19．Iceland has energy to spare，and the small country has found a cutting-edge （尖端的） way to reduce its oil dependency．Volcanoes formed the island nation out of ash and lava，which heats huge underground lakes to the boiling point．The hot water is piped into cities providing heat for homes，businesses and even swimming pools．The volcanoes melted ice，which formed rivers．The water runs through turbines，providing all the country's electricity．
Iceland wants to make plans to improve its cars，buses and trucks to run n renewable energy．Iceland has already started by turning water into fuel-hydrogen fuel．Here's how it works：Electrodes （电极） change the water into hydrogen and oxygen molecules．Hydrogen electrons pass through a conductor that creates the current to power an electric engine．
Hydrogen fuel now costs two to three times as much as gasoline，but gets up to three times the distance than gas，making the overall cost about the same．As an adde benefit，there is no carbon-only water steam．
In the capital，Reykjavik，they are already testing three hydrogen-powered electric buses．The drivers are impressed．"I like these buses better because with hydrogen you get no pollution，"said bus driver Rognvaldur Jonatanlson．By the middle of this century，all Icelanders will be required to run their cars only on hydrogen fuel，meaning no more gasoline．
"If we make hydrogen and use that as a fuel for transportation then we can run the whole society on our own local renewable energy sources，"said Marie Mack．Icelanders are showing the orld that by making fuel from water，it is possible to kick the oil habit．
32．From Paragraph 1we may infer thatD．
A．Iceland lacks natural resources
B．all the country's electricity is made from coal
C．Iceland mainly depends on oil for energy
D．volcanoes do more good than harm to Iceland
33．Which of the following is necessary during the period of turning water into fuel according to Paragraph 2？A
A．Conductor．
B．Electric engine．
C．Electricity．
D．Turbine．
34．The advantage for the cars with hydrogen as fuel is thatC．
A．the cars run much faster．
B．the cars are cheap．
C．the cars are environmentally friendly．
D．the cars will make useful steam．
35．What would be the best title for the passage？B
A．Pollution saying Good-Bye to the world．
B．Iceland planning to use water as fuel．
C．Iceland becoming a country without oil．
D．Man able to kick the oil habit．
18．Machu Picchu is an unusual site in Peru and one of the most mysterious wonders of the world．Built at almost 10，000feet on the top of an Andean mountain，the Incas built hundreds of structures made of stone．A large number of Machu Picchu's surrounding structures date back to the early 13th century，but it was considered a chief sacred site far before then．The Inca people changed the large site into a very small but wonderful city，completely self-sufficient and hidden from below．Agricultural terraces （梯田） surrounded the entire city，fed by natural spring water，supporting the entire population．
Inca Trail
The trail is one of the most famous in the world and regarded as one of the best．It covers only 26miles，combining cloud forest，green mountain scenery，forest，and plenty of tunnels，paving stones，and ruins．The four-day hike begins slowly but quickly changes into a difficult journey suitable for those in excellent shape．The trail winds through the Andes，leading alongside and through ruins．Though independent hiking was once permitted，now it must be done with a guide．
Funerary Rock
It is believed that the Funerary Rock at Machu Picchu was used as a place to prepare Inca nobles for preservation，or mummifying （做成木乃伊），a common habit among the tribe．Nobles would be laid out to be mummified by the hot sun and freezing cold nights after their organs were removed．The rock is also famous as a spot from which a view of the city is afforded．
Temple of the Sun
Within the city's castle，deep within Machu Picchu，is the Temple of the Sun，accessed only by the Emperor and Inca priests．It means the Inca's advanced knowledge of religion，weather，and nature，showing the great extent Incas went to adapt to and learn about nature．Still unbroken，the temple was built to honor the god Inti，who is exactly the sun．The temple was effectively protected．It was also a very important scientific center，built in half-moon shape with openings facing north and east．The windows'shadows in the center of the temple helped see the start of winter solstice （至日），showing farming season．
33．What do we know about the Inca Trail？A
A．The scene is very beautiful along the trail．
B．One person alone is permitted to hike on the trail．
C．Only healthy people can do the four-day hike trail．
D．The trail covers a distance of 80miles in all．
34．Temple of the Sun suggests thatD．
A．Incas had a good knowledge of math
B．Incas are rich in farming experiences
C．Inca had a desire to go to the moon
D．Incas adapted and learned about nature
35．What can be the best title for the passage？C
A．Inca Trail                    
B．Funerary Rock
C．Machu Picchu                
D．Temple of the Sun．
