12．Having a positive attitude is one of the most significant factors in success．Yet it can be one of——青夏教育精英家教网—

12．Having a positive attitude is one of the most significant factors in success．Yet it can be one of the most difficult goals one can have，since so many negative things can happen it us over time．
With 2014coming to an end，you may have experienced failure in getting a job，a raise，or a promotion．You can，however，choose to take a positive attitude，which can enable you to achieve even greater things in the new year．The question is：How do you do it？
Don't just measure your progress in 2014by how far you are from your ideal outcomes，but by how far you've come since January．In other words，how you feel about your career and life achievements is relative to your frame of reference．
Suppose that your goal for 2014was to make a profit of 10million in your business，and you made only 7million．You can choose to focus mostly on the 3million shortfall and feel discouraged，which is what some people would do．Or you can focus on earning 7million，which makes you feel positive about yourself，your company，your staff and your customers．That makes a huge difference in how you'll approach 2015．
This approach to assessing your progress is applicable in every aspect of your life，not just in your career．If you had set a goal to lose fifty pounds in 2014and you lost just ten，then you can choose what you'll focus on．Choose to consider the forty pounds you didn't lose，and you'll feel like a loser．Or focus on the 10pounds you lost，and you'll experience a feeling of accomplishment．
Maintain a positive attitude and you will see how your life will improve and how successful you will become．Success leads to more success，while failure leads to more failure．By focusing on how successful you've been in 2014，you're setting yourself up for even greater success in 2015．

59．The author intends to tell usA．
A．that we should have a positive attitude towards life
B．how to get prepared for the new year
C．that failure is a common thing in one's life
D．how to overcome failure in life
60．According to the passage，some people often feel discouraged in thatC．
A．they have no chance of making money
B．they are ignored by their families of friends
C．they focus too much on what they fail to get
D．they have to face many challenges in the new year
61．The underlined word"shortfall"in Para.4probably means"A"．
A．lack B．benefit C．worth D．profit
62．It can be inferred from the passage thatB．
A．failure is the mother of success
B．attitude decides success or failure
C．failure can make a positive contribution to one's life
D．success belongs to those who never say"impossible"

11．It's long been known that dogs and cats，with their well developed sense of smell，can be trained to identify the chemicals released by human illnesses．In some cases，researchers have even trained household pets to detect or predict epilepsy（癫痫病）．But what if we could fine set that sense and put it into a microchip，allowing us to create a breathalyzer for diseases？
For Dr．Andrew Koehl，the inventor of the microchip technology at the heart of this digital nose，the technology that will allow us to do just that is already here．"We can detect down to parts per billion levels，"Koehl says．"To give you a similarity that's equal to one drop in an Olympic size swimming pool．"The sensor identifies each chemical's make-up in the air．If the sensor is set to a certain level，it will set off an alarm．
Work continues to make it smaller and makes it able to enter the healthcare market．Within several years，the company hopes to develop it as a diagnostic（诊断） tool．"What's amazing is that there really are chemicals on your breath that indicate illness，that's been shown through a number of studies and we can detect those，"he said．"There have already been a number of research papers published suggesting we can detect many disease．"
At the beginning，the technology had been developed for defense purposes．He said the terror caused by the events of September 11had got him thinking about the application of this type of sensor in safety check．"Originally it was aimed at detecting things like explosives，poisonous chemicals and other terrors that might occur，"said Dr Koehl．
Eventually the sensor could become a part of many everyday instruments，warning users of which foods are going bad in the fridge or even the best moment to take the roast out of the microwave oven．
You could even，one day，have a digital nose that you could carry in your pocket．"More recently we've been looking at user spaces so we're talking to a number of producers of mobile phones and mobile phone parts，"he said．"We want to develop a module small enough to put into mobile devices like phones．"

59．It can be inferred from the passage thatC．
A．This type of sensor was designed to prevent disease at first
B．The digital nose can be put into mobile phones at present
C．Users might take the mobile devices with them in near future
D．The new invention has already entered the healthcare market
60．The underlined word"detect"（Paragraph1）is closest in meaning toB．
A．protectB．discoverC．settleD．remove
61．What's the passage mainly about？D
A．Dogs and cats have a strong sense of smell．
B．A new sensor is used to identify chemicals．
C．Modern technology is developing very fast．
D．Digital nose on a microchip can smell diseases．

