15．When 1was a boy we used to live across the road from a big hill with huge oak trees growing out of it．When winter arrived，thick，heavy snow would fall，and my two brothers would grab their sleds heading over to the hill for a day of fun．I remember watching them with envy because 1was still too small to go sledding．Finally，one winter 1was considered big enough and joined my brothers as they carried their sleds up the long hill and prepared to ride down it．
The first few trips I rode with one of my brothers and had the time of my life．It was so exhilarating hen the wind whipped across my face as I flew down the hillside on the wooden sled．Near the end of the day 1was overjoyed too when my oldest brother decided to let me try riding the sled all by myself．I climbed on it full of excitement and lay on my stomach．Then with one big push my brother sent me down the snowy hillside．1was doing pretty well too until I hit an old stump hidden by the snow and went off course，straight towards one of those big oak trees．My heart pounded in my chest and I could hear myself screaming．At the last possible second I rolled off and the sled crashed into the tree．I could hear my brothers running down the hill yelling，"You have to steer（操控）!You have to steer!"
Sadly，that wasn't the last time I failed to steer when some obstacle knocked me off course in my life．Many times problems，troubles，and my own failures have sent me crashing into the trees of anger，frustration，and despair．I am still learning that life isn't always safe sledding．I am still learning that it is up to me to steer myself back to love，back to kindness，back to goodness，and back to God．
Life is a trip，but no one ever said it was a smooth ride．Steer well then．Steer straight．Steer your soul towards the light and the love we are all meant for．

25．What do we know about the author when he was very young？C
A．He lived on a big hill with huge oak trees on it．
B．He was frightened to go sledding with his brothers．
C．He longed to go sledding with his brothers．
D．He carried his brothers'sleds as they went sledding．
26．Which of the following can replace the underlined word"exhilarating"in Paragraph 2？A
A．delightful   
 B．Terrifying   
 C．ordinary 
D．violent
27．Why did the author fall off his sled？B
A．Because his sled crashed in an oak tree．
B．Because he lost control of his sled．
C．Because his brother pushed it so hard．
D．Because the hillside was snowy．
28．What does the author mean to tell us？C
A．Losing control of a sled can be dangerous．
B．Courage and determination can change one's life．
C．Life can be controlled by one himself
D．Life is a mystery full of coincidences．
14．She looks like any other schoolgirl，fresh-faced and full of life．Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course．But unlike school friends，16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term  is not spending half-term  （56）resting  （rest）Instead，she is earning $6500 a day as （57）amodel in New York．
 Sarah   （58）has been told/was told（tell） that she could be Britain's new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year．Her father Peter44，want her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah，（59）whohas taken part in shows along with top models wants （60）to prove（prove） that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her （61）education（educate）．She has turned down several （62）invitations（invitation） to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree （63）inengineering or architecture．
Sarah says，"My dad thinks I should take the offer now．But at the moment，school （64）comes（come） first．I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling．It is（65）certainly（certain） fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal．I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more．"
13．The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named"DriveLAB"in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are．
Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people，leading to them becoming more isolated（隔绝）and inactive．
Led by Professor Phil Blythe，the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life．
These include custom-made navigation（导航） tools，night vision systems and intelligent
speed adaptations．Phil Blythe explains："For many older people，particularly those living alone or in the country，driving is important for preserving their independence，giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others．"
"But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills．The result is that people stop driving before they really need to．"
Dr Amy Guo，the leading researcher on the older driver study，explains，"The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems．
"For example，most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly，we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined．We're looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that．
"We hope that our work will help with technological solutions（解决方案） to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel．"

27．What is the purpose of the Drivel AB？C
A．To explore newmeans of transport．
B．To design new types of cars．
C．To find out older driver′s problems．
D．To teach people traffic rules．
28..Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe？A
A．It keeps them independent．
B．It helps them save time．
C．It builds up their strength．
D．It cures their mental illnesses．
29．What do researchers hope to do for older drivers？B
A．Improve their driving skills．
B．Develop driver-assist technologles．
