14．以下 是几个国际节日的简要介绍：
A．Wharfedale Festival of Performing Arts  West Yorkshire，the United Kingdom

Young people are invited to compete in this art festival with classes covering speech，guitar，dance，poetry and short story writing，and so on．The previous year's winners are invited back to perform again at a special concert．With a long and well-known history behind it，this well-attended competition is a kind of forerunner of popular television talent contests such as Pop Idol．
B．Sydney Writers'Festival   Sydney，Australia

Held at Sydney's Wharf 4/5，the annual Sydney Writers'Festival is the biggest literary event of its kind in Australia and one of the biggest book fairs in the world．Attracting a mix of authors，poets，editors，publishers and book lovers，this is a great event at which people can look through thousands of titles while enjoying workshops，book reading and seminars．
C．Flipside Festival   Singapore

As part of the Singapore Arts Festival Outreach Programme，Flipside aims to reach a much wider audience with three weeks of lively，fun street performances．Flipside promises to bring out the adventurous side of you with a combination of physical theatre and mind games as well as free outdoor performances such as music performances from local singers．
D．Hay Festival   Hay on Wye，the United Kingdom

The little market town，Hay，has a population of 1500and no fewer than 39bookshops．It bills itself as the world's first and most distinguished book town，and is，therefore，a perfect place for a literary festival．The festival is a celebration of great writing．There are events including film screenings and musical concerts and the bookshops remain open throughout．
E．Bergen International Festival    Bergen，Norway

Founded in 1953，the Bergen International Festival presents an impressive cast of outstanding international artists in the fields of music，ballet，opera and other performing arts．More than 120events take place in late May to early June，which is a time of beautiful spring weather．The main festival venue is the Grieg Hall while the smallest and most unusual is an old trolley bus with seating for just 33people．
F．Nuits Sonores   Lyon，France

 Held each May，this relatively new festival brings together some of the biggest club DJs from around the world．The focus is on electronic dance music，but it also embraces all musical forms ranging from hip hop to jazz．For those that want to see daylight hours after a hard night clubbing，there is a wide variety of cultural events during the day ranging from special festival food programmes to films．

下面是几个人物的简要介绍，请匹配他们感兴趣的节日．
46．Martin，a famous writer，likes to find as many chances as possible to attend literary events around the world．Martin hopes to make friends with editors and book lovers．
B
47．Kelly is crazy about music，especially electronic dance music．She would like to go to a festival where she can enjoy different musical forms．She also has a strong interest in films．
F
48．As an outgoing girl，Victoria is very fond of performing arts．She hopes to take part in some performing art festivals to challenge and improve herself，and as a way to prepare for future television talent contests．
A
49．Simon is in search of a festival in North Europe with a long history where he can appreciate great international performing arts，especially ballet and opera．
E
50．Chris is a university student who majors in music．He'd like to watch some local street music performances．He is also very interested in physical theatre and mind games．
C．
13．In any culture，the development of self-control is important．This ability，which depends on the prefrontal cortex（前颚皮层），provides the basis for mental flexibility，social skills and regulation．It predicts success in education，career and marriage．Indeed，childhood self-control is twice as important as intelligence in predicting academic achievement．Contrarily，poor self-control in primary school increases the risk of adult financial difficulties，criminal behavior，single parenthood and drug dependence．
Traditionally，Asian students succeed in part because they show good self-control from an early age．In one study，Chinese preschoolers were six months ahead of American children in developing mental control．Another study found that Korean 3-year-olds did as well on such tasks as British children who were 17-months older．
Self-control can be built through practice．Chinese parenting emphasizes child training，which combines close supervision（监管） of performance with strong financial support and motivation for the child's efforts．This approach comes at a great cost to parents and children．East Asian students study long and hard．
Fortunately for American parents，psychologists find that children can develop self-control through their own effort．Behavior is powerfully shaped not only by parents or teachers but also by children themselves．The key is to take advantage of the child's own drives for play，social interaction and other rewards．
Effective approaches for building self-control combine fun with progressively increasing challenges．Rather than force activities onto an unwilling child，take advantage of his or her individual tendencies．When children develop self-control through their own effort for happiness，no parental guidance is required．Find something that the child is crazy about but that requires active effort．Whether it's doing baseball statistics or making （but not passively watching） YouTube videos，favorite hobbies build mental staying power that can also be used for math homework．

