2．Do You Know the Gaps in Your Knowledge?You probably don't know as much as you think you do．When pu——青夏教育精英家教网—

2．Do You Know the Gaps （漏洞） in Your Knowledge？
You probably don't know as much as you think you do．When put to the test，most people find they can't explain the workings of everyday things they think they understand．Don't believe me？Find an object you use daily （an ear phone，a toilet，a stereo speaker） and try to describe how it works．（71）EWe call this phenomenon the illusion of explanatory depth（解释性深度错觉）．It means you think you fully understand something that you actually don't．
We see this every day in buzzwords （流行语）．Though we often use them，their meanings are usually unclear．（72）F
Several years ago，I attended a meeting where the president spoke about global business practice in the coming year．During the talk，people around the room nodded in agreement．Afterwards，though，many of them discussed how to manage global business practice，none of the people who had nodded in agreement could exactly describe what it actually meant．
No matter what job you do，discovering your gaps in knowledge is necessary．An unknown gap means you might not fully understand a problem．（73）B
To discover the things you can't explain，take a lesson from teachers．When you guide someone else，you have to fill the gaps in your own knowledge．But you don't need to teach someone else．Explain concepts to yourself as you learn them．Get in the habit of self-teaching．Involve others in learning together．（74）D Ask them to explain difficult concepts，even if you think everyone understands them．Not only will this help you to work through new ideas，but it will occasionally uncover places where your friends don't understand the explanations．
（75）GThey can help you have a better understanding of problems．

A．An active learner usually puts it into reality．
B．That can prevent you from solving the problem properly．
C．Your explanations can't show your own knowledge gaps．
D．Help recognize the knowledge gaps of the people around you．
E．You're likely to discover unexpected gaps in your knowledge．
F．They cover gaps in our knowledge，serving concepts we don't fully understand．
G．When you do uncover these gaps，treat them as learning opportunities，not signs of weakness．

1．Organizing Your Time
You can set a budget for your time just as you can set a budget for your money．Since you're trying to reduce worry rather than increase it，go into this process with a focus on maximizing（使…最大化）your personal time，rather than cramming（塞满） as much as you can into each day．
●Set a sleep schedule （36）B Give yourself a one-hour target window for bedtime in the evening，and set a strict time to get up in the morning．Be sure that the space between your bedtime and the start of your day gives you roughly an hour more than the amount of sleep you actually need．（37）E
●Take care of tasks at the same time every day．Plan time for daily health care，commuting（乘公交下上班），work，shopping，eating，and chores（家务）．Add in time for anything else you do most days，such as homework，exercise，or an active hobby．（38）G All the time left over is your free time，to use for relaxation or whatever else you want．
●（39）C For example，you might plan to go，dropping on your way home from work，to save the extra trip
For many people，an irregular work schedule make this kind of budgeting difficult．（40）A

A．However，you can still plan to work around your schedule in the same order every day．
B．Stick to it，even on weekends
C．Try to combine trips outside the home to maximize your free time
D．Different days call for different approaches．
E．Therefore．you won't lay down and start worrying about whether or not you'll fall asleep on time．
F．Sit comfortably and focus on your breathing until the rest of your thoughts become quiet．
G．Put them in a specific order that works for you．

20．The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet，chat and go where we've never been before
But just as m face-to-face communication，there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when online．（31）F    Imagine how you'd feel if you were in the other person's shoes
For anything you're about to send，ask yourself，"Would I say this to the person's face？"If the Answer is"no"，rewrite and reread （32）B
If someone in the chat room is rude to you，your instinct（本能）is to fire back in the same manner But try not to do so．（33）E  If it was caused by a disagreement with another member，try to fix the situation by politely discussing it Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room
（34）C  Offer advice when asked by new comers，as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate  When someone makes a mistake，whether it's a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer，be kind about it If it's a small mistake，you may not need to say anything．Even if you feel strongly about it，think twice before saying anything  Having good manners yourself doesn't give you license to correct everyone else．（35）D    At the same time，if you find you are wrong，be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended
It is not polite to ask others'personal questions such as their age，sex and marital status．Unless you know the person very well，and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information，don't ask such questions

A．Everyone was new to the network once
B  If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake，point n out politely
C．It's natural that there are some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online
D．The basic rule is simple：Treat others in the same way you would want to be treated
E．You should either ignore the person，or use your chat software to block their messages
F．When you send short messages to a person online，you must say something beautiful to hear
G．Repeat the process till you feel sure that you'd feel comfortable saying the words  to theperson's face．