C．Provide tips on repairing their cars．
D．Organize regular physical checkups
30．What is the best title for the text？B
A．A new Model Electric Car
B．A Solution to Traffic Problem
C．Driving Service for elders
D．Keeping Older．
12．I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in （21）her 60s．When it was her turn to pay，the cashier greeted her by name and asked her how she was doing．
The woman looked down，（22）shook（shake）her head and said："Not so good．"My husband just lost his job and my son is up to his old tricks again．The truth is，I don't know how I'm going to get through the holidays．"
Then she gave the cashier food stamps．
My heart ached．I wanted to help but didn't know how．（23）ShouldI offer to pay for her groceries or ask for her husband's resume？
As I walked into the parking lot，I saw the womenreturning（24）（return）her shopping cart．I remembered something in my purse（25）thatI thought could help her．It wasn't a handful of cash or an offer of a job for her husband，but maybe it would make her life better．
My heart pounded as I approached the woman．
"Excuse me，"I said，my voice trembling a bit．"I couldn't help overhearing what you said to the cashier．It sounds like you're going through a really hard time right now．I'm so sorry．I'd like to give you something．"
I handed her the small card from my purse．
When the woman read the card's only two words，she began to cry．And through her tears，she said："You have no idea（26）what this means to me．"
I was a little startled by her reply．（27）Not having done（not do）anything like this before，I didn't know what kind of reaction I might receive．All left for me （28）to say（say）was："Oh．Would it be OK to give you a hug？"
（29）Afterwe embraced，I walked back to my car--and began to cry，too．
The words on the card？
"You Matter．"
A few weeks earlier，a colleague gave me a similar card（30）as encouragement for a project I was working on．When I read the card，I felt a warm glow spread inside of me．Deeply touched，I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter card and started sharing them．
11．Dear Windows Internet Explorer．
Our relationship has been strained（紧张的）for a long time．Of course．it's not all your fault，and nor is it a11mine．Our intermediary is also to blame；my hated Gate-way PC．which runs far too slowly．But that does not get you off the hook．
You see，Windows Internet Explorer．I can no longer deal with your ridiculous loading time．
Sure，at one time I found it attractive--even--sexy for my browser to take ages to log in or load a web page．But not any more  My life is fuller than it was，and I don't have time for you to semi-loa and then stop．
Also．as much as I loved it when we got together，your refusal to log me into some of my necessary accounts．such as email and MySpace．has become a problem．It was unfair of you，and I should not have submitted to your cruelty and mistreatment．
A third reason for my leaving you may seem mean：you are simply far too sickly．You are constantly contracting new viruses．and your immune system is terrible•I don't have the time or the money to care for you any more．It may seem unfair，but you will have to survive on your own．I cannot keep curing you．going through and finding all your corrupted（损坏的）files，cleansing our intermediary's system because you have given it some virus，bug or spyware．It takes far too much time and energy，which I do not have．
Windows Internet Explorer，you did wonderful things for me that，at the time，no other could do．But，my dear．times have changed，and while you have，too，you have not changed enough．I am 16now，nearly a grown woman，and I cannot tolerate your childish ways  As much as I once cared about you，I fear that the time has come for us to part．
Your former friend，
Kirsty25．What is the intermediary．according to the passage？A
A． The computer
B．The network speed
C． A virus
D． An account
26．Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why the author doesn't use Wmdows Internet Explorer？C
A．Its immune system is really bad
B．The author cannot log into her accounts
C． It cannot find corrupted files automatically
D． It takes the author too much time to open a web page
27What is the author's attitude towards the subject of this letter？C
A．Cautious    B．Skeptical．  C．Critical    D．Contradictory
28．What kind of letter is this reading material？B
A．A thank-you letter．
B． A break-up letter．
C．A warning letter．
D． A consultation letter．
10．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
As it is reported in today's 21st Century，a pedestrian was walked down a street when someone dropped litter from a building nearby．Knocked unconscious，the person was sent to a nearest hospital immediately．
The horrible report has set me thinking．Admittedly，we have the right do whatever we want．Besides，violating others'rights is unacceptable．Dropping litter from a high place is impolite and dangerous，that presents a potential threat to many people．If this behavior continue，everyone is likely to suffer from it．
I think the person throwing litter randomly deserves a severe punish．All of us should devote ourselves to improve ur own behavior．Most importantly，laws concerning should be introduced by the authorities．With our joint efforts，our society will surely become good．And I sincerely hope such cases won't happen any more．
9．One day，a beggar found a leather purse that someone（61）had dropped （drop） in the marketplace．Opening it，he discovered it contained 100pieces of gold．Then came a shout from a merchant，"A reward!A reward to（62）whoever has put his hands on my leather purse!"
