14．How do humans learn?They go to school.of course!School is for more than learning ABCs and 123s．Ki——青夏教育精英家教网—

14．How do humans learn？They go to school，of course!School is for more than learning ABCs and 123s．Kids have been going to school for thousands of years，but what they learned depended on when and where they lived．
Sparta，Greece，320BC
Sparta has only one kind of school，the Agoge．Sparta boys started school at about age seven．They learned many things：reading，writing，arithmetic，poetry，dance，music，and public speaking．They also got some tough training designed to make them strong，disciplined soldiers．
Florence，Italy，1450AD
Florentines realized that if they taught good math skills to kids，the kids would grow up to be better at their jobs．In the 1400s，Florence had schools called Abbaco School，where boys learned finger reckoning，a kind of math sign language．They studied multiplication，money，weights and measures．After finishing Abbaco School at 12 or 13 years old，many students started working at banks or as merchants right away．
Paris，France，1600AD
For many centuries，teenagers have been workers in training．This meant a young boy must go to live with a master who was very skilled at a certain job．The parents paid the master，and the student ate，slept，and worked at the master's workshop．Most teenagers started at about 11 or 12 years of age．How long they lived and worked with a master depended on the trade they were learning，most of which lasted seven to eight years．
England，1850AD
In 19^th-century England，parents who could afford it sent their sons to private boarding schools．Boarding school students learned little that would help them at work．Instead they learned Latin，Greek，ancient history，and geography．Parents believed that these studies would make their sons better people．Boys might study French，fencing，music，or dance，but no math and science．Students interested in them should pay extra for a lecturer who visited the school once every year or two．
33．Which school offered students the military training？A
A．The Agoge．
B．Abbaco Schools．
C．Master's workshop．
D．Private boarding schools．
34．Which of the following statements is wrong？C
A．All of the four kinds of education system were open only to boys．
B．Many Florence kids began to work at banks at 12 or 13 years old．
C．Teenagers in Paris must work for the master to pay for their fees．
D．What kids learning in private boarding schools was useless for work．
35．Maths is paid special attention inB．
A．Sparta，Greece，320BC
B．Florence，Italy，1450AD
C．Paris，France，1600AD
D．England，1850AD．

13．Mary had a problem that she got annoyed with everything easily．She felt bad about everything and always carried a negative thinking．She developed all these negative aspects suddenly．
One day she felt she was so miserable and requested help from her dad．
Her father comforted her and took her to the kitchen．
He asked Mary to take a potato，an egg and two spoonfuls of tea leaves．Mary was surprised，"Do you want me to cook？"Her father denied．He then put three containers on the stove and poured one cup of water in each container．Once the water started to boil，he dropped separately potato，egg，and tea leaves in each container．
Mary was totally annoyed and asked her father why to do those stupid things．He asked her to wait for a few more minutes with patience．
The impatient daughter managed to wait for around 15 minutes．The father removed the potato from the pot and placed in a plate and did the same with eggs．He poured the tea into a cup．Then he placed the two plates，one with the potato and the other with the egg，and the cup of tea in front of Mary．
"what do you see？"
She said，"Potato，Egg and a cup of tea!"
"No，touch it and reply me again．"said the father．
Mary couldn't find the correct answer．
Her father said，"The potato was so hard before boiled，but now they turned soft and smooth．Also，the egg was too delicate but after boiling it become too hard．Sip the tea，it is delicious!
Mary asked，"What does it mean，father？I don't understand!"
"Each object responded differently to water．That is how you have to be．Each object was put under the same kind of circumstance，faced similar adversity，but reacted differently．The potato became weaker．The egg became harder and the tea leaves are unique．It changed the water itself，giving it unique flavor!it gave something new．"
Mary understood that we could create something new and unique even when we experienced adversity．
So，what are you？A potato or an egg or a tea leaf？
21．What is Mary's problem？B
A．She didn't get well along with the others．
B．She couldn't hold positive attitude to things．
C．She didn't know how to cook in the kitchen．
D．She couldn't predict correctly what to happen．
22．How did the father help the girl？C
A．By telling stories．
B．By opening her mind．
C．By doing experiment．
D．By explaining cases．
23．How did the egg change？B
A．From being hard to feeling soft．
B．From being delicate to being hard．
C．From being hard to smelling tasty．
D．From being soft to becoming hard．
24．Mary understood finally that she would live her life just asDdid．
A．her father B．a potato C．an egg D．tea leaves．

