heat from the sun.

B. It is black and hollow.

C. Light can pass through it.

D. It is white actually.

2.What does “main evolutionary advantages” in Paragraph 4 refer to？

A. Hibernation habit B. The function of their fur

C. Eating meat D. Their weight

3.What do we know from the passage?

A. Polar bears face danger due to the melting of ice floats.

B. The biggest polar bears weigh about 1,000 pounds.

C. Polar bears never hibernate and do not need water.

D. Polar bears are the largest carnivores in the world.

4.Which of the following ways is NOT the measure used to protect polar bears according to the passage?

A. Donating to wildlife conservation organizations.

B. Trying our best to reduce greenhouse gases.

C. Writing letters to make people protect polar bears.

D. Setting up more polar bear conservation organizations.

With the development of society, it is common that many people are rushing all the way and all day, tired and sub-healthy.1. She described all the things she had to do--- one was to make her bed ---from the moment she woke up until she flew out of the door for work. I suggested she experiment by not making her bed for two weeks. She was shocked, probably thinking I’d been brought up by wolves in a forest.2.

Two weeks later she went into my office merrily. She had left her bed unmade for the first time in 42 years--- and nothing bad had happened. “And you know what?” she said. “I don’t dry my dishes anymore, either.”

3. One was discovering that she had choices in her life that she had never seen before. The other was giving herself permission to be less than perfect. This story shows an important principle about managing time: no one can do it all. Each of us has to make choices and accept trade-offs(利弊权衡). The problem is that many people choose in ways that put themselves and their health last. They take better care of their houses and cars than they do of themselves.4.

So what is the solution? There’s an easy way. Decide what you want in your life, and put that first. On a daily basis, that should include regular meals, enough sleep and time with your family. Exercise, leisure, friendships and hobbies should also be regular aspects of life. 5. The choice is yours: whatever makes you feel good about yourself and your life. Take a nap. Take a walk. Take time to play the piano. Stop bringing your briefcase home from the office. Stop keeping your house as clean as your mother kept hers. Fill more of your time with want-to-dos instead of have-to-dos.

A. Most people do not take time to relax themselves.

B. The point is to do something for yourself every day.

C. This woman had made two major breakthroughs.

D. A patient came to see me about the stress in her life.

E. Above all, you needn’t do anything for yourself regularly

F.They put everyone else’s needs ahead of their own.

G. However, she went along with my idea.

It is unavoidable that you have one of those days when nothing seems to go right. Although you try to keep a __ attitude towards the day, you find yourself getting worn down and starting to ___about the way things are going. And then __ walks up to you, gives you a smile and asks if you would like to have a cup of coffee with them. The small act of ___brings a smile to your face as you tell them you would love to.

It does not take much ___to perform an act of kindness. The effort is in learning ___it is needed the most and bringing yourself to do it. __ if you had been the person mentioned above who saw you __ throughout your day, you might not have felt so inclined(倾向于……的) to be____More than likely, you would have wanted to keep your distance and be critical of that complaining. But that person ___that you needed that act of kindness to brighten your day. In being ___to have understanding and compassion for others you will find it __ to show kindness to them.

Criticizing others not only makes them defensive against you, but it also __ you from getting what you need or want from someone. __, try to understand why people do what they do. After all they do have their __ for their words and actions. In understanding their motivations, you are breeding tolerance, sympathy and kindness, and the other person will ___his or her defenses.

Dale Carnegie wrote, “ Perhaps you will____tomorrow the kind words you say today, but the recipient may cherish them over a lifetime.” In showing them kindness, they are more likely to be more productive at work as well as at home, and your act of kindness will make a lasting____on them. They are more likely to do nearly anything for you that you ask____they have more trust in you. It is finding the good in people instead of the bad that __ us to motivate them through our kind ways and receive their kindness in return

1.A. doubtful B. neutral C. depressing D. positive

2.A. argue B. complain C. talk D. think

3.A. someone B. everyone C. he D. anyone

4.A. patience B. trust C. kindness D. funniness

5.A. money B. effort C. time D. energy

6.A. where B. how C. what D. when

7.A. In short B. For example C. As a result D. After all

8.A. working B. talking C. worrying D. complaining

9.A. careful B. annoyed C. kind D. disappointed

10.A. understood B. accepted C. promised D. agreed

11.A. able B. certain C. eager D. afraid

12.A. hard B. polite C. easy D. important

13.A. makes B. stops C. allows D. reduces

14.A. Meanwhile B. Then C. Besides D. Instead

15.A. reasons B. decisions C. choices D. rules

16.A. build up B. come to C. let down D. turn down

17.A. explain B. forget C. recall D. recognize

18.A. choice B. decision C. Impression D. comparison

19.A. although B. unless C. once D. since

20.A. turns B. warns C. allows D. introduces

Bank of China and Alibaba are the dream employers for Chinese students, according to a new survey.

The survey of more than 55,000 students ,1.(conduct) by a research firm Universum, found that2.(rough) a quarter want to work for an international company,3.only 9% want to work for a start-up and Five per cent want to start their own business.

When it comes to desirable companies, business students 4.(name) Bank of China the top choice for seven years and it shows no signs of giving up its lead.