Being an  honest man，the beggar came forward and handed the purse（63）to the merchant saying"Here is your purse．May I have the reward now？""Reward？"The merchant mocked （讽刺），（64）greedily （greedy） counting his gold．"Why，originally I had 200 pieces of gold in my purse．But now there are only 100 pieces （65）remaining （remain）here．Beyond doubt，you have taken possession of the missing ones!Go away（66）or  I'll tell the police．"
The truthful beggar insisted that he（67）was  （be） innocent and that he should take this matter to the court．"
In court，after listening to both sides of the story patiently，the judge said，"I believe you both and it is time that I did（68）justice  （just） to this case!Merchant，you stated that the purse you lost contained 200 pieces of gold，which is a considerablesum．"However，he added，"the one （69）found （find）by this beggar had only 100 pieces of gold．Therefore，it couldn't be yours．"
And （70）after that，the judge gave the purse and all the god to the beggar．On hearing the judgement，the merchant collapsed to the ground．
8．Ciro Ortiz，an 11-year-old kid，has recently set up shop in a New York subway station．He offers five-minute"（41）B advice"sessions to passers-by for $2．
Every Sunday，Ciro Ortiz spends about two hours at the Bedford（42）A station，sitting at a folding table with a cardboard sign that（43）C"emotional advice $2"．Believe it or not，people actually do （44）B for some pearls of （45）D  from the"emotional advice kid"．They ask him about all（46）A  of things from relationships and career advice to Donald Trump-the 45th US President-elect．He does his （47）C to help them find the answer to their problems．
Ciro's dad doesn't make much money．One night Ciro was just inspired to try an idea of （48）D  he could make his own．His father（49）Athe idea and the next day they went into Williamsburg and set up the （50）B on the street．
Ciro was surprisingly （51）C  with passers-by，and he's been doing it ever（52）D．On a good day，he'll （53）B about $50，but it's not just money that（54）D him．Ciro was bullied（欺凌） at school in the past，which inspired him to （55）A  his entrepreneurial（创业） spirit in the temporary emotional advice desk，（56）D  the much more popular lemonade stand．
Plus，Ciro is （57）A really good at giving people emotional advice．A woman came up to his father and said what Ciro told her was what she'd been（58）C in her gut（直觉） that whole time．He was really nervous and （59）B  of himself in the beginning，but after a ew Sundays，he started coming home telling his mother，"I've met so many wonderful people．I will（60）C  having so many friends．"
41．A．physicalB．emotionalC．mentalD．legal
42．A．subwayB．serviceC．railwayD．comfort
43．A．writesB．announcesC．readsD．shows
44．A．stand byB．stop byC．pass byD．get by
45．A．significanceB．interestC．valueD．wisdom
46．A．sortsB．costsC．meansD．directions
47．A．happiestB．mostC．bestD．worst
48．A．whenB．whatC．whyD．how
49．A．approved ofB．appealed toC．complained ofD．stuck to
50．A．baseB．standC．branchD．goal
51．A．familiarB．contentC．popularD．careful
52．A．thenB．thereC．beforeD．since
53．A．demandB．earnC．collectD．withdraw
54．A．attractsB．servesC．overcomesD．motivates
55．A．channelB．admireC．recoverD．suit
56．A．other thanB．more thanC．less thanD．rather than
57．A．apparentlyB．voluntarilyC．personallyD．fortunatel
58．A．thinkingB．seekingC．feelingD．hunting
59．A．unawareB．uncertainC．independentD．innocent
60．A．take upB．turn toC．end upD．admit to
7．The English language is a result of the invasions of the island of Britain over many hundreds of years．The invaders lived along the northern coast of Europe．
（36）C The Angles were a German tribe who crossed the English Channel．Later two more groups crossed to Britain．They were the Saxons and the Jutes．Through many years，the Saxons，Angles and Jutes mixed their different languages．The result is what is called Anglo-Saxon or old English．
The next great invasion of Britain came from the far north beginning about l，100 years ago．People called Vikings came to the coastal areas of Britain．（37）G Words like"sky"，"leg"，"skull"，"egg"，"lift"and"take"are from the old languages of the far northern countries．