12．假如你是普宁市勤建中学学生李华，你的美国笔友约翰来信询问雅安地震情况，并表达了要去灾区当志愿者的愿望．请你回信，内容主要包括：
1．伤亡情况：死约200人，伤逾万人．
2．救援人员：军队，当地政府及民众．
3．婉言劝止并说明理由．
注意：1．词数100左右．
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
3．相关词汇：rescue 救援   the trapped 被困人员
Dear John，
Thank you very much for your concern over the earthquake in Ya'an，Sichuan Province．

                                                           Yours
                                                           Li Hua．

11．As the longer life and rapid decrease in the laborage population are expected，extending the retirement age（推迟退休年龄） is a wise choice for the government．This is why at the Third Plenum （全会） of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China （中国共产党十八届三中全会）it was agreed that there should be a study on the subject．
It is undoubtedly necessary for the government to adjust its policies to meet the challenge of an increasingly aging society．According to the government，China's senior citizens above the age of 60 will reach 200 million，about 14.8 percent of the population，by the end of this year，and the figure is expected to grow to 248 million by the year of 2020 and more than 400 million by 2050，when they will account for 30 percent of the population．Meanwhile，extending the retirement age will result in several benefits-slowing the rapid increase of the retired，reducing the rapid decline in experienced workers and keeping the laborage population at a considerable size for stable economic development．
However，before the policy is drawn up there will need to be thorough research，so there can be careful consideration of the interests of all parties to make sure that the new policy does not harm the interests of workers in different jobs．
There are 112 million workers who do heavy physical labor and may not be willing to put off their retirement to a later age．And the opinions of government employees and other whitecollar workers will also need to be listened to before a policy is introduced to extend their retirement to a later age．
No doubt it will be impossible to please all，but it should be possible to make the policy acceptable to the most．Anyway，any extensions that will hopefully help reduce the negative influences of our increasingly aging society also need to be fair．
33．The text mainly tells usD．
A．China is going to enter an aging society
B．All people agree to accept the policy
C．Extending the retirement age will bring about multiple benefits
D．China has planned to extend the retirement age
34．Which of the following is TRUE？C
A．China's old people above the age of 50 will be about 14.8 percent of the population．
B．Extending the retirement age may contribute to the economic development of China．
C．Extending the retirement age may reduce the experienced workers．
D．There will be about 248 million elders by 2050．
35．What can be inferred from the text？C
A．All the workers will be pleased with the policy．
B．The whitecollar workers go against the policy．
C．There can be many difficulties in extending the retirement age．
D．The government should please all so as to give up the policy．

10．"I'd like to be at a healthier weight，"a friend told me．"But we just don't have the money to buy expensive diet foods and there isn't enough money to join a gym．"Many people feel that way-that a healthy diet and exercise plan is out of reach because of their high cost．Don't lose hope!We'll be looking at ways to make healthy choices without spending too much money．
First you don't need to buy the expensive pre-prepared"diet foods．"Back in the early 1970s when I started housekeeping，90% of the food I bought was ingredients．Very few things were preprocessed （预处理的）．Now 90% of the food you find in the store is quick food．That's a bad thing．
Quick foods like boxed"just add hamburger"meals have had the fiber （纤维） removed to make them faster to prepare．Take a look at the label （标签） on that box．It often has low numbers listed under"fiber"because fiber takes longer to digest．If the low fiber meal is digested，the result is that your body begins to store fat．Besides，your body is short of nutrients （营养物质）．You will be driven to eat more to try to make up for the low quality of the food you are eating．
And then there are the chemicals the producers add to the quick meals to make them palatable．If not，the stuff would taste like cardboard and you wouldn't enjoy it．However，these chemicals certainly aren't good for your health．
What's the answer？Buy whole ingredients and give up the expensive，low nutrition，processed foods．Do the cooking yourself and you will have control over what is in your food-and it will cost less，too．
29．People who find it hard to get a healthier weight thinkD．
A．they had too much diet food
B．they didn't make a detailed plan
C．they have no time to do exercise in gym
D．they can't afford diet food and to exercise in gym
30．The author doesn't like quick food mainly becauseC．
A．it contains too much fat
B．it makes people eat more
C．it has low fiber
D．it takes longer to digest
31．The underlined word"palatable"in Paragraph 4 meansB．
A．fresh              B．delicious          C．healthy            D．poor
32．The author suggests in the text that people shouldC．
A．control the amount of food
B．eat more processed foods
C．cook food for themselves
D．choose cheap ingredients．