17．目前，很多学生带手机上学．为此，某英语报在你校组织了一场讨论．讨论的主题：中学生是否有必要带手机去学校．请你根据下表提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论情况．
大多数同学认为大多数老师认为：你的观点：
可方便与家长、同学联系；是一种时尚．中学生年龄尚小，还不能自控；用手机玩游戏，发短信浪费时间；容易引起攀比．如须打电话学校里有各种电话可供使用．追求时尚可以理解，
但学习是首要任务．
注意：
1．信的开头已为你写好．
2．词数：100左右．
3．参考词汇：攀比：vie with…在校园内：on the campus 手机：mobile phone
Dear editor：
I'm writing to tell you about the discussion we've had about whether it is necessary for middle school students to carry mobile phones to school．
                                                                   
Yours truly，
Li Hua．
16．Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted．Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem．One result is that millions of tons of glass，paper，plastic and metal container are produced，and these are difficult to get rid of．
However，today，more and more consumers are choosing"green"and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment．Before they buy a product，they ask questions like these，"Will this shampoo damage the environment？""Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once？"
A recent study showed that two out of five adults now consider the environment safety of a product before they buy it．This means that companies must now change the way they make and sell their products to make sure that they are"green"，that is，friendly to the environment．
Only a few years ago，it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets，but now there are hundreds．Some supermarkets'products carry labels to show that the product is green．Some companies have made producing of clean and safe products their main selling points and emphasize （强调）  it in their advertising．
The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business．No longer will the public accept the old attitude of"Buy it，use it，throw it away，and forget it．"The public pressure is on，and gradually business is cleaning up its act．

32．It becomes clear from the passage that the driving force （动力） behind the green products isA．
A．public caring for the environment
B．companies'desire for bigger sales
C．new ways of doing business
D．rapid growth of supermarkets
33．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage？C
A．Only the productive methods are the cause of the heavy pollution．
B．Manufactures（制造商） made their products clean with cleaners．
C．In fact，it is the public who made the companies produce green products．
D．Not all the consumers would like green products．
34．The underlined word"it"in the fourth paragraph refers toD．
A．a selling point
B．the company name
C．a great demand for health foods
D．the producing of green products
35．What would be the best title for the text？B
A．Business and People
B．Business Goes Green
C．Shopping Habits Are Changing
D．Supermarkets and Green Products．
15．Once upon a time，there was a large mountainside，where an eagle's nest rested．The eagle's（21）Bcontained four large eagle eggs．One day an earthquake rocked the mountain，（22）D one of the eggs to roll down the mountain（23）Ca chicken farm，which was in the valley below．The chickens knew that they must （24）A and care for the eagle's egg，so an old hen（25）Ato hatch （孵） and raise the large egg．
One day，the egg hatched and a beautiful（26）Cwas born．Sadly，however，the eagle was raised to be a（n） （27）A．Soon，the eagle believed he was （28）Bmore than a chicken．The eagle（29）A his home and family，but his spirit cried out for more．While playing a game on the farm one day，the eagle looked at the skies above and（30）Da group of eagles soaring in the skies．"Oh，"the eagle cried，"I wish I could soar（31）A those birds．"The chickens shouted with laughter，"You cannot soar like those birds．You are a chicken and chickens do not（32）B．"
The eagle （33）Cstaring at his real family up above，（34）Cthat he could be with them high in the sky．Each time the eagle wanted to let his（35）Dbe known，he was told it couldn't be done．That is（36）Bthe eagle learned to believe．Slowly，the eagle（37）C his dreaming and continued to live his life like a chicken．（38）B，after a long life as a chicken，the eagle（39）D．
You will become what you believe you are； so if you ever dream of becoming an eagle，（40）Cyour dreams，not the words of a chicken．

21．A．homeB．nestC．familyD．hotel
22．A．guidingB．blowingC．invitingD．causing
23．A．onB．overC．toD．past
24．A．protectB．punishC．introduceD．share
25．A．offeredB．regrettedC．triedD．turned
26．A．eggB．henC．eagleD．chicken
27．A．chickenB．eagleC．heroD．fool
28．A．somethingB．nothingC．anythingD．everything
29．A．lovedB．hatedC．dislikedD．appreciated
30．A．heardB．recognizedC．respectedD．notice d
31．A．likeB．overC．forD．against
32．A．danceB．soarC．singD．swim
33．A．approachedB．avoidedC．continuedD．considered
34．A．promisingB．provingC．dreamingD．believing
35．A．suggestionB．advantageC．discoveryD．dream
36．A．whyB．whatC．howD．when
37．A．wentB．enjoyedC．stoppedD．began
38．A．HappilyB．FinallyC．QuicklyD．Probably
39．A．gave upB．broke downC．died outD．passed away
40．A．stickB．haveC．followD．remember．
14．Unfortunately（遗憾地），this happy story finishes on a more depressing note．
13．My blood began to circulateimmediately，and I was quite another body．
12．Work your brain!