William Wu, manager of Universum, said that banking remains 5.attractive industry for young Chinese. “China’s government is now emphasizing the revolution of the finance industry, 6.leaves the younger generation with the 7.(impress) that though banking is a traditional industry ,there are still a lot of development 8. (opportunity),” Wu said.

Alibaba improved six places from 2014,9.(rank) second 10.business students. It held a record- breaking $25 billion IPO in September.

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

One Monday morning,Mr Li, a famous scholar and schoolmate of our school was invited deliver a speech to us Senior 3 students. Mr Li graduated from our school twenty years ago but then studied in Beijing University. Instead of being a programmer, he followed his heart and become a musician after the graduation. He is now a well-known musician.

In his speech, he said that it was his hard works and efforts that made him who he is today. Though the circumstance was hard, he made fully use of everything to study, which contributed to be admitted to Beijing University. His speech was so inspired that all the students present expressed that we would work harder for a bright future.

假设你是李华,你校外教David对中国长城很感兴趣。本周六你们学校邀请清华大学的王教授到校进行有关长城的讲座。请你给David发一封电子邮件,邀请他来参加讲座并向他介绍讲座的有关事宜。

1.讲座内容:长城修建原因及其建筑特点；

2.讲座的时间:5月7日(星期六)上午8:00---11:00；

3.讲座地点:3号教学楼一楼102室；

4.讲座后还将有提问环节。

注意:

1.词数100 左右；

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。

参考词汇: 清华大学Tsinghua University

Dear David,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

Rocky Mountain Summer Adventure Camps Bring Learning to Life!

The Museum of Idaho Rocky Mountain Adventure Camps are available for students aged 6-14. Participants will have amazing outdoor experiences combined with adventure and fun. Space is limited to 20participants each session and registration is not complete until payment has been received by the Museum of Idaho. Registration fee is non-returnable.

Junior Adventure Camp

Children aged 6-9 (must have completed first grade).

Well conduct experiments, go on field trips, and discover the fun and excitement of science! This year, we will learn about colonial（殖民主义的）science to go along with our exhibit, America’s Revolution!

Instructor: Chloe Doucette

Dates: June 27- June30

Time: 9:00 a.m. - noon

Cost: $75 per child, $60 per child for MOI members, $50 each additional brother or   sister

Original Camp

Children aged 9-12 (must have completed third grade)

Original Camp is for children who are ready for an exciting full-day outdoor camp. Participants visit various habitats and ecosystems as we explore eastern Idaho. Well go bird watching, hiking in the mountains, and lots more!

Instructors: Alana Jensen, Jerry Petty

Dates: July 18- July21

Time: 9:00 a.m.  4:00 p.m.(9:00-6:00 on the last day)

Cost: $150 per child, $125 per child for MOI members, $100 each additional brother or sister

High Adventure Camp

Youth aged 11-14 (must have completed fifth grade)

High Adventure Camp is for youth who are looking for an amazing summer adventure! This outdoor camp is full of exciting physical challenges and involves participants in even more in-depth activities than the Original Camp. This year, students will study how rattlesnakes experience the outdoors!

Instructors: Chloe Doucette, Mike Winston, Jerry Petty

Dates: August 8- August 11

Time: 9:00 a.m.  4:00 p.m.(9:00  6:00 on the last day)

Cost: $150 per child, $125 per child for MOI members, $100 each additional brother or sister

Participate in both Original AND High Adventure for only $200! Call522-1400 ext. 3002 to take advantage of this great offer. If you have any questions about the Museum of Idaho’s education programs, contact Chloe Doucette, Education Director at (208) 522-1400 ext.3002.

1.If participants want to register successfully, they need to _________.

A. choose their favorite instructors

B. make up a team of 20 participants

C. be accompanied by family

D. pay for the fee ahead of time

2.To make experiments, what will a 9-year-old boy choose?

A. Original Camp. B. Junior Adventure Camp.

C. High Adventure Camp. D. Three of them.

3.How much will a child and his brother spend at least if they sign up for both Original and High Adventure Camp?

A. $400. B. $450.

C. $500. D. $550.

My husband and I had been married nearly twenty-two years when I acquired Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a disorder where my immune（免疫的）system responded to a virus by producing painful blisters. Although my long-term evaluation was good, I, who had been so fiercely independent, rapidly became absolutely helpless.

My husband, Scott, stepped up to the plate, taking care of kids and cooking dinners. He also became my personal caretaker, applying the medicine to all of my blisters because my hands couldn’t do the job. Needless to say, I had negative emotions, bouncing from embarrassment to shame caused by total reliance on someone other than myself.

I recovered from my illness, but I couldn’t seem to recover from the thought that I loved my husband less than he loved me. This seeming distinction in our love continued to annoy me for the year following my illness.

Then recently Scott and I went on a long bike ride. He’s an experienced cyclist; I’m quite the green hand. At one point with a strong headwind and sharp pain building in my tired legs, I really thought I couldn’t go any further. Seeing me struggle, Scott pulled in front of me and yelled over his shoulder, “Stay close behind me.” As I followed his steps, I discovered that my legs quit burning and I was able to catch my breath. My husband was pulling me along-again.