10．Our planet Earth is comparatively small，with only about 24，902miles around the equator（赤道）．Its surface area may seem largest at 196，935，000sq．miles，but of this，70% is covered by sea．The actual land surface covers some 57，500，000sq．miles-29% of the total surface area．
Once again，this seems vast until we take into account the largely uninhabited（未居住的） regions such as the huge wastes of the Arctic and Antarctic，the deserts and wetlands．These regions are not always totally uninhabited，but they can usually support only very small populations．
At present there is still enough space on Earth for humans and wildlife，but what of the future？Our world cannot grow any larger，yet the human population keeps growing every year!As of July 2008，there were almost 6.7billion（十亿） people on the planet，and current estimates（估计） suggest that the population could be as high as 9.1billion by as soon as 2050．
While the birthrate is slowing a little in parts of the Northern Hemisphere，in many other parts of the world，including developing countries，populations continue to grow．This population explosion is responsible for most world environmental problems today； so whether our main concern is to breathe cleaner air，to drink purer water，to eliminate（消除） pollution，to protect wildlife and countryside，to produce more food to eat or to reach a higher standard of living generally，our chances of achieving any of these things become faint as the population increases sharply．The Earth's resources are vast but limited．We have a tendency to look to the shortterm，rather than seeing the bigger picture of the future．
This is why it is so important that young people learn about looking after the planet-so that future generations of adults act responsibly with regard to the environment and create a future that is continuable，both for humans and all the other species with which we share our world．

59．What does the author worry about？C．
A．How to find ways to live in uninhabited regions．
B．The Earth is turning smaller and smaller．
C．Whether there is enough space for creatures in the future．
D．What people will live on in the future．
=60．According to the text，we can infer thatA．
A．the population will increase by 0.6billion every ten years
B．the birthrate around the equator is a little low
C．population explosion is caused by environmental problems
D．more population brings more resources
61．What does the underlined word"faint"mean？B．
A．Important．B．Slight．C．Necessary．D．Interesting．
62．Which of the following ideas is suggested by the author？C．
A．Taking strong measures to control the birthrate．
B．Saving the Earth's natural resources．
C．Calling on the young to care for the planet．
D．Protecting the endangered species．

9．Many kids help out around the house with chores（家庭杂务） such as emptying the dishwasher，putting laundry（洗好的东西） away，and taking out the trash．In exchange，some kids get allowances（补贴） or other rewards such as extra computer time．
But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores．Susie Walton，a parenting educator and family coach，believes that by rewarding kids，parents are sending a message that work isn't worth doing unless you get something in return．"Running any kind of household is a team effort，"Susie said．"A home is a living space for everyone in the family．It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house，and that families decide together how they want their home to look，and how they are going to keep it looking like everyone wants it to look．"
Other people believe that getting a cash allowance or other rewards motivates kids to do chores，and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to earn money．There are also new applications that give kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed（兑取） either online or in the real world．With the ChoreMonster app，kids earn digital points by completing chores that they can turn in for real-life rewards such as extra Xbox time or a trip to the mall．"Our goal is to encourage kids to earn rewards，"says Chris Bergman，founder of ChoreMonster．"Kids need positive reinforcement （强化） to help motivate them．"
What do you think？Should kids be rewarded for doing chores？Or should kids help out around their homes without getting anything in return？
Write a 200-word response．Send it to tfkasks4you@timeforkids，com．Your response may be published in a future issue of Time For Kids．Please include your grade and contact information of your parent or teacher if you want your response to be published．The deadline for responding is February 18．