19．We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life，but most of us don't do a very good job．So，you have to give a speech and you are terrified．You get nervous，you forget what you want to say，you talk too long，and you bore your audience．Later you think，"Thank Goodness，it's over．（36）C．I hope I never have to do that again．"
Cheer up!It isn't that bad．Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making．（37）A．What is the occasion？Why are you speaking？Then，gather as many facts as you can on your subject．Spend plenty of your time doing your research．Organize your material and use as many examples as possible．（38）D．Don't talk over their heads，and don't talk down to them．Treat your audience with respect．They will appreciate your thoughtfulness．
Just remember：Be prepared．Know your subject，your audience，and the occasion．Be brief．（39）F．And be yourself．Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience．
If you follow these simple steps，you will see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking．In fact，you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches!Are you ready now？（40）G．

A．Ask yourself the purpose of your speech．
B．Don't look at the audience during your speech．
C．I'm just not good at public speaking
D．Say what you have to say and then stop．
E．Talk about whatever you are familiar with．
F．Never forget your audience．
G．Give it a try and see what happens．

18．Lazy people will never gain anything in life．However，laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind．
（36）CMany people lack sleep constantly，since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work．These people have little motivation once they arrive home．Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things．By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest，you can fight laziness throughout the day．
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active．（37）F Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task．Others take a more positive approach，viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone．
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations（诱惑）that surround them．A television in the living room may provide entertainment，but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness．（38）G Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy，such as a good dinner or a film．
Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home．Couples and children may all have different energy levels，but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately，（39）A Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal．Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task．It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people．
（40）D Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle，thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits．

A．To fight family laziness，set an example．
B．Knowing how to fight laziness is important．
C．One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep．
D．Finally，taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness．
E．With strong determination，you will be able to achieve your goal．
F．Laziness often appears when you are passive．
G．Create a reward system for yourself，just as parents do for a child．

17．The relationship between parents and teachers is important in the development of a child．The good communication between them is communication that says，"I care about my child，and I value school．"The best way a parent can show how much he or she values learning is by sending a prepared child to school every day．（36）A Once a child gets behind in class，catching up can be difficult．
Parents and teachers are partners in student development．A school community is built on relationships established（确立）among children，teachers，and children's families．
Here are tips for creating a positive relationship with your child's teacher．
Meet with your child's teacher in the fall．（37）D-his or her special needs，outside activities，health，and home study habits．
Look for the positive．（38）C．Share with your child's teacher something you particularly appreciated regarding the teacher's role in the academic and/or social development of your child．
Let the teacher know that you want to support the work that is being done in class．Ask for suggestions for expanding school activities into home activities．
（39）E You can send a note of thanks when something special takes place in the classroom and your child is involved．
Be willing to participate in or set up a conference when you or your child's teacher feel a special meeting is needed，such as
•（40）G
•Your child seems to be deeply upset about something that happened at school．

A．When a child is absent from school，important lessons may be missed
B．Phone your child's teacher if necessary
C．The teachers need to feel appreciated for the job they do．
D．This is a good time for the teacher to learn more about your child
E．Express your appreciation to the teacher
F．The beginning of every term is very important
G．There is a dramatic drop in your child's grades．

16．（36）G Sometimes they try to get out of a class to escape a teacher they don't like．Here is some advice to solve this problem．
Ask yourself，"What can I learn from this teacher？"Even if you don't worship his or her personality or lectures，dig deep until you find a subject in which he or she is very knowledgeable．Focus on that part of the teacher's personality，and use him or her as a tool for learning．Not only will you gain more knowledge in that subject，but a closer relationship with your teacher may help you understand one another better．（37）D．
Talk to students who are doing well in the class and ask them for tips，tools，and a pan of action to get along with the teacher better．（38）B．
If you still can't get along，make an appointment with the school guidance counselor （辅导员）．He or she will offer many tips and suggestions for you to get out of difficult teacher relationships．（39）A That means they can help you and your teachers get rid of the bad impression on each other．
（40）F Your parents can meet with your teacher and try to work it out．
Teachers are there for more than just homework，and they know about more than just their subject matter．They can help you learn how to function as an adult and a lifelong learner．
Undoubtedly，these will be a few teachers along the way who you will always remember and who might change your life forever．

