18．One hundred years ago. Colored was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent．T——青夏教育精英家教网—

18．One hundred years ago，"Colored"was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent．Twenty years later，it was purposefully dropped to make way for"Negro．"By the late 1960s，that term was overtaken by"Black．"And then，at a press conference in Chicago in 1988，Jesse Jackson declared that"African American"was the term to welcome．This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups，such as"Italian Americans"and"Irish Americans，"that had already been freed of widespread discrimination．
A century's worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise．A 2001study cataloged all the ways in which the term"Black"carried connotations （涵义） that were more negative than those of"African American．"
But if it was known that"Black"people were viewed differently from"African Americans，"researchers，until now，hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from．A recent study，conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall，found that"Black"people are viewed more negatively than"African Americans"because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status．As a result，"Black"people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities．
The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial discriminations permeating the professional world．Even seemingly harmless details on a CV，it appears，can tap into recruiters'（招聘人员）discriminations．A job application might mention affiliations（关系） with groups such as the"Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers"or the"National Black Employees Association，"the names of which apparently have consequences，and are also beyond their members'control．
In one of the study's experiments，subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams．To one group，he was identified as"African-American，"and another was told he was"Black．"With little else to go on，they were asked to estimate Mr．Williams'salary，professional standing，and educational background．
The"African-American"group estimated that he earned about 37，000ayearandhadatwo-yearcollegedegree．The"Black"group，ontheotherhand，puthissalaryatabout 29，000，and guessed that he had only"some"college experience．Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr．Williams worked at a managerial level，while only 38.5percent of the second group thought so．
Hall's findings suggest there's an argument to be made for electing to use"African American，"though one can't help but get the sense that it's a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress．Perhaps a new phrase is needed，one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois'original，idealistic hope："It's not the name-it's the Thing that counts．"

59．We can conclude from Erika Hall's findings thatA．
A．Racial discriminations are widespread in the professional world
B．Many applicants don't attend to details on their CVs
C．Job seekers should all be careful-about their affiliations
D．Most recruiters are unable to control their racial biases
60．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？C
A．Jesse Jackson embraced the term"African American"because it is free from discrimination．
B．The naming of any ethnic （种族） group is political sensitive．
C．Before the study conducted by Erika Hall，researchers had identified the causes of the gap in
perception of racial discrimination．
D．A man identified as"African American"is thought of as more capable than he is identified as"Black"．
61．Erika Hall's experiment about a man with the last name Williams indicates thatC．
A．African Americans fare better than many other ethnic groups
B．Black people's socioeconomic status in America remains low
C．People's conception of a person has much to do with the way he or she is labeled
D．One's professional standing and income are related to their educational background
62．From the underlined sentences in the last paragraph，we can know that Dr．Du Bois'hope isB．
A．All Americans enjoy equal rights
B．A person is judged by their worth
C．A new term is created to address African Americans
D．All ethnic groups share the nation's continued progress．

17．On Nov.11，Alibaba sold more than 90 billion yuan ________ goods on its e-commerce platforms Taobao．com and TMall，making headlines all over the world．（　　）

A．

worth of

16．This story，based on the real life story that took place on Thursday，January 15th，2009 when the world witnessed the"Miracle on the Hudson"as Captain，Chesley Sullenberger，nicknamed"Sully"glided his disabled plane onto the frigid waters of the Hudson River，saving the lives of all 155 aboard．However，even as Sully was being heralded by the public and the media for his unprecedented feat of aviation skill，an investigation was unfolding that threatened to destroy his reputation and his career．Tom Hanks portrayal as Sully is the heart and soul of this film．
Out of all the intense films released this year so far，Sully is the best one，hands down．Out of all the nonfiction films released this year，Sully is the greatest．From spectacular directing to emotional acting，Sully is easily one of the best films of 2016．
Sully begins when U．S．Airways flight 1549 lands in the water in the Hudson river after both engines are destroyed by birds．Luckily，not one passenger is injured and this is due to the skill of both rescue teams and pilot Sully Sullenbrger （Tom Hanks） and First Officer Jeffrey Skiles （Aaron Eckhart）．Unfortunately，the nightmare is not over．Even though all passengers are in safety，it is still a major question if Sully should have landed the plane in the water and if he might have had enough speed and altitude to reach the runway at an actual airport．
This is a very famous story that happened in 2009，but many people do not know what happened after the plane water landed．Sully truly shows all the events of this flight．Another amazing aspect of the film is the acting．Both Tom Hanks and Aaron Eckhart do phenomenal portrayals of the pilots．Not only do the two look so much like the actual people，they also got their personalities right too．The two actors excel in the scenes where they keep imagining the crash，and it clearly affects them day after day．Clint Eastwood has directed many wonderful films，but Sully，without doubt，is one of his best．The story does not feel like it lasts 96minutes and I was surprised when it ended．
Sully really does keep you on the edge of your seat using cinematography that makes you feel like you are a part of the movie，acting that is emotional and dramatic and even special effects that make it look very real．Something to note，the film was shot with IMAX cameras so seeing it in IMAX theaters gives you the best possible experience．
My favorite scene is the actual plane crash．From taking off，to the passengers getting into rescue boats，this scene keeps your heart beating very fast．I personally suffer from a fear of flying and it pumped me full of adrenaline．I could not blink until I found out what happened next．The special effects of the plane going down in the middle of New York looks very realistic and intense．On top of that，the emotional acting of not only the pilots，but the passengers and the flight attendants brings even more drama to the scene．It is easily the most intense scene in the whole film and，because of cinematography，it makes you feel like you are a part of it，is borderline scary．
Sully is a very mature story．And though it lacks adult content，language or gore，it is geared for a mature audience because of its intense and dramatic scenes．It may be too intense for younger viewers so I recommend it for ages 12 to 18．I definitely give Sully 5 out of 5 stars for its spectacular directing，wonderful cinematography，emotional acting and realistic special effects．