 The next invasion of Britain took place more than 900 years ago，in 1066．（38）F．William the Conqueror led it．
The Normans were a French-speaking people from Normandy in the north of France．They became the new rulers of Britain．These new rulers spoke only French for several hundred years．It was the most important language in the world at that time．（39）B But the common people of Britain still spoke old English．
 Old English took many words from the Norman French．Some of these include"damage"，"prison"and"marriage"．The French language used by the Norman rulers greatly changed the way English was spoken by 800 years ago．（40）A． Middle English sounds like modern English．But it is very difficult to understand now．The history of the English language continues as Middle English becomes Modern English，which is spoken today．

A．History experts call this invasion the Norman Conquest．
B．It was the language of educated people．
C．English became what language experts call Middle English．
D．Therefore most common people speak the language．
E．Few people spoke Middle English at that time．
F．Many English words used today come from these ancient Vikings．
G．The first invasions were by a people called Angles about l，500 years ago．
6．What is it that makes people laugh？More than two thousand years ago the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle defined （定义） jokes as the pleasure that results from a feeling of triumph（胜利） by showing we're better than someone else in a certain way．According to Aristotle and many other philosophers，all jokes depend mainly on showing inferiority in another person or group of persons-that is，putting it clearly，on showing that they are worse off than ourselves．Jokes raise our good opinion of ourselves at someone else's expense．
Showing how much better than other people we are is only one reason we like jokes．Someone may also use a joke to express their anger or their cruelty or any other kind of action that is not acceptable to us．We feel free to laugh when we hear about someone sliding on a banana skin．The joke lets us express those attitudes which are usually unacceptable to society．This is probably the reason why some of the jokes，especially those involving cruelty，are so popular with certain people．
Besides，all jokes depend on our enjoyment of laughing at something that is strange and out of place because it's different from things which are happening around it．The same situation can be either sad or pleasant，depending entirely on how strange and out of place it is．If a girl in a bathing suit falls into a swimming pool，we don't laugh because nothing unusual has happened．But if a man in a smart suit falls in，the situation is at once unusual in a pleasant way and we laugh．A good joke-teller will always try to build up a situation in which one thing is expected until something unexpected suddenly happens，and so we laugh．
 
21．According to Aristotle，all jokes depend mainly onA．
A．showing inferiority in another person or group
B．resulting in a sense of success
C．having a good opinion of other people
D．making people laugh unexpectedly
22．The underlined word"inferiority"（in Paragraph 1）meansA
A．something that is not as good as something else
B．something that is better than something else
C．someone that is not as good as someone else
D．someone that is better than someone else
23．What's the main idea of Paragraph 2？D
A．Showing we are better than other people is the only one reason we like jokes．
B．When people are angry，they would like to hear jokes．
C．People who like jokes are usually cruel．
D．To express those attitudes usually unacceptable to society is one of the reasons we like jokes．
24．What will a good joke teller always try to do？C
A．Make a sad situation into a pleasant one．
B．Make different things happen at the same time．
C．Make an unexpected thing happen in an expected situation．
D．Make people laugh at something unusual and out of place．
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