55．How does the author start the passage？A．
A．By presenting some facts．
B．By listing some evidence．
C．By comparing different views．
D．By stating his own experiences．
56．According to Susie Walton，C．
A．kids should be rewarded for doing chores
B．parents decide what kids can do for the family
C．kids have the responsibility to share housework
D．kids can get extra computer time for doing chores
57．Paragraph 3is mainly aboutD．
A．Chris Bergman's opinion on raising kids
B．main reasons why kids need encouragement
C．how to motivate kids to try new applications
D．the advantage of rewarding kids for doing chores
58．The purpose of writing the text is toA．
A．invite readers to express their opinions
B．inform readers of two different opinions
C．call on readers to reflect on their behavior
D．present the author's viewpoint about parenting．

8．Thinking of cutting classes？It may come with a high price．In the Newberg School District，parents will get a 225fine for their kids'cutting school after letters，phone calls，and parent-teacher conferences don't work．
School officials hope the policy will improve attendance and encourage parents to do a better job of keeping track of their children．"In today's world，if you don't go to school，you'll have a hard time getting ahead in life，"Noosha Razavian，a teacher from Newberg High School says．"Fining parents if their child cuts school will make sure that today's kids don't end up on a street corner．Not only does this rule keep teens'futures bright，but it also keeps parents responsible for their children．"
No parent wants to pay a 225fine．Lori Oberstadt，a mother of two from St．Paul，Minn．，says，"Paying the fine would change my kids'attitudes．There would be consequences for my children if I were to pay that fine，like no Facebook or cell phone．"
But others argue that parents shouldn't be held responsible for their children's bad behavior．"Parents cannot always watch their children．Many parents have to work or take care of younger children．In the end，students，not their parents，need to be held responsible for their actions，"Cole Boettcher，a father in Newberg says．
In some cases，the school may be partly responsible for the students'absences．If school were more interesting，maybe students would enjoy learning more and want to stay in school．"As a taxpayer for public schools，parents expect that the educational programs are interesting enough that the students do not feel bored，"says Abby Saadat，the assistant of Encinitas Union School District in Encinitas，Calif．

63．The policy aims toB．
A．fine irresponsible parents
B．encourage students to attend school
C．prevent students going to school late
D．help students get a good job in the future
64．What may Noosha Razavian agree with？C
A．Kids with good class attendance will have a bright future．
B．Uneducated kids will live on the streets some day．
C．School plays an important part in kids'life．
D．Schools and parents should work together．
65．Who support the policy？A
A．Lori Oberstadt & Noosha Razavian．
B．Abby Saadat & Cole Boettcher．
C．Noosha Razavian & Abby Saadat．
D．Lori Oberstadt & Cole Boettcher．
66．In Cole Boettcher's opinion，who will be responsible for class-cutting？A
A．Students．B．Teachers．
C．Parents and schools．D．Students and parents．

7．New Zealand is one of the famous tourism destinations in the world．Many people want to go there to spend holidays．Travelers traveling to New Zealand need to consider the following things：
Bookings
Since most of the activities are done in a group like arranging hotels and meals，it is important that people travel as a group．They enjoy special offers and discounts from these travel agencies，which saves them a lot of money．Individual travelers can't enjoy this．Travelers should also select their dates to travel and book their travel ahead of time．
Seasons
Travelers should also find out the season that New Zealand is now experiencing．This will help them take the right clothing for the season during their travel．Travelers traveling during summer should take light clothes and their swimming suits since they can enjoy the sunny beaches in New Zealand．Those traveling in winter should carry heavy clothing including hats and boots．
Rental
Travel agencies also provide rental services for houses，bikes and cellphones for tourists who wish to enjoy these services．Travelers wishing to rent a car must have a driving license recognized by the New Zealand government．
The culture of the people
People traveling to the country are also advised to learn about the culture of the people of New Zealand．This will enable them to be freely accepted into the country by the locals since they will be doing many things that they will consider acceptable．Learning the local language and the culture will help travelers enjoy their New Zealand visits．
People wishing to travel during the holiday seasons will spend more money，so it is important to make the best decision．

