16．People who are slightly overweight or mildly obese have a lower risk of early death than normal w——青夏教育精英家教网—

16．People who are slightly overweight or mildly obese（肥胖的） have a lower risk of early death than normal weight individuals（个人；个体），according to a new analysis of nearly 100international studies．
The studies，most conducted within the past decade，included about three million adults from around the world．The result of these studies by researchers at the National Center for Health Statistics in Maryland，part of the U．S．Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，shows that slightly overweight or obese people were six percent less likely to die from all causes compared to people of normal weight．But the researchers found that seriously obese individuals were still at a 30percent greater risk of death compared to healthy-weight individuals．
Study lead author Katherine Flegal says she was not surprised that overweight people would not have a higher death risk．"Because we'd actually already read a lot of this literature and realized that death rates for overweight would be at least not higher than normal[weight，"she said．"I guess l was a little bit surprised that it was definitely lower．And l was also surprised that the lower rates of obesity didn't seem to differ from normal weight．"But Flegal stresses the difference in death rates appear to be small between normal-weight people and overweight and mildly obese individuals．
The finding by Flegal and colleagues have raised new questions about the reliability（可靠性）of the so-called"body mass index"or BMI，a measurement of body fat as a ratio（比例，比率）of height to weight，that has become popular in recent years among public health experts to measure potential health risks．
But Heymsfield warns that individuals should not conclude that it's okay to put on extra kilograms，since being at a healthy weight lowers the risk for heart disease and diabetes．
13．Katherine Flegal feels surprised at the fact thatB．
A．obese people have higher death rates
B．slightly obese people have lower death rates
C．obese people tend to die early
D．death rates have nothing to do with body weight
14．What do we learn from the fifth paragraph？A
A．BMI may not be so reliable．
B．The study provides further evidence for BMI．
C．BMI tells nothing about potential health risks．
D．BMI has been much questioned recently．
15．What topic does the passage mainly deal with？C
A．Technology．
B．Dieting．
C．Health．
D．Death．

15．First aid means the aid or the help that can be given to an injured person first，that is，before any other help arrives．Nowadays there is usually a telephone not far away and the first we should do，if a serious accident happens，send to telephone for an ambulance．Sometimes quick action by us may save someone's life．
Shock．People often suffer from shock after receiving an injury，sometimes even when the injure is a small one．The face turns grey，and the skin becomes damp and cold．They breathe quickly．They should be kept warm．Cover them with a blanket and give them a warm drink．
Broken bones．Do not move the patient．Send for an ambulance at once．Threat for shock if necessary．
Bleeding．A little bleeding doesn't harm．It washes dirt from the wound．But if the bleeding continues，try to stop it by placing a clean cloth firmly over the wound until the bleeding stops or helps arrive．
Poison．A person who has taken poison should be taken to a hospital at once．With some poisons，sleeping pills，for example，it is a good thing to make the patient throw up by pressing your fingers down his throat．
Remember：When an accident happens，send someone to telephone for an ambulance at once．Keep the injured person warm and quiet．Give him plenty of air．Do not let other people crowd around him．

32．If someone goes into shock after receiving an injure，you'll find thatD．
A．the face turns grey
B．the skin becomes damp and cold
C．the patient breathes quickly
D．all of the above
33．Which of the following statements is wrong according to the passage？D
A．First aid means to give an injured person the help at once before the doctor comes．
B．If an injured person goes into shock，we must try to keep them warm．
C．Don't move the injured person if he has broken his legs．
D．When a person has taken poison，we must make him sick．
34．The passage mainly tells usA．
A．some advice on how to deal with common accidents
B．some facts about some common accidents
C．some examples of common accidents
D．something we must remember
35．What's the best title for this passage？D
A．Save One's Life．
B．Some Accidents．
C．Common Injures．
D．First Aid．

