9．Leadership is a word getting a lot of attention these days．It appears in the title of new advice，how-to，and business books with amazing （51）B．Definitions vary，but most of the ones I've seen don't help much．It's a totally （52）D subject：You think A is a great leader； I like B's （53）B better．That is，you may not be able to （54）A it，but you know it when you see it．
So this is my take on the elusive （难以捉摸的） concept：
Years ago，leadership had （55）C to do with a specific ability．"Leader"was the（56）C given to the emperor of the organization．The person was the commander，the （57）A with complete control．But （58）D there is another way to establish yourself as a leader．
Here is my definition：Leadership is the ability to get others to do what you want，need，or expect them to do，and feel good about doing it．It is the（59）B part （feeling good about doing it） that is so elusive．
If I am in charge，I can certainly demand you do what I expect you to do and insist you get it done．I can give orders．（60）B，I am the boss，and everyone knows what that means．It is a sure way to destroy the atmosphere of the（61）D．
Today，I believe that approach is on the way（62）D，although it will always be with us．When people hate the boss，sure，the boss is called"leader"-but not a good one，because the followers are an unhappy bunch．If they had another，（63）C job to go to，they would be gone in a minute．
Here is a list of the qualities I believe it（64）B to be a good leader：1．Likable； 2．Trustworthy； 3．Competent and experienced； 4．Part of the team； 5．Able and willing to participate； 6．Ready to（65）C； 7．Adaptable to change； 8．Eager to share credit．
So this is my take on the elusive （难以捉摸的） concept：
Years ago，leadership had （55）C to do with a specific ability．"Leader"was the（56）C given to the emperor of the organization．The person was the commander，the （57）A with complete control．But （58）D there is another way to establish yourself as a leader．
Here is my definition：Leadership is the ability to get others to do what you want，need，or expect them to do，and feel good about doing it．It is the（59）B part （feeling good about doing it） that is so elusive．
If I am in charge，I can certainly demand you do what I expect you to do and insist you get it done．I can give orders．（60）B，I am the boss，and everyone knows what that means．It is a sure way to destroy the atmosphere of the（61）D．
Today，I believe that approach is on the way（62）D，although it will always be with us．When people hate the boss，sure，the boss is called"leader"-but not a good one，because the followers are an unhappy bunch．If they had another，（63）C job to go to，they would be gone in a minute．
Here is a list of the qualities I believe it（64）B to be a good leader：1．Likable； 2．Trustworthy； 3．Competent and experienced； 4．Part of the team； 5．Able and willing to participate； 6．Ready to（65）C； 7．Adaptable to change； 8．Eager to share credit．
| 51．A．activity | B．regularity | C．reality | D．sensitivity |
| 52．A．wrong | B．unnecessary | C．objective | D．subjective |
| 53．A．system | B．style | C．sample | D．speech |
| 54．A．define | B．understand | C．analyze | D．summarize |
| 55．A．a lot | B．something | C．nothing | D．everything |
| 56．A．rank | B．type | C．title | D．honor |
| 57．A．authority | B．candidate | C．specialist | D．assistant |
| 58．A．reasonably | B．hopefully | C．sadly | D．fortunately |
| 59．A．first | B．second | C．former | D．whole |
| 60．A．Above all | B．After all | C．For instance | D．On the contrary |
| 61．A．friendship | B．school | C．company | D．workplace |
| 62．A．over | B．in | C．along | D．out |
| 63．A．money-saving | B．highly-demanding | C．decent-paying | D．far-reaching |
| 64．A．endures | B．takes | C．minds | D．describes |
| 65．A．please | B．change | C．listen | D．follow． |
6．Section A Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context．
GM（转基因） crops are debatable．On one hand，some farmers and scientists feel that GM crops can make the world a（51）B place．If bioengineers can create crops that are resistant to insects（52）C，then they won't have to worry about insects destroying plants．In the（53）A of insect damage，crops can grow to feed the poor and hungry．Genetic engineering can create plants with other desirable properties as well．Plants that don't require much water，that can live even in times of drought，can help prevent the widespread（54）C that would occur if people have nothing to eat．It's easy to see why many people believe that GM crops will help the world meet the difficult（55）A that it will face as more and more people need to be fed．
But not everyone thinks bioengineering is a good idea．Other people are（56D．They mistrust the claims made and don't believe that biotechnology is without （57）B．The possible dangers include harming the ecosystem-the inter-related community of plants and animals and bacteria that（58）B the Earth．They（59）B that changing plants can harm our environment，and damage to our surroundings can hurt us．One danger is that GM crops can transfer their characteristics to other plants．Plants that reproduce by spreading their pollen （花粉） in the wind can possibly fertilize wild plants，making them more （60）B to control．Another problem is that GM plants might be a source of allergens （过敏源）．This seems （61）D，but in the process of making GM foods，genes are transferred that are known to cause problems for some people．Allergic reactions can（62）D from coughing and sneezing to death．