9．There are some strange driving laws in different countries．

Countries	Laws
Vietnam	If you're in Vietnam without a Vietnamese driver's license，you risk a prison sentence of up to three years．
Russia	In Moscow，if your car is dirty enough to draw dust art，you will be fined about 2，000 rubles （about US 55 dollars）．Worse yet，it's illegal to wash your car by hand in public places-forcing you to take it to one of the few car wash facilities．
Thailand	Drivers-male or female-can't drive shirtless whether it's a car，bus，or a tuk-tuk cab．
France	France requires its drivers to carry a portable breathalyzer（便携式酒精测量仪） at all times when driving a car．The one-time breathalyzer cost around US 5 dollars，and if you don't have one，you will be fined US 15 dollars．
Cyprus	Raising your hands in the car can get you fined of US 35 dollars．The law states a driver can be fined if the person"is in an irregular position inside the car or raises his hand from the steering wheel unnecessarily．"
Japan	Politeness isn't just the culture in Japan； it is part of driving laws．Splashing（飞溅） a person by driving through a puddle（水坑） with your car will cost you over US 60 dollars．The country is also strict with its DUI （酒驾） laws-riding with or lending your car to a driver who gets caught drinking and driving can lead to a fine costing thousands of dollars．

25．Where should you go to wash your car when you are in Moscow？A
A．The car wash facilities．
B．Any public place．
C．Your home．
D．The forest．
26．What can you get fined for in Cyprus？C
A．Forgetting to carry a portable breathalyzer．
B．Not having a Cyprus driver's license．
C．Putting your hands above your head．
D．Driving without a shirt．
27．If you are fined thousands of dollars in Japan，you may have beenB．
A．in an irregular position in your car
B．sitting in a car with a drunk driver
C．splashing a person with mud
D．impolite to other drivers
28．This passage can most likely be found inD．
A．a law document
B．a fashion magazine
C．an international newspaper
D．a book on interesting cultures．

8．Think of life as a game in which you are playing with five balls in the air．You name them work，family，health，friends and spirit （精神） and you keep all of them in the air．You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball．If you drop it，it will bounce （弹跳） back．
But the other four balls，family，health，friends and spirit，are made of glass．If you drop one of these，they will be broken．They will never be the same．You must understand that and try to have balance in your life．How？
Don't look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others．It is because we are different and each of us is special．
Don't let other people set goal for you．Only you know what is best for yourself．
Don't give up when you still have something to give．Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying．
Don't be afraid of difficulties．It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave．
Don't shut love out of your life by saying it's impossible．The quickest way to receive love is to give it； the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly （紧紧地）； the best way to keep love is to give it wings（翅膀）．
Don't run through life so fast that you forget not only where you've been，but also where you are going．
Don't be afraid to learn．Knowledge is a treasure you can always carry easily．
Don't use time or words carelessly．You can't get them back．Yesterday is history，tomorrow is a mystery，and today is a gift； that's why we call it"the present"．Life is not a competition，but a trip，step by step．
21．The underlined sentence"Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying．"means thatB．
A．Nothing is possible
B．If we don't give up，there is always hope
C．Although you try，nothing will change．
D．You should learn to give up
22．Why can't we use time carelesslyA
A．Because time never returns．
B．Because times will get back．
C．Because we are too poor．
D．Because time is too expensive．
23．If you run through life so fast，you willC．
A．lose your own treasure that you can always carry easily
B．lose love by holding it too tightly
C．forget not only where you've been，but also where you are going
D．not be afraid of the difficulties
24．According to the passage，which is the best title？B
A．Nothing is impossible．
B．Treat your life in a right way．
C．Things you can't do．
D．Glass balls are easy to be broken．

7．校学生会正在面向全校征集最受欢迎的学生．请你根据表格的内容用英语介绍你班同学李华．词数100-120．可适当增加细节以使行文连贯．

姓名	李华	性别	男	年龄	17
出生地			海源县
外貌			瘦高个，戴眼镜
性格			外向、风趣、幽默、善良、慷慨、乐于助人
学习状况			勤奋努力，有音乐天赋
业余爱好			听音乐，看小说
你对他的评价			与同学关系融洽，深受大家喜爱

6．What does the woman mean？
A．It's terrible to go abroad alone．
B．It doesn't matter if the man is not good at English．
C．The man should improve his English．

5．What do we know about the woman？
A．She is too busy to go．
B．She's willing to go swimming．
C．She doesn't want to wait long．

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