14．Life in 2060
Let us suppose it is now about A．D.2060．Let's make believe it is about sixty years from now．Of course，things have changed and life is very different．
Voyages to the moon are being made every day．It is as easy to take a holiday on the moon today as it was for the people in 1960to take a holiday in Europe．At a number of scenic spots on the moon，many hotels have been built．The hotels are air conditioned，naturally．In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon，every room has at least one picture window．Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment （娱乐） of young and old．
What are people eating now？People are still eating food．They haven't yet started to take on heir （继承） supply of energy directly as electrical current or as nuclear power．They may some day．But many foods now come in pill form，and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants．
Since there are several times as many people in the world today as there were a hundred years ago，most of our planet's surface has to be filled．The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer destroyed by pests．The harvest is always good．
Farming，of course，is very highly developed．Very few people have to work on the farm．It is possible to run the farm by just pushing a few buttons now and then．
People are now largely vegetarians （素食者）．You see，as the number of people increases，the number of animals decreases．Therefore，the people have to be vegetarians and we are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds，and we know the causes and cure of disease and pain，and it is possible to get rid of diseases．No one has to be ill any more．
Such would be our life in 2060．
29．When was the passage written？C
A．In about A．D.2060．
B．In about 1960．
C．In about 2000．
D．In about 2004．
30．According to the passage，what will be on the moon in about A．D.2060？A
A．Many tourists．
B．Many other animals．
C．Many plants．
D．A sea．
31．The passage tells us that in 2060，D on the earth than now．
A．there are fewer population
B．there are more pests
C．there is less water
D．the crops are getting better．

13．Grandparents Answer a Call
As a third-generation native of Brownsville，Texas，Mildred Garza never planned to move away．Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children，she politely refused．Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms．Garza finally say yes．That was four years ago．Today all three generations regard the move as a success，giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities．
No statistics（数据） show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren．Yet there is evidence（证据） suggesting that the trend（趋势） is growing．Even President Obama's mother-in-law，Marian Robinson，has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters．According to a study by grandparents．com，83percent of the people said Mrs．Robinson's decision will influence grandparents in the American family．Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family．
"In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own，"says Christine Crosby，publisher of Grand，a magazine for grandparents．"We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them，especially when you're raising children．"
Moving is not for everyone．Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices（牺牲），but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead．Having your grandchildren far away is hard，especially knowing your adult child is struggling，but giving up the life you know may be harder．

25．Why was Garza's move a success？A
A．It strengthened（加强） her family ties．
B．It improved her living conditions．
C．It enabled（使…能够） her to make more friends．
D．It helped her know more new places．
26．What was the reaction of the public to Mrs．Robinson's decision？D
A．17% expressed their support for it．
B．Few people responded sympathetically（同情地）．
C．83% believed it had a bad influence．
D．The majority thought it was a trend．
27．What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s？C
A．They were unsure of themselves．
B．They were eager to raise more children．
C．They wanted to live away from their parents．
D．They had little respect for their grandparents．
28．What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph？A
A．Make decisions in the best interests of their own．
B．Ask their children to pay more visits to them．
C．Sacrifice for their struggling children．
D．Get to know themselves better．

12．Very mobile ears help many animals direct their attention to the rustle of a possible attacker．Researchers say these mobile ears have become a useful communication tool．Their studies of animal behaviour build up a picture of how communication and social skills developed．
"We're interested in how they communicate，"said lead researcher Jennifer Wathan．"And being sensitive to what another individual is thinking is a fundamental skill from which other more complex skills develop．"
Ms Wathan and her colleague Prof Karen McComb set up a behavioural experiment where 72individual horses had to use visual cues from another horse in order to choose where to feed．They led each horse to a point where it had to select one of two buckets．On a wall behind this decision-making spot was a life-sized photograph of a horse's head facing either to left or right．In some of the trials，the horses'ears or eyes were covered．
If the ears and eyes of the horse in the picture were visible，the horses being tested would choose the bucket towards which its gaze-and its ears-were directed．If the horse in the picture had either its eyes or its ears covered，the horse being tested would just choose a feed bucket at random．
Like many mammals that are hunted by predators（捕食者），horses can rotate（旋转）their ears through almost 180degrees-but Ms Wathan said that in our"human-centric"view of the world，we had overlooked the importance of these very mobile ears in animal communication．
"It seems there's something in the visual cues-from both the eyes and the ears-that are really important，"she told BBC News．"Horses have quite rich social lives and relationships with other horses，so they're a good species to look at this in．"And the more we look at communication across different species，the more we can consider what might have promoted the evolution of sophisticated communication and social skills．"
32．Why does a horse rotate its ears？B
A．To tell each other where they can go for the buckets．
C．To warn the other horse when an attacker is coming closer．
B．To be curious about what the other horse is thinking．
D．To express its hope to build up social relations with others．
33．Why did the researchers use the life-sized photograph of a horse in the experiment？D
A．To help develop horses'complex skills．
B．To make the horses in the experiment excited．
C．To lead other horses to feed themselves．
D．To provide clues for the horses in the experiment．
34．Why are ears and eyes important to horses？B
A．They can find the feeding buckets more easily with ears and eyes．
B．With ears and eyes they can communicate with other horses．
C．With ears and eyes they can escape from dangers more easily．
D．Horses have quite rich social lives with ears and eyes．
35．What can be the best title of the passage？A
A．Rotary Ears Serve as Communication Tools．
B．Horses Have More Social Skills than Other Species．
C．Experiments with Horses'Ears．
D．Fundamental Skills of Horses．