Indeed，people hold very different opinions about（63）A．While some people look forward to crops that will not rot during the trip to market，others claim that we will ruin our cropland and destroy what we are trying to save．While some people look forward to crops that can（64）C droughts，others claim that contact with GM plants can pollute other crops，making them（65）C for use．For some people，GM crops are the hope of the future； for others，they are a poison that will harm or destroy our farmland．
GM（转基因） crops are debatable．On one hand，some farmers and scientists feel that GM crops can make the world a（51）B place．If bioengineers can create crops that are resistant to insects（52）C，then they won't have to worry about insects destroying plants．In the（53）A of insect damage，crops can grow to feed the poor and hungry．Genetic engineering can create plants with other desirable properties as well．Plants that don't require much water，that can live even in times of drought，can help prevent the widespread（54）C that would occur if people have nothing to eat．It's easy to see why many people believe that GM crops will help the world meet the difficult（55）A that it will face as more and more people need to be fed．
But not everyone thinks bioengineering is a good idea．Other people are（56D．They mistrust the claims made and don't believe that biotechnology is without （57）B．The possible dangers include harming the ecosystem-the inter-related community of plants and animals and bacteria that（58）B the Earth．They（59）B that changing plants can harm our environment，and damage to our surroundings can hurt us．One danger is that GM crops can transfer their characteristics to other plants．Plants that reproduce by spreading their pollen （花粉） in the wind can possibly fertilize wild plants，making them more （60）B to control．Another problem is that GM plants might be a source of allergens （过敏源）．This seems （61）D，but in the process of making GM foods，genes are transferred that are known to cause problems for some people．Allergic reactions can（62）D from coughing and sneezing to death．
Indeed，people hold very different opinions about（63）A．While some people look forward to crops that will not rot during the trip to market，others claim that we will ruin our cropland and destroy what we are trying to save．While some people look forward to crops that can（64）C droughts，others claim that contact with GM plants can pollute other crops，making them（65）C for use．For some people，GM crops are the hope of the future； for others，they are a poison that will harm or destroy our farmland．
| 51．A．worse | B．better | C．less healthy | D．more peaceful |
| 52．A．in no way | B．by all means | C．for example | D．by contrast |
| 53．A．absence | B．appearance | C．case | D．effect |
| 54．A．war | B．poverty | C．starvation | D．robbery |
| 55．A．challenge | B．specification | C．standard | D．principle |
| 56．A．knowledgeable | B．supportive | C．ignorant | D．suspicious |
| 57．A．control | B．risks | C．criteria | D．doubts |
| 58．A．turn up | B．make up | C．give up | D．take up |
| 59．A．ensure | B．worry | C．deny | D．demand |
| 60．A．temperate | B．difficult | C．efficient | D．enjoyable |
| 61．A．inevitable | B．inaccessible | C．unavoidable | D．unlikely |
| 62．A．suffer | B．arise | C．start | D．range |
| 63．A．bioengineering | B．allergens | C．drought | D．future |
| 64．A．cause | B．reduce | C．stand | D．change |
| 65．A．efficient | B．expensive | C．unfit | D．possible． |
2．
The fortunate people in the world，the only really fortunate people in the world in my mind，are those whose work is also their pleasure．The class is not a large one，not nearly so large as it is often （41）B to be，and authors are perhaps one of the most important elements in its composition．They enjoy in this （42）D at least a real harmony of life．To my mind，to be able to make your work your pleasure is the one class distinction in the world worth striving for； and I do not （43）G that others tend to envy those happy human beings who find their livelihood in the gay effusions （流露） of their fancy，to whom every hour of labor is an hour of（44）K and even a holiday is almost deprivation （丧失）．Whether a man writes well or ill，has much to say or little，if he cares about writing at all，he will appreciate the pleasures of composition．
To sit at the table on a sunny morning，with four clear hours of uninterruptible（45）A plenty of nice white paper and a pen is true happiness．With the complete absorption of the mind upon a（n）（46）I occupation，what more is there than that to desire？What does it matter what happens outside？The House of Commons may do what it likes，and so may the House of Lords．The bottom may be（47）J clean out of the American market．The heathen （异教徒） may show（48）E anger in every part of the globe．Never mind，for four hours，at any rate，we will（49）H ourselves from a common，ill-governed，and （50）F world．
