7．Some animals can be trained to help humans．For example.specially trained dogs help blind people wa——青夏教育精英家教网——

7．Some animals can be trained to help humans．For example，specially trained dogs help blind people walk around the town safely．Some kinds of monkeys can be taught things too．（36）CThe monkeys pick up the phone when it rings，carry shopping bags and do housework．
In the wild，animals and humans are not usually friends．（37）FIn Africa，the honey-guide bird works with humans to find food．The bird likes to eat the grubs （幼虫）-a type of insect that lives inside a beehive （蜂巢）．It knows how to find beehives but it can't open them and get the grubs．People like to eat honey，but they aren't very good at finding beehives．（38）B The bird flies to a beehive and people follow it．When the people open the beehive and take the honey，they give the grubs to the bird．
In Laguna in the south of Brazil，fishermen and dolphins work as a team．The ocean isn't very clean，so the fishermen can't see the fish．（39）GWhen the dolphins find a large group of fish，they make a noise to tell the fishermen．Then the dolphins push the fish to the beach．The fishermen wait in the water near the beach and catch a lot of fish in their nets．The fishermen's nets make it easier for the dolphins to catch fish too．In Laguna，fishermen and dolphins have been working together for many years．（40）EMeanwhile，the dolphins must be happy to help because they teach their babies how to work with the humans!
A．They attack each other for food or something else．
B．So the bird and the people help each other．
C．They can learn how to help people who can't use their arms or legs．
D．In fact，they usually help to get enough food for their babies．
E．The fishermen teach their children how to work with the dolphins．
F．However，there are a few interesting examples where they can work together．
G．However，dolphins can find them easily by using sounds．

6．Homework is a major part of going to school：It's your teachers'way of evaluating how much you understand what's going on in class．（36）A Luckily，you can do a few things to make homework less burden．
Be sure you understand the homework．
Write your homework down in your notebook or day planner if you need to．（37）E It's much easier to take a minute to ask the teacher during or after class than to struggle to remember later that night!
Use any extra time in school．
Many schools have study halls that are specifically designed to allow students to study．It's tempting（诱惑人的） to hang out with friends during study periods or unstructured （松散的） time．（38）D
Take a break．
（39）G So take some breaks while doing your homework．Sitting for too long without stretching or relaxing will make you less productive than if you stop every so often．Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good idea for most people．
（40）C
If you don't finish your homework during school，think about how much you have left and what else is going on that day，and then budget your time．Most high-school students have between 1and 3hours of homework a night．If it's a heavy homework day and it seems like you've got an assignment in every subject but gym and lunch，you'll need to devote more time to homework．It's a good idea to come up with some kind of homework schedule，especially if you are involved in sports or activities or have an after-school job．
A．And it helps digest important concepts．
B．Once your homework is done，you can check over it if you have extra time．
C．Plan yourself．
D．But the more work you can get done in school，the less you'll have to do that night．
E．Don't be afraid to ask questions about what's expected in your homework．
F．Settle down to homework．
G．Most people's attention spans （跨度） aren't very long．

5．Why Do Autumn Leaves Change Color？
We all enjoy the colors of autumn leaves．（36）C To answer this questions，we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do．
Leaves are nature's food factories．Plants take water from the ground through their roots and take carbon dioxide from the air．（37）G Plants use the sugar as food for energy and as a building block for growing．The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis（光合作用）．Chlorophyll （叶绿素）helps make photosynthesis happen．Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color．
As summer ends and autumn comes，the days get shorter and shorter．（38）B
During winter，there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis．The trees will rest and begin to shut down their food-making factories．The green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves．As the bright green fades away，we begin to see yellow and orange colors．（39）D We just can't see them in the summer，because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll．
The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in Autumn．In some trees，like maples，glucose（糖份） is trapped in the leaves after photosynthesis stops．（40）F The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves．
All these things make the beautiful colors we enjoy in Autumn．

A．Yellow and orange colors attract many of us in Autumn．
B．This is how the trees"know"to begin getting ready for winter．
C．Have you ever wondered how and why a fall leaf changes color？
D．Small amounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along．
E．For what reason do people prefer autumn leaves to summer leaves？
F．Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn make the leaves a red color．
G．Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into a kind of sugar．