11．It would be perfect if you would not have to answer your boss，you would have flexible working hours and you would be able to earn satisfactory money without putting much effort．In order to live that successful life of freedom，you would need to become a successful businessman．You would need to build your online business in a way that it would be working like a selfreplicating（自我复制的） system to create a continuous stream of income for you．
If you are looking for that selfreplicating system，there are a number of products available in market saying they can make you a millionaire in few days．I have been doing research about them and found a solution in the form of Coffee Shop Millionaire．It is a good way to create that selfreplicating system to provide you a satisfactory income．
First of all，Coffee Shop Millionaire is not one of those tricks to make you a millionaire in few days．Instead，it is about creating a lifestyle of complete freedom．You can live wherever you want and work wherever and whenever you want to work without being answerable to anyone．It is a complete product．It includes tools，training and step-by-step guidance to get you started to make money online．
No matter where you are and who you are，Coffee Shop Millionaire contains several ways to help you earn fulltime income online．Specifically，it is recommended to go through its eight weeks of training from Six Figure Secrets Club and $21k System．These two areas specifically aim to teach you how to make money online．
As we have talked about its positive points，now let's have a look at its flaws（缺点）．It has been observed that Coffee Shop Millionaire has just too much information to grasp for a beginner．If its product training and tools are more directional for beginners，it would be more effective．
If I have to give conclusive remarks about Coffee Shop Millionaire，I would say，if you could make use of all its tools and training properly，it can be beneficial for you to earn money online．On the other hand，if you just want to experiment with it，Coffee Shop Millionaire may not work for you．
25．The first paragraph serves as a（n）A．
A．background
B．introduction
C．comment
D．explanation
26．Coffee Shop Millionaire is strongly recommended by the writer becauseD．
A．it is a good case of doing online business
B．it is a workshop established by the writer
C．it can provide many job opportunities for job hunters
D．it can help a person do business in a systematic way
27．What is the purpose of the last paragraph？C
A．To tell us earning money online is challenging and risky．
B．To show earning money online doesn't work for everyone．
C．To tell us one should have full confidence in Coffee Shop Millionaire．
D．To show the writer is doubtful about Coffee Shop Millionaire．