65．According to the passage，Sully，with his heroic deeds，D．
A．eventually achieved his life goal
B．just displayed his creative talent
C．accidentally became well known
D．still faced a challenge to his action
66．The underlined phrase"hands down"in Paragraph 2probably means"A"．
A．without doubt
B．passing it down
C．beyond belief
D．ending the topic
67．The writer of the passage holds the opinion thatB．
A．Tom and Aaron play the roles well due to their similar experience
B．full story plus good performance makes Sully an excellent film
C．Clint Eastwood is the deciding factor of the film's great success
D．advanced technology makes the film popular among its audience
68．Sometimes while seeing the film，the writer feltB．
A．amused and peaceful
B．nervous and frightened
C．excited and energetic
D．sad and uncomfortable
69．It can be inferred from the passage that the writer thinksC．
A．no other films can compete with Sully now
B．the length of the film is not very satisfying
C．Sully is full of excitement associated with danger
D．Sully is a good film with only a bit to be improvement．
70．Which of the following is TRUE about the passage？C
A．It is just an account of a story．
B．It specially introduces Sully to us．
C．It is simply a movie review．
D．It mainly sings the praises of Sully．

15．Although Paris is often considered the city of romance，close to a million adults who call it home are single．Many single people say that France's capital is one of the most difficult places to meet people．The complaints of this lonely group have inspired a new phenomenon known as"supermarket dating"．At Galerie Lafayette Gourmet，singles can shop for more than just the items on their grocery list．They can look for someone who has blue eyes，brown hair，and is 1.8meters tall，or whatever may be on their romantic shopping list．
At this Paris location，single people of all ages can schedule their shopping for Thursday nights between 6：30and 9：00p．m．When they walk through the door，they pick up a purple basket to advise that they are looking for love．They try to arrive early because the baskets disappear quickly，and then they have to wait in line for their turn to wander the store aisles．
With purple baskets in hand，shoppers can consider their romantic options while they pick out their groceries．When they are ready to pay，they can go to the checkout line for singles who want to chat．
Most of the people who look for love in the supermarket are skeptical of Internet dating．They know that it is easy to embellish（美化）one's appearance or to lie about one's age over the Internet．The supermarket，on the other hand，is considered a safe and casual environment in which to meet a potential match．In addition，what one finds in another's grocery basket can say a thing or two about that person's character or intentions．Buying pet food can be a man's way of showing a potential match that he has a sensitive side．Women who fill their baskets with low-fat food show their healthy style of living．These days it's possible to find much more than food at a grocery store．

24．What do many single people in Pairs complain about？A
A．The difficulty in finding a match．
B．The idea of supermarket dating．
C．The items on their grocery list．
D．The inconvenience in shopping．
25．Which of the following can be inferred in the second paragraph？D
A．The dating supermarket is located in Paris．
B．The dating supermarket is open only on Thursday evenings．
C．Only single people can shop in the supermarket．
D．The dating supermarket has very good business．
26．How do love shoppers meet one another？B
A．They schedule their meeting in advance．
B．They go through a special checkout．
C．They pick out their groceries with great care．
D．They dial the phone numbers on their shopping items．
27．Why do the people prefer the supermarket dating to Internet dating？C
A．The supermarket dating is more convenient．
B．The supermarket dating is more fun．
C．The supermarket dating is more trustworthy．
D．The supermarket dating is more economical．