4．Not next to me，please!
When you are traveling by plane，there are some passengers you just don't want to have next to you．
（1）APerhaps you normally like them，but when you are sitting next to them on a plane it's a different thing．They usually spend all the flight （飞行） moving around and dropping their toys on the floor，and when they're drinking their orange juice it ends up on your trousers．（2）ESo you can't have the little sleep that you were planning．
B Conversation makers
You recognize this type as soon as you sit down．They immediately start talking about the plane，or the weather，or they ask you a personal question．It's very difficult not to talk to these people．（3）GC Nervous fliers
These are the people with white faces who sit down and immediately ask for something to drink．Every five minutes they call a flight attendant （服务员） to ask if there are any problems with the plane．（4）CThe best thing to do is to pretend to sleep．
D Space invaders
（5）DBut they have a terrible habit of taking up all their room，and some of your room too．They usually sit so that you can't move，with their arms and legs in your space．

A．Small children
B．Careless parents
C．They also tell you about air disasters．
D．These people are not necessarily very big．
E．Then they decide they want to play with you．
F．Some people want to talk all through the flight．
G．You'll probably have to keep talking until the plane lands．

3．Should schools punish cyberbullies？Many states in America passed a law allowing schools to punish students for cyberbullying （网络欺凌） that happens outside schools．Supporters say that the psychological effects of cyberbullying bleed over into school time-and have a harmful effect on students'learning environment．（36）EHanna DiMassimo thinks that being bullied online makes school unbearable．"Cyberbullying may not always happen while you're at school，but it always makes school a living nightmare （噩梦）．（37）C"In seventh grade，I was bullied over iMessage．I didn't feel safe at home or at school，and it was impossible for me to focus in class．My grades severely suffered．So while it might seem like cyberbullying affects someone only after school hours，the truth is，you can never escape it．（38）A"
However，Natalie Eng holds the opinion that schools should model better behavior without getting involved．
"Of course I don't think cyberbullying is permissible．（39）DIf we allow schools to punish online bullies who operate after school hours，then where do we draw the disciplinary （纪律的） line？
"When a student is bullying another student at school，that behavior falls under the school's power，and administrators （管理者） should punish the bully．What about other rule-breaking behaviors，like drinking or staying out late？（40）G"A school's purpose is to educate you．If administrators really want to stop cyberbullying，they should teach students why it's wrong，how it hurts people，and what they can do to stop it．"

A．For that reason，I support these laws．
B．But I do think these laws are dangerous!
C．That's why we need more serious in-school influences!
D．Schools should be a place where you feel safe and welcoming．
E．Critics，however，argue that such laws give schools too much power．
F．Therefore，cyberbullying problem needs to be fixed before it happens．
G．With laws like these，we're in danger of giving schools too much power over our personal lives．

2．The key to dealing with test-day jitters（怯场） is thorough preparation．（36）GIt's important to prepare your mind and body for the experience of working and pressure．
Get some sleep．I know you've heard this before，but it's often repeated because it's so important．Get plenty of sleep the night before the test．If you don't have enough rest，you'll find it much hard to concentrate．（37）BLeave early．Be sure to leave earlier than normal on the day of a test to avoid the added fear of arriving late．（38）DThe embarrassment（尴尬） will cause you to be distracted and lose valuable time．
（39）AOnce you arrive at school or at the testing center，find a quiet place where you can be all alone．You can use your car if you drive or you can find an empty locker room or office．Once you locate a quiet place，do a relaxation session．Close your eyes and try to relax completely．Take deep breaths and think calming thoughts．
（40）F It's possible that some students start to stress out as other students discuss the material．When you hear others chatting，it might sound like you skipped over something important or you misunderstood a concept．It's probably not even true-but it can seem like it．

A．Take a quiet moment．
B．A sleepy brain is a foggy brain．
C．Watch out for the road conditions．
D．Attending an exam late is the last thing youneed．
E．You can find time to eat some snacks during a break．
F．Don't talk with other students in the minutes before a test．
G．But full preparaion means more than knowing the test material．