10．The eventual extinction of the large prehistoric animals has always attracted researchers．However，it is impossible to recreate most of them，either because the fossilized（变成化石的） DNA is too old （dinosaur）or just not available．But the one exception may be the woolly mammoth，which lived about 8，000years ago．
Thanks to their relatively recent disappearance and the ice-cold weather they lived in，plenty of well-preserved specimens （标本） have been discovered．In the last few years，scientists have been able to piece together the mammal's genetic code（遗传密码） using some frozen hair and also recreate its blood，with the help of DNA that was found preserved in the bone．Now，a group of Japanese scientists want to take it one step further and bring the mammoth back to life．
The team of scientists plan to start with a journey to Siberia this summer，to seek out the DNA from a flash-frozen specimen of the mammal．In case they are unable to find one，they will use the tissue of a preserved mammoth that currently sits in a Russian laboratory．
The scientists will join the mammoth's DNA with an empty egg of the mammoth's closest present-day relative---the elephant．Then，by using an electric current，they will trick the egg into growing and dividing．After a few days，the researchers will put it inside a female elephant，which will act as a surrogate mother（代孕母亲）．
Then begins the waiting game---for it takes about 600days，for an elephant or in this case a woolly mammoth baby，to fully develop---that is，if everything goes well and the surrogate mother doesn't reject the egg．
If luckily we do get a baby mammoth，scientists are not sure if they would produce more，but they are hoping they will be able to study it and answer the age-old question of how they became extinct---were they hunted down by humans of did they die because of climate change？
Will the woolly mammoth come back to life？We have to wait and see．
32．The remains of the woolly mammoth are kept well partly due toC．
A．their long hair
B．their big size
C．the coldness
D．human activity
33．Why do the Japanese scientists plan to go to Siberia？A
A．To find suitable DNA．
B．To preserve the specimen．
C．To recreate the mammoth's blood．
D．To seek help from the Russian scientists．
34．The fourth paragraph mainly deals withB．
A．the future of the cloned mammoth
B．the process of cloning the mammoth
C．the difficulty the scientists are faced with
D．the relation between the mammoth and the elephant
35．If the scientists'efforts pay off，we are mostD．
A．clone a lot of mammoths
B．bring dinosaurs back to life
C．know the effects of climate change
D．find out why the mammoth died out．

9．My grandma whom we all called Nanny was a solid，first-generation，Italian immigrant．She came to this country with her family on a tiny ship during World War I when she was only 8years old．During the trip she survived stormy seas，little food，and an attack by a German U-boat．After getting here，her large family worked hard to build a new life in America．They never had much money but were rich in love．
One day，when I was about 5or 6years old，my parents and brothers went on a trip．It was just me and Nanny in the house for the weekend．Nanny seemed so happy to be taking care of me all by herself．She made me a special breakfast that first morning．However，all I could do was to complain about how the food was not how Mom always made it．Nanny quietly put down the plate and went into the living room．I followed a minute later and saw that she had tears in her eyes．It was the first time I had ever seen my strong and proud grandmother cry and I was the one who had caused it．
I walked over to Nanny，climbed on her lap，and for the first time in my short life I did something else too．I apologized without being told to and asked Nanny to forgive me．She smiled，rubbed my head，and told me I was a good boy even though I didn't feel like one then．
That memory just like my Nanny's love will stay in my heart forever．It is a sign of both strength and wisdom．Asking for forgiveness helps us to learn，to grow，and to love．
21．Nanny's family immigrated to America mainly becauseA．
A．their country was in war and they needed peace
B．they wanted to start a rich life in the new land
C．they tried to get away from the terrible climate
D．they suffered starvation in their homeland
22．The boy complained to Nanny that the foodD．
A．was just to his parents'taste
B．was served a bit later than usual
C．was prepared in a special way
D．wasn't cooked the way his mom did
23．When seeing Nanny crying in the living room，the author feltC．
A．surprised
B．shocked
C．ashamed
D．annoyed
24．The author mainly wants to tell us thatB．
A．hardships can make children more indifferent
B．forgiveness can be beneficial to people asking for it
C．grandparents are more tolerant than their grandchildren
D．family ties can sometimes be misused．