I pray my husband will always be strong and healthy. But if he should ever become the struggling one, whether on a bike ride or with an illness, I trust Ill be ready to call out to him, Stay close behind me--my turn to pull you along.

1.The author felt helpless because _________.

A. She lost the previous independence

B. She failed to get the medical treatment

C. Her marriage was in a terrible state

D. She suffered from mental disorder

2.Which of the following best describes the authors husband according to Paragraph 2?

A. Impatient. B. Independent.

C. Family-centered. D. Career-centered.

3.When going on the long bike ride, the authors husband_________.

A. followed her closely B. backed her up all the way

C. gave in to her depression D. stopped to take care of her leg

4.What message does the author convey in the passage?

A. Strong will. B. Selfless love.

C. Reliance on each other. D. Optimistic attitude to life.

Everyone loves a hot shower, except maybe your skin and hair. As it turns out, hot water dries out skin and leaves hair dry and easily broken, Sejal Shah, MD (Doctor of Medicine) in New York City, told Women’s Health. And if you dye (染)your hair, the color is likely to fade faster once the water gets steamy. To make matters worse, by making your skin lose natural oils, hot showers—above 99 degrees Fahrenheit—may bring about health problems. You may not like it, but the showers temperature that offers the greatest hair and skincare benefits is, well, cold.

Cold showers “strengthen the contractile fibers around pores(毛孔), muscles, and hairs which improves the firmness of skin,” says Carl Thornfeldt, MD with over 30 years of skin research experience. Though many people believe hot showers open and clear pores, it’s actually wiser to close them. “Closing pores helps keep pollution from getting into the skin, at least temporarily,”

The benefits of cold showers are numerous, but surely we can’t be expected to stand under cold water shivering every day especially in winter--not to mention that too cold (below the body’s average temperature of 96.6 degrees Fahrenheit) is also bad. Fortunately, Dr. Thornfeldt recommends a happy medium. “The best solution is to take a warm, not too hot shower and then finish off with cold water for the last few seconds to still gain the rewards of the cold water,” he says.

That doesn’t sound too unbearable. Considering the fact that our beloved, steamy showers may cause so much damage to skin and hair, it’s best to switch to slightly warm temperatures to avoid losing natural oils and drying out, especially in winter when indoor heat is already sucking moisture(水分) out of skin. So, when the main part of an extremely comfortable warm shower is complete, finish off with a cool splash. Your hair and skin will thank you!

1.Why does your hair dislike a hot shower?

A. It leads to hair loss B. It make your hair fragile

C. It make your hair go grey D. It causes hair-related illness

2.How do cold showers benefit skin?

A. They brighten skin color B. They drive dirt out of skin

C. They make skin stronger D. They make pores nearly unseen

3.What does the underlined word “shivering” probably mean?

A. shaking with cold B. trembling with fear

C. recovering from pain D. fighting with courage

4.What kind of water is advised to use for showers?

A. Completely cold water

B. Water as warm as your body

C. Warm water and cold water by turns

D. Warm water mainly and cold water at the end

Scientists have found living organisms trapped in crystals(晶体) that could be 50,000 years old.

The organisms were found in a hot, but beautiful cave system in Naica, Mexico. These ancient life forms can be seen only with a microscope. Penelope Boston, who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA, the space agency of the United States, says the ancient microbes(微生物) were able to live by eating minerals such as iron.

She spoke about the discovery recently at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. If the findings are confirmed, they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions. Forty different kinds of microbes and some viruses were found in the underground area. The genetic structures of these organisms are 10 percent different from those of their nearest relatives.

The caves in Naica are 800 kilometers deep. They were once used for mining lead. Before the miners began working in the caves, the area was separated from the surface and the outside world. Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europe's Middle Ages. There are crystals covering the walls. The caves are so hot that scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool. The clothing keeps the crystals safe from human germs（病菌）or other damage. Boston said the researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they had to go to a room that was 38 degrees Celsius to cool down.

NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts before last week's announcement. So scientists could not say much about the findings. But Norine Noonan, a biologist with the University of South Florida, said she believed them. "Why are we surprised?" Noonan asked. "As a biologist, I would say life on Earth is extremely tough and extremely colorful."

Boston is also studying microbes commonly found inside caves in other countries, such as Ukraine and the United States. These microbes appear to be impossible to kill. Boston said they show how difficult life on Earth can be.

1.The existence of the ancient microbes relies on _______.

A. surrounding insects B. diverse plants

C. eating minerals D. absorbing air

2.What can we infer about the caves in Naica from the passage?

A. The walls are covered by crystals.

B. The temperature in the caves is quite low.

C. The caves have been explored since they were formed.

D. The environment in the caves is difficult to adapt to.

3.What is the biologist Norine Noonan’s attitude towards the findings?

A. Critical B. Positive.

C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent.

4.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Living organisms bring hope to scientific research.

B. Scientists Discover 50,000-year-old “super life” in Mexico.

C. Microbes show great power to survive in terrible conditions.

D. Caves provide living environment for living organisms.