55．Why should travelers find out the season that New Zealand is now experiencing？B．
A．Because this will help them save some money．
B．Because this will help them take the clothing．
C．Because this will help them enjoy the sunny beaches．
D．Because this will help them choose the best time to travel．
56．Which of the following requires a license recognized by the New Zealand government？C．
A．House rental．B．Cellphone rental．C．Car rental．D．Bike rental．
57．From the passage we can learn thatD．
A．culture of New Zealand is difficult to learn
B．travelers should travel as individual ones
C．travelers can book their travel at any time
D．learning the local language will help travelers a lot
58．This passage is written mainly toD．
A．ask more people to travel to New Zealand
B．introduce the basic information of New Zealand
C．show some of the best tourism places of New Zealand
D．tell people what they should notice before travelling to New Zealand．

6．Speaking from my past experience，it is very difficult to find good friends that you can trust but once you have found them，they are worth keeping forever!Therefore，I think friendship is the most important relationship that anybody could have．
The qualities I look for in a friend are a good sense of humor but sensitivity when it matters．Also that friend would have to be strong-minded and highly spirited．I think that these qualities are the key qualities to look for in a good friend．
Even the strongest friends can still have arguments，although usually about more serious topics，rather than the usual teenage childish arguments．Some matters can seriously affect a friendship．If one of your friends started experimenting with harmful and dangerous drugs，what would you do？A good friend would try to help as much as possible，whereas a bad example of a friend would simply shrug（耸肩） and turn a blind eye．
Not only the bad things affect friendship----good activities do too．Such as bonding with one another，not just by going out on a night with them but by spending quality time with them and talking to each other，which indicates a good ability to communicate．This is a key aspect of a good friendship．
Good friends do not always have to be in the same age group as you．I have a good friend and she is 47years old and I am 16．
Unfortunately，some people lose contact with their friends as they grow older，which is a sad way to lose a good friend．
I think friendship is one of the most important things in life because if you have no friends you will have no happiness．

22．According to the author，true friendshipC．
A．is easy to get                         B．deepens with time
C．needs management                       D．affects one's happiness
23．Paragraph 3is mainly aboutB．
A．why drugs are bad for teenagers          B．problems that will test friendship
C．ways that help avoid arguments          D．whether a friend is trustworthy
24．According to the author，which matters least in friendship？A．
A．Age． B．Sensitivity． C．Sense of humor． D．Communication ability．
25．Which of the following saying can match the author's view on friendship？D．
A．Old friends and old wines are best．
B．A friend without faults will never be found．
C．a friend to everybody is a friend to nobody．
D．A life without a friend is a life without the sun．

5．"Why do we have to learn this useless thing？"Of all the questions I have heard from my students during my years in the classroom，this was the one most frequently asked．I would answer it by telling them about an experience I once had．
It was an experience I had with a students，who I shall call Alan，early in my teaching career．When Alan was in the eighth grade，he majored in"trouble"．He had studied how to be a bully（恃强凌弱者） and was getting his master's degree in"thievery"．
Every day I had my students memorize a famous saying from a great thinker．No one complained about this daily routine more than Alan-right up to the day he was dismissed．Then I lost touch with him for five years．Then one day，he called．
He told me that after being sent to juvenile prison（少年犯管教所），he hated himself so much that he had cut his wrists with a knife．
He said，"You know what？Mr．Schlatter，as I lay there with my life running out of my body，I suddenly remembered that useless saying you made me write twenty times one day．‘There is no failure except in no longer trying．'Then it suddenly made sense to me．As long as I was alive，I wasn't a failure，but if I allowed myself to die，I would most certainly die a failure．So with my remaining strength，I called for help and started a new life．"
At the time he had heard the saying，it as a pebble（鹅卵石） which made no sense to him．But when he needed guidance in a moment of difficulty，it had become a diamond．And so it is to you．I say，gather all the pebbles you can，and you can count on a future filled with diamonds．

18．When Alan studied at school，he was probably good atD．
A．memorizing sayings
B．complaining routine work
C．communicating with others
D．stealing things and threatening others
19．The underlined word"dismissed"in the third paragraph is closest in meaning toA．
A．expelled B．retired C．ignored D．fired
20．What can we learn from the passage？C．
A．Remembering some saying from great thinkers is very important．
B．Alan is not a good student because he didn't memorize the sayings．
C．Sometimes the small thing in the life may become a wise guidance when we are in trouble．
D．Try to collect as many pebbles as we can because they will become shining diamonds one day．
21．What would be the best title？C．
A．Alan B．A Saying C．Pebbles D．A Story．