14．Many studies have shown that students learn in different ways and that good results can be achieved if they are taught by a teaching method that suits them  best．Similarly，students'performance varies in what types of test they are given．Therefore，it may seem reasonable to give students the chance to choose how they wish to be tested．However，this would mean teachers would be forced to prepare many different methods of assessment for the exact same material．Teachers are already very busy，creating tests，grading，coming up with interesting lesson plans，teaching classes，not to mention holding parent teacher conferences，and creating new tests would only add to their burden．
Another strain teachers would have to face is how to grade fairly and objectively if students were tested on the same material in a variety of ways．For instance，how do you compare a student who wrote an essay on one small topic of a book to another who answered every multiple choice question correctly over the entire book？Maybe the student who wrote the essay only read a small part of it in depth enough so that they could write the essay．But perhaps the student taking the multiple choice test only had a base understanding of the book and couldn't write a critical essay about something in it．
This is not to say，however，that students should be graded in the same manner every time．This would be equally unfair as again，different students test better when assessed by different methods．Therefore，teachers need to be sure to give essay tests，multiple choice tests，as well as other multi-media（多媒体） projects to assess their students，just not over the same material．This gives students the opportunity to show off their abilities and make up for tasks that they're not good at．For instance，a student that is a bad test taker could make up for their grade with a well-performed project．Another option is to provide students with extra credit opportunities．As such，students could be allowed to choose the method in which they wish to complete their extra credit．If a student is a strong essay writer，they could write an extra essay to make up for their poor test grade．This would allow students to compensate for poor grades in areas in which they aren't as accomplished．

28．We know from Paragraph 1that if students could choose how they are tested，teachers wouldA．
A．have more work
B．lose their authority
C．change their lesson plans
D．prepare more testing materials
29．What does the underlined word"strain"in Paragraph 2 mean？B
A．Possibility．
B．Difficulty．
C．Approach．
D．Hesitation．
30．The author writes the last paragraph in order toB．
A．draw a conclusion
B．offer suggestions
C．predict the future
D．prove his point
31．Where is the text most probably taken from？D
A．A textbook．
B．An announcement．
C．A news report．
D．An education magazine．

13．假如你是李华，计划今年暑假去英国伦敦进行为期俩周的探亲．伦敦一家培训机构在网上发布的夏令营活动的广告引起了你的注意，请给该培训机构写信报名．内容包括：
1．报名原因．
2．你同意还是反对这种做法？并陈述你的理由．（至少写两点）
注意：
1．词数为120个左右；
2．询问相关情况：开始时间及时长，相关费用．
3．你的期待．
注意：
1．词数100左右．
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
3．信的开头和结尾语已为你写好（不计入总字数）．
Dear Sir/Madam，
As a student from China，I'm going to London to visit my uncle and his family for two weeks this coming winter vacation，and your ad has come to my notice．Actually，I'm interested in the activities you offer，which I feel will be a good chance to improve my spoken English．（高分句型一） That's why I'm writing to sign up for it．
Meanwhile，I would feel honored if you could give me some more details about the camp．To begin with，when it will begin，and how long the camp will last．Secondly，I'd appreciate it if you could tell me how much it will cost．（高分句型二）Actually，it's my hope that I can have my English improved and make some English friends in the camp．
Looking forward to your reply．
Yours，
Li Hua．

12．假定你是李华．你收到了美国朋友彼得寄来的最新英文小说．请给他回信，要点如下：
1．小说收到；
2．回赠礼物；
3．礼物意义；
4．邀请来华．
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
Dear Peter
I'm glad to receive the novel．Thank you for such a lovely gift as I have been expecting for a long time．【高分句型一】This novel gives me some insights into American society and daily life．（感谢礼物）
I know you're interested in Chinese festivals，and therefore I choose an album of paper cutting for you．Paper cutting is a unique form of Chinese cultural relics，which is often used as a decoration for a joyous atmosphere．【高分句型二】I hope it will bring happiness and luck to your family as it always does in China．（回赠礼物以及礼物意义）
Expecting you to come to China and experience the rich culture in person．（邀请来华）
Best wishes．
Yours，
Li Hua．