A．Sometimes a guidance counselor can act as a mediator between you and the teacher．
B．If you're too shy to talk to another student，study his or her actions and behavior in the classroom and try to follow that lead．
C．Guidance counselors have the right to blame teachers．
D．There must be something good in every teacher for you to learn from．
E．Students find it easy to get along well with their teachers．
F．If your relationship problems can't be solved in school，then it's time to tell your parents or guardians．
G．Students don't always get along well with their teachers．

15．Christmas Activities for Adults
With Christmas just around the corner，it is time for us to plan our holidays．（36）B
Organize a Charity Show
Christmas is about spreading joy and love．It's about giving．We give our family presents on this day to show them with happiness and love，don't we？But have you ever wondered how the poor celebrate their Christmas？Does Santa leave gifts for them too？（37）E Use all the activities to buy gifts or necessities for those less rich．
Visit Orphanages and Old Age Homes
Christmas is an occasion for the entire family to come together and celebrate．More than the celebrations，we look forward to being near our close ones．
（38）G Form a group and spend an entire day with children or senior at orphanages and old age homes．
Start a Donation Drive
When we do something alone，the impact of that action isn't as great as it would be if done by a group．（39）C A lot of people will want to donate clothes and other necessary items．Along with gifts，if you donate these to people as well，it will really make a difference．
（40）Dthese activities in time and have fun with your family and friends．Merry Christmas！May God bless you!

A．Shopping is an entirely different experience during Christmas．
B．Here are some fun Christmas activities that you are absolutely going to love．
C．If you have the time，organize a donation drive in your locality．
D．Now that you know these activities，you can select a few of them to keep yourself busy．
E．As charity，you can arrange for a show in your circle of friends or in your neighborhood．
F．Gifting something to your family members，friends and colleagues is important．
G．The same joy can be shared with people who don't have the company of their family on this happy occasion．

14．Life in the university is different from that in the high school in many ways．So from the day that the term begins，the freshmen（新生） need to get ready for a new life．（36）G
1．The New Living Environment
（37）B However，with a new environment now，they have to depend on themselves．Some coming from far away can't agree with the weather and eating habits； some who have separate bedroom at home find the school dormitory（宿舍） uncomfortable and are not sure how to get along with roommates．
2．The Huge Gap（差距） between Reality and Ideal（理想）
In most freshmen's imagination，university is full of bright classrooms，friendly teachers and top students．After stepping into university，experiencing a short excitement，all of a sudden they realize a great gap between the ideal and the reality：some classes are really boring； the subjects they study are not their interest，etc．（38）D
3．The Communicative Relation to Deal With
Freshmen in universities will find their classmates are from different parts of the country，so there are less similarities．（39）A As a result，some of them have trouble having comfortable relationships with others and feel lonely．
4．The Self-inspiration
Many students were top-students during high school who were loved by their teachers and admired by their fellow classmates．When they enter university，however，the situation becomes completely different．Facing a more competitive surrounding，if one fails to keep on working hard，he is sure to fall behind．（40）E

A．Also their habit has great difference from each other．
B．Before going to college，most students are taken good care of by their parents．
C．They have different choices．
D．All these make some students down and disappointed．
E．Therefore，they need to inspire themselves to go on doing their best．
F．By joining more clubs they will meet new friends．
G．Here're some problems they may meet in the new school．

13．Health is the most important thing in the world．Nothing is more important than health．If we take awav our money，houses，cars or even our clothes，we can still survive．（36）DThat is why we alwavs trv to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly．
How can wc keep healthy？In order to eat healthily，I usually avoicl eating food high in fat，like French fries or cookies．which are junk foods．（ 37）EI eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit uhich are full of vitamins．
（38）ATaking exercise every day helps us build a strong body．Regular exercise is an important pan of keeping me healthy．
What's more．I tliink friencls are an important part of one's health．（ 39）CI always feel better when l am with friends than when I am alone．When I am with my friends，I always laugh．Laughing is also an important part of health．It is good to stav with my friends．
By eating．propedy and exercising regularly，I can keep my body at a proper weight ancl keep healthv．By spending time with my friends，I can keep my mind as wellasmy body happy．These things souncl easy to cio．but not many people can manage them．（40）F

A．On the other hand，cloing exercise is very important．
B．There are some people who like staying alone，but they keep healthy．
C．Many studies show that people with a range of social contacts clon't get sick．
D．But if our health was taken away，it ls certain that we would sureh die．
E．I onlv eat little meat．
F．I think a strong will is necessary if we u'ant to keep healthy．
G．Some people appear f'at because they often eat too much．

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