4．The sharp drop in world oil prices has led oil companies in the United States to dismiss thousands of workers．Some companies have also delay new oil drilling and exploration projects．The drop in oil prices has also affected small service companies and even stores that do business with oil companies in big producer states like Texas．But the drop in oil prices has not been bad for everyone．
Oil platform workers are often called roughnecks．In Texas，many roughnecks have lost their jobs because of the drop in oil prices．The effect of falling prices has been worse in states like Alaska and North Dakota．That is because production costs are higher there than they are in the Eagle Ford area of south-central Texas．
Adam Perdue is an economist at the University of Houston's Institute for Regional Forecasting．He has been studying the effect of falling oil prices in Texas．He says oil company exploration and production budgets（预算） are being cut between 10and 50percent，with most of them being cut by a third．He thinks the lower spending will affect the local economy．
The economic slowdown will affect companies that manufacture pipes and other equipment for oil exploration and production．It will also have an effect on trucking companies that supply sand and chemicals，and other small businesses that serve the energy industry．
But low oil prices are good for chemical companies．They use hydrocarbons（碳氢化合物） found in oil to make fertilizer，plastic and other products．Adam Perdue says a new chemical plant project near Houston will provide jobs for many skilled workers"A lot of these roughnecks that are gonna lose their jobs out there in the field are gonna be able to come home and，and，and get a welding job or a construction job．"he says．But some oil industry experts believe prices will rise again in about six months when the oversupply of oil is reduced．

25．Why is the effect of falling prices worse in North Dakota？B
A．Roughnecks there have lost their jobs．
B．The oil production there costs more．
C．Oil platform there has been closed．
D．Oil prices there have fallen more sharply．
26．What does Adam Perdue's study show？D
A．Adam Perdue is a great economist of today．
B．The local economy has been cut by one third．
C．Oil company exploration should be carried on．
D．Cut of oil cost will influence the local economy．
27．Which of the following has benefited from the drop in oil prices？B
A．Oil service companies
B．Chemical companies
C．Welding companies
D．Construction companies
28．What can we infer from the last paragraph？C
A．The oversupply of oil will bring in more money．
B．The roughnecks have to come after work．
C．The world oil problem is likely to last another half year．
D．A construction job will be more and more competitive．

3．As you grow older，you'll be faced with some challenging decisions-like whether to cut class or try cigarettes．Making decisions on your own is hard enough，but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder．People who are your age，like your classmates，are called peers．When they try to influence how you act，to get you to do something，it's called peer pressure．
Peers can have a positive influence on each other．Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar system．Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book，and now everyone's reading it．These are examples of how peers positively influence each other．
Sometimes peers influence each other in negative ways．For example，a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them； your soccer friend might try to convince you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball．
It is tough to be the only one who says"no"to peer pressure，but you can do it．Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do．
You've probably had a parent or teacher advising you to"choose your friends wisely．"Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this．If you choose friends who don't cut class，smoke cigarettes，or lie to their parents，then you probably won't do these things either，even if other kids do．
If you continue to face peer pressure and you're finding it difficult to handle，talk to someone you trust．Don't feel guilty if you've made a mistake or two．

29．For whom is the passage most probably written？A
A．Students．B．Parents．C．Teachers．D．Doctors．
30．In the last three paragraphs，the author mainlyB．
A．explains why friendship is so important
B．gives advice on how to deal with peer pressure
C．discusses how peers influence us
D．shows how to make more good friends
31．Which of the following may help handle peer pressure？C
A．Spending more time with classmates．
B．Taking up more relaxing hobbies．
C．Choosing friends with no bad habits．
D．Helping others who are in trouble．
32．What is the topic of the passage？D
A．Friendship．B．Making decisions C．Self-confidence D．Peer pressure．

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