| A．security B．represented C．delete D．respect E．violent F．disorderly G．wonder H．withdraw I．agreeable J．knocked K．enjoyment |
To sit at the table on a sunny morning，with four clear hours of uninterruptible（45）A plenty of nice white paper and a pen is true happiness．With the complete absorption of the mind upon a（n）（46）I occupation，what more is there than that to desire？What does it matter what happens outside？The House of Commons may do what it likes，and so may the House of Lords．The bottom may be（47）J clean out of the American market．The heathen （异教徒） may show（48）E anger in every part of the globe．Never mind，for four hours，at any rate，we will（49）H ourselves from a common，ill-governed，and （50）F world．
1．Have you had to overcome difficulty in your life？Your difficulties may appear （41）B compared to those of April Alvarez．Doctors said she had a memory（42）A and severe learning disability．They said she would never（43）C to read or write．Later she had to tolerate years of doctors（44）D and daily shots．But she never gave up hope．
April expresses her （45）A this way："Even if it's dark sometimes，in my mind the （46）C are there．"April refuses to．1et learning challenges（47）B her back．She receives special education services．But she also worked her（47）D into advanced classes at Hawaii's Kahuku High Schoo1．With insistence and the help of （49）B，she has learned to develop her memory and become a（50）A student．
"I （51）D get things the first time，"she says．But she keeps trying and often （52）C up with a better understanding than other students．For being such a good （53）A，April was considered as an All-Star Kid in the Honolulu Advertiser newspaper．
Art and design are like（54）B for April．One of her watercolor designs won the grand prize in a national Christmas card contest．She also enjoys（55）D clothing，handbags and other items．April hopes to（56）D this talent into a career．Her plan is to study at the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York．
In a major step（57）C this goal，she received 27，500in scholarships from state and national awards last year．She won the seawards in recognition of her academic success．April isn't（58）Cwith just improving herself．She tries to help others，too．With her church，she has（59）Bfood for the poor and done something for the elderly．She organized a Christmas event（60）Apoor children receive donated gifts．
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April expresses her （45）A this way："Even if it's dark sometimes，in my mind the （46）C are there．"April refuses to．1et learning challenges（47）B her back．She receives special education services．But she also worked her（47）D into advanced classes at Hawaii's Kahuku High Schoo1．With insistence and the help of （49）B，she has learned to develop her memory and become a（50）A student．
"I （51）D get things the first time，"she says．But she keeps trying and often （52）C up with a better understanding than other students．For being such a good （53）A，April was considered as an All-Star Kid in the Honolulu Advertiser newspaper．
Art and design are like（54）B for April．One of her watercolor designs won the grand prize in a national Christmas card contest．She also enjoys（55）D clothing，handbags and other items．April hopes to（56）D this talent into a career．Her plan is to study at the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York．
In a major step（57）C this goal，she received 27，500in scholarships from state and national awards last year．She won the seawards in recognition of her academic success．April isn't（58）Cwith just improving herself．She tries to help others，too．With her church，she has（59）Bfood for the poor and done something for the elderly．She organized a Christmas event（60）Apoor children receive donated gifts．
| 41．A．1ight | B．small | C．serious | D．great |
| 42．A．problem | B．error | C．talent | D．ability |
| 43．A．begin | B．remember | C．1earn | D．desire |
| 44．A．medicines | B．operations | C．calls | D．visits |
| 45．A．attitude | B．suggestion | C．doubt | D．sorrow |
| 46．A．satellites | B．planets | C．stars | D．clouds |
| 47．A．take | B．hold | C．prevent | D．catch |
| 48．A．1esson | B．method | C．step | D．way |
| 49．A．ones | B．others | C．those | D．these |
| 50．A．top | B．slow | C．strict | D．shy |
| 51．A．almost | B．always | C．just | D．rarely |
| 52．A．starts | B．stops | C．ends | D．keeps |
| 53．A．example | B．servant | C．scholar | D．reporter |
| 54．A．tool | B．cure | C．skill | D．data |
| 55．A．making | B．cleaning | C．purchasing | D．designing |
| 56．A．introduce | B．create | C．increase | D．develop |
| 57．A．in | B．into | C．towards | D．beyond |
| 58．A．patient | B．anxious | C．content | D．appropriate |
| 59．A．bought | B．collected | C．1ent | D．stored |
| 60．A．where | B．when | C．why | D．how． |