1．Everyone can benefit from making an effort to practice gratitude（感激）every day．The following three steps can help you start feeling more grateful，and appreciative of the good things in your life：
Notice the Good Things in Your Life
（36）E Pay attention to the small everyday details of your life-nature，people，community，shelter，creature comforts like a warm bed or a good meal．And then start a gratitude journal（日记）．Making a commitment （承诺，保证）to writing down good things each day makes it more likely that we will notice good things as they happen．
Enjoy the Feeling of Gratitude
There are moments when you naturally，right then and there，feel filled with gratitude．These are moments when you say to yourself，"Oh，wow，this is amazing!"or"How great is this!"Pause．（37）B Let it sink in．Enjoy your blessings in the moment they happen．
Express Gratitude
Expressing gratitude is more than being polite．（38）AShow your appreciation to someone who really did something nice．Say："It was really kind of you to…，""You did me a big favor when…，"or"Thank you for being there when…"．（39）C Hold the door open for the person behind you，even if it means waiting a little longer than you normally would．
True gratitude doesn't leave you feeling like you owe other people something-after all，if you've done someone a favor，you probably don't want the person to feel like you expect something back in return．（40）D

A．It's about showing your heartfelt appreciation．
B．Just notice and absorb（吸收，吸入） that feeling of true gratitude．
C．You can also express gratitude by doing a kindness．
D．It's all about feeling good and creating a cycle of good．
E．Start to notice and identify the things you are grateful for．
F．Help someone without letting the person find out it was you．
G．It's amazing what you notice when you focus on feeling grateful．

20．I was ten when I first sat with my grandmother behind the cashier（收银台） in her general store．（36）BI quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying"thank you"．
At first I was paid in candy．（37）AI worked every day after school，and during the summer and on weekends and holidays from 8a．m．to 7p．m..My father helped me set up a bank account．（38）G．
By the time I was 12，My grandmother thought I had done such a good job that she promoted me to selling cosmetics（化妆品）．I developed the ability to look customers directly in the eye．Even though I was just a kid，women would ask me such things as"What color do you think I should wear？"I took a real interest in their questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup（化妆）ideas．（39）C．
The job taught me a valuable lesson：to be a successful salesperson，you didn't need to be a rocket scientist-you needed to be a great listener．（40）D．Expect they are no longer women purchasing cosmetics from me； instead，they are kids who tell me which toys they would like to see designed and developed．
A．Later I received 50cents an hour．
B．Before long，she let me sit there by myself．
C．I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics．
D．Today I still carry that lesson with me：I listen to customers．
E．My grandma's trust taught me how to handle responsibility．
F．Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before．
G．Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought．

19．Choosing to Study Overseas
Every year，thousands of students choose to study in another country for a semester，the summer，or a year．Studying overseas can be an exciting experience for many people．
（36）B
Living in another country can help you to learn a language，and about another culture．
（37）FOverseas study may also look good on your future resume．Many companies today want employees who speak a second language，or have experienced living or working in another country．
Making the right choice
Once you decide to study overseas，you have to make some choices．To choose the right country or school．Ask yourself：Where do I want to go and why？How much do I want to pay？（38）D Do I want to live with a host family，with roommates，or alone？
Getting ready to go
Get your passport and visa early!（39）G Learn about the money．Bring some of it，and a credit card，with you．
Once you are there
After the first few weeks overseas，many students will feel a little homesick．They may miss their family，friends，and familiar ways of doing things．（40）EWhen you feel sad or homesick，try to talk to others，or write about your feelings in a notebook．

A．You should improve your mother tongue before you go．
B．Why do it？
C．large number of students can't afford to study overseas．
D．How long do I want to study overseas？
E．Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place，school，and culture．
F．You will see the world in a new way，and learn more about yourself．
G．Before you go，learn some of the language，and read about some common customs in your host country．

18．Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways．First，the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it．（36）A．Third，note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest．
You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report．（37）F．Whenever or however you take notes，keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process．（38）E．
The following methods may work best for you．
●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it．
●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts．
●（39）G
●Use words，not complete sentences．
●Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written．
As you take notes，you may want to use your own shorthand．When you do，be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time．（40）D．

A．Second，your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test．
B．There are three practical note-taking methods．
C．You must write your notes on separate paper．
D．Otherwise，you may not be able to read your notes later．
E．That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes．
F．You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes．
G．Write your notes in your own words．

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