8．Carrot juice，because of its many healthy benefits，is commonly called the"magic juice"．It has been found that adding carrot juice to people's diets greatly improves their health．And its delicious taste makes it popular with all members of the family as a beverage．
Carrot juice is one of the richest sources of vitamin A that can be used in the daily diet．Lack （缺乏） of vitamin A can cause dryness and damage to the skin，nails and hair．Drinking carrot juice to increase the vitamin A in the diet is said to be good for many parts of the body，including the bones and teeth．
Drinking carrot juice is thought to be extremely helpful to the liver （肝脏），because vitamin A helps to clean the liver and reduce fat in it．And it is suggested that drinking carrot juice should be done regularly，rather than just from time to time．
Drinking carrot juice is also thought to improve the eyesight because of the vitamin A in the juice．Lack of vitamin A can lead to night blindness，which can be very dangerous，especially when the person is driving a car．An easy way to find out if you are lacking in vitamin A is to walk from a bright room into a dark room．Your eyes may have some trouble in getting used to the change of light if you are lacking in vitamin A．
How can you make carrot juice？Wash some carrots well in cold water．Scrape （刮） them lightly，but do not peel them，as this will take away valuable vitamins and minerals that lie close to the skin．
52．Lack of vitamin A can lead toA．
A．skin dryness
B．broken bones
C．complete blindness
D．liver cancer
53．According to the passage，carrot juiceB．
A．is popular because it is a magic cure for many diseases
B．does a lot of good to the teeth and other parts of the body
C．can wash away the waste from the body
D．may be harmful to the body if it's drunk too much
54．We can learn from the fourth paragraph thatA．
A．drinking carrot juice helps to protect your eyesight
B．driving cars at night may lead to night blindness
C．walking from a bright room into a dark room may lead to night blindness
D．you will find it easy to get used to the change of light if you lack vitamin A
55．Which would be the best title for this passage？C
A．Tips on How to Make Carrot Juice
B．The Way to Keep Good Health
C．The Great Benefits of Carrot Juice
D．A Healthy Diet for Patients．

7．We've all seen them：perfectly toned famous people on late-night television telling us that we too can develop rock-hard abdominal muscles（腹部的）．It's easy!Just pay 149.99fortheTorsoTrackor149.75for the Ad-Doer and watch those unwanted inches leave your waist．Americans spend tens of millions of dollars on various products to firm up their fat around the waist．
And did they work？Not necessarily．Independent studies have concluded that most of these products----no matter who approved them or how expensive they are----shape your midsection no better than old-fashioned stomach crunches（仰卧起坐）．Some can even cause injury----like the $518.99Body Shaper-Q8SP，which left electrical burns on some researchers at the University of Wisconsin，La Crosse．Others，like the popular Ab-Doer，typically burn less energy than a gentle walk，according to a study to be published in September by the American Council on Exercise．
The fact is that many Americans don't have the biological makeup to develop an obvious abdominal muscles．They are either unable to get the necessary muscle mass or they can't lose enough fat to make a difference．Even if the underlying muscles are well developed，all it takes to hide it is one-sixteenth of an inch of fat．That's enough to exclude most healthy women as well as plenty of guys who do crunches every day．
So what works best？In its new study，the exercise experts researched on the results of the popular
Ab-Doer．A lengthy TV advertisement promises that just 10minutes a day performing such movements as"Body Boogies"and"Good Mornings"will"help form those muscles the fun and easy way without diets．"Steven Loy，professor at California State University，Northridge，tested the promise by measuring the electrical activity produced by the abdominal muscles during three Ab-Doer movements．He and his colleagues then compared the results with those produced during traditional exercises．They determined that the muscles were no more active，and in some cases less so，when exercisers were using the Ab-Doer．
Taking a broader approach，researchers at San Diego State University compared 13abdominal
exercises for their ability to develop the central abdominal muscles．They concluded，in a report published in May，that the most effective exercises kept turning the body and worked the muscles the entire time．Among the winners：the bicycle movements----so called because it looks as if you are riding a bike while lying flat on the floor----and exercises performed on the"Captain's Chair"，a product typically found in gyms that helps hold the body in the air while you raise your legs up toward your chest．Researchers suggested that a varied routine of the different exercises could deliver the best results．
21．Which of the following is the most effective in building abdominal muscles？B
A．Torso Track．
B．Captain's Chair．
C．Ab-Doer．
D．Body Shaper-Q8SP．
22．According to the author，it's difficult for many Americans to get visible firm abdominal muscles mainly becauseA．
A．how big their muscles will be is determined by birth
B．they change their exercise routine regularly
C．injuries interrupt their exercise frequently
D．they do not put in enough efforts
23．The author convinces the readers byB．
A．describing successful cases
B．presenting findings of researches
C．offering comments directly from exercisers
D．comparing advertisements of products
24．What's the main purpose of this passage？C
A．To sponsor rich healthy lifestyle based on advanced product research．
B．To indicate that diet and exercises are necessary factors for a fit midsection．
C．To promote proven exercise techniques and to advise against false advertisements．
D．To research and develop in order to create the perfect stomach and exercise machine．

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