11．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter沉溺于网络游戏不能自拔，甚至不听父母劝阻想要离家出走．请根据以下要点提示，写信劝他放弃这个想法．
1．网瘾的危害；
2．要尊重父母并道歉；
3．建议他管理好自己的时间．
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
Dear Peter，
I'm very sorry to hear that you have decided to leave home because of your conflict with your parents．（高分句型一）
I think it's unwise to make such a decision．Addicted to playing online games，you are not only wasting your valuable time but also hurting the feelings of your parents．（高分句型二）Your parents love you so much that they are trying every effort to make your life better．Therefore，wouldn't it be reasonable for you to respect them，have a talk with them and apologize？Meanwhile，you should manage your time more wisely and find some meaningful ways to spend your free time．（高分句型三）
I'm looking forward to your reply．
Yours，
Li Hua．

10．My father had always been an alert observer of human character．It was always a challenge to see if any of my（56）boyfriends （boyfriend） could pass Dad's test．After Dad died，I wondered （57）how I'd figure it out on my own．
Then Jack arrived on the scene．He was different （58）from any other guy I'd dated．My brother Rick loudly announced （59）that Jack wasn't a turkey like the other guys I （60）had brought （bring） home．Jack passed my family's test．But what about Dad's？
Then came my mother's birthday．We rushed to a flower shop for something for Mom．"How about this？"Jack said，（61）pointing （point） at a beautiful white corsage（胸花）．
On the way home，Jack was （62）unusually （unusual） quiet．"I think we should get married，"he suddenly said．"Yes，"I whispered．We both sat dumbfounded，tears running down our cheeks．If only Dad were here （63）to give （ give） his final （64）approval （approve）．
My mother opened the door．"Happy Birthday!"we shouted．Jack handed the box to her．She opened it up．Suddenly，her eyes were filled with tears．"Mom，what's wrong？"I asked．"I'm sorry，"she said with an （65）amazed （amaze） smile．"This is only the second gardenia corsage I've ever received．I was given one years ago，long before you kids were born．""From who？"I asked．"Your father gave me one long before we were engaged．"
My eyes locked on Jack's as I blinked away（眨掉） tears．Dad's test？I knew Jack had passed．

9．A contest organised by Airbnb is offering three lucky winners the chance to spend a night in the company of sharks．The winners and their guests will get access to a transparent（透明的）glass bedroom in the 33-foot deep Paris Aquarium where 35 sharks are living．
Interested applicants，who must be 18 years or older and in good health，can apply for the contest through the Airbnb website．"On the 11th，12th，and 13th of April，the Paris Aquarium will open its doors for a night in a room full of sharks，"the website states．"And not just any room：you will sleep in a round bed，with a breathtaking view of the world of sharks．"
The unusual event will be hosted by a free diver，photographer，and shark enthusiast Fred Buyle，and a biologist will provide the winners with a special course on sharks-their mysterious lives and their role in the ocean's ecosystem，with which the winners can better understand the sharks and thus avoid disturbing their life in the aquarium when they stay there．
Upon arrival，the winners will first be taken to their room for presentations，followed by dinner at the shark tunnel and a night stay among the sharks．A twin bed，soap，toilet paper，and shampoo are all included in the package，as well as breakfast the next morning．The stay is completely free，and so is the travel arrangement to and from Paris．
Applications must also include a message addressed to the judges．In 50to 500characters，applicants must explain why they're the perfect candidate for the event．The choices of languages include English，German，Spanish，French，Italian and Portuguese．In case of Chinese，Japanese，and Korean，the word limit is between 50and 300．Remember that other languages are not allowed．Of course，an Airbnb account is a must requirement for every applicant．
If selected，the winners will be forbidden from diving or swimming in the aquarium，and will be required to keep their hands and feet indoors at all times．Photographing is not allowed because sharks are sensitive to light．Besides，the organisers advise against watching movies like Jaws before checking in．

27．What will the three winners of the contest be allowed to do？D
A．Swim along with some sharks．
B．Play with sharks for two days．
C．View how sharks sleep at night．
D．Sleep in a room surrounded by sharks．
28．What's the purpose of the special course in Paragraph 3？D
A．To help the winners develop an interest in sharks．
B．To guide the winners how to live in the aquarium．
C．To tell the winners about the ecosystem in the ocean．
D．To help the winners learn how not to disturb the sharks．
29．When people apply for the contest，they don't need toD．
A．open an account on the Airbnb website
B．apply for the contest through the Airbnb website
C．write a message in one of the required languages
D．pay the application fee along with the applying letter
30．What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the winners？C
A．They can dive in the aquarium．
B．They can take photos of the sharks．
C．They must stay indoors at all times．
D．They must watch movies about sharks before checking in．

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