Between 2 and 3 pounds of wonder，it controls everything we say，do or think，who we are and what we care about．The way we walk or laugh or figure out things．What we like and the talents we possess．How we see and talk and run and jump and process our food．
    The brain uses 20 percent of our body's oxygen and 20 percent of its blood．Somewhere within its protein，fat，100，000 miles of blood vesse ls and 100 billion nerve cells，it helps us remember where we put our gym shoes．Change our temperature so we don't die because of the heat or cold．Speed us up or slow us down．Help us choose between orange juice or orangeflavored drinks．
Its complexity（复杂性） are stunning，far beyond anything most of us can imagine．To keep this work of art as polished as possible we need to eat right，exercise and keep mentally stimulated．Good nutrition helps brain cells communicate with each other．Exercise stimulates a hormone in our brain that improves memory．Mental stimulation keeps you sharp even as you age．
"It's very important that we tell people to be physically active and mentally active，"said neurologist Malcolm Stewart．"People cannot stop aging，but you're able to reduce the damage； you're able to keep the function up．"
Following are Dr．Stewart's advice for improving brain health：
NutritionAvoid fast food．Follow the old adage（格言）：For breakfast，eat like a king； for lunch，like a queen； for supper，like a beggar．
ExerciseDo a combination of stretching aerobic and musclestrengthening every day．
Mental gamesTry to have a sense of hope about the future．Do puzzles．Listen to music．Reach out to others to make their lives better．
54．The purpose of the author in writing this passage is toD．
A．inform us how the brain works
B．show how special the brain is to us
C．tell us that the brain plays an important role in our lives
D．give us advice on how to keep the brain healthy
55．The underlined word"stunning"meansA．
A．amazing 　       
B．strange     
C．important　      
D．interesting
56．According to the text，more exerciseC．
A．keeps our mind sharp     
B．gives our brain a rest 　
C．helps improve our memory  
D．is good for brain cells communicating with each other
57．In order to keep brain healthy，we should avoidA．
A．eating a large supper                            
B．doing puzzles
C．eating a good lunch                          
D．taking aerobic exercise．
11．In most parts of the world，many students help their schools make less pollution．They join"environment clubs"．In an environment club，people work together to make our environment clean．
Here are some things students often do．
No-garbage lunches．How much do you throw away after lunch？Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again．Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school．
No-car day．On a no-car day，nobody comes to school in a car．Not the students and not the teachers!Cars give pollution to our air，so remember：work jump，bike and run．Use your legs!It's lots of fun．
Turn off the water!Did you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic meters of water an hour？In a year，that would fill a small river!In environment clubs，students mend those broken toilets．We love our environment．Let's work together to make it clean．
29．Environment clubs ask studentsD．
A．to run to school every day             
B．to take exercise every day
C．not to forget to take cars           
D．to use lunch bags
30．From the passage we know the students usually have lunchA．
A．at school          
B．in shops        
C．in chubs    
D．at home
31．The writer wrote the passage to ask the students toC．
A．clean school                       
B．make less pollution
C．join clubs                         
D．help teachers
32．Which of the following statements is true？B
A．On No-car day，only the teachers can go to school in their cars．
B．In the clubs，students usually work together to make the earth less polluted．
C．The water in the toilet can fill a river．
D．Students can take their lunch in paper，so they can throw it after lunch．
10．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
One activity that my family and I enjoy do every summer is taking our boat out．It's so many fun!We always invite one of our neighbour，Paul，to go with us．Paul is also my best friend，whom is the same age as me．He is good for swimming and fishing．I still remember last year he catches a very big fish．Every time we go boating，my father drives the boat．Sometimes he drives them really fast when we are sitting in front of the boat．We are very excited and happily．My mother always brings a lot of fruits and snacks．When we are hungry or thirsty，and we can eat them．
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