41．The first paragraph tells usA．
A．the importance of self-control
B．the definition of self-control
C．self-control in our education
D．self-control and achievement
42．Good self-control in the early age can probablyC．
A．guarantee the success of one's career
B．increases the possibility of one's failure
C．bring positive influence to a person
D．influence one's intelligence greatly
43．We can learn from the second paragraph thatB．
A．Asian students are much cleverer in an early age
B．good self-control contributes much to the success of Asian students
C．17-months old British children are cleverer than Korean 3-year-olds
D．American preschoolers'mental control is developed half a year earlier
44．East Asian students study long and hard because their parentsB．
A．encourage them by giving them money
B．not only supervise but also motivate them
C．train their self-control through their own efforts
D．train their intelligence intentionally
45．We learn from the last two paragraphs thatD．
A．children are crazy about making efforts to develop their self-control
B．children's self-control can be shaped by parents and teachers
C．effective approaches for building self-control can combine with math
D．developing self-control through their own effort is most important．
12．Boys need friends，suffer when they don't believe they have any，and worry over the ups and downs of relationships．Many adults believe that somehow boys need friends less than girls do，in truth，though，no boy is an island：boys value their friends throughout childhood and adolescence and are happier and healthier when they have solid relationships with peers．
Despite the common belief that girls are better at relationships，most boys consider their friends a very important part of their lives，and boys may actually be better at keeping friendships than girls are．A recent study of 10-to-15-year-old boys and girls found that girls'friendships are actually more fragile（脆弱的）．Girls tend to say and do hurtful things to each other more frequently than boys，and girls are more hurt by the end of a friendship．
Boys are the living definition of the phrase"peer group"：they love games with rules，competition，and doing things together．Boys seem to enjoy，even need the opportunity to test themselves against others，and many lasting friendships begin in karate（空手道） class or on the basketball court．Competence and skill are widely respected：being picked last for a team or left out altogether is an experience that can haunt （萦绕心头） a boy for years．
As boys mature，the friendship becomes even more important，and it frequently widens to include girls．During the teen years，friends can become the most important part of a boy's life---and a part in which his parents are not included．The confusion of being a teenager leads boys to form close bonds with friends．There is the sense for many boys that a friend is someone who is"always there for me"，someone he can trust．They may be partners in crime or partners in study，but the friendship of adolescent boys can run surprisingly deep．
 
31．The common belief of adults is that boysB．
A．don't care about others as much as girls    
B．don't value friendships as much as girls
C．have the same friendship as girls         
D．have healthier friendship than girls
32．According to the passage，A．
A．boys usually build friendships by playing competitive games
B．boys like to have small groups of friends
C．boys'friendships seldom result in anyone being hurt
D．boys'friendships can hardly end in failure
33．The author mentions the study in Para.2 to proveC．
A．girls value relationships more than boys
B．most boys consider their friends very important
C．boys may be better at keeping friendships than girls
D．boys may be more active in a friendship
34．As a boy gets older，he tends toC．
A．widen his circle of friends to include his parents
B．shift his focus from his friends to himself
C．leave his parents out of his friends
D．be confused about what a friendship is
35．What's the best title of the passage？B
A．Friendships Between Boys and Girls        
B．Boys and Their Friendship
C．Childhood and Adolescent Friendship       
D．Tips on Making Friends with Boys．
11．George，when your big brother and your little dog and I walked you up to schools today，you had no idea how I was feeling．
You were so excited．You had packed and unpacked your pencils and safety scissors in your backpack a dozen times．I am really going to miss those lazy mornings when we waved your brother and sister off to school．
Because you are my youngest，I had learned a few things by the time you came along．I found out that the seemingly endless days of babyhood are gone like lightning．I blinked（眨眼），and your older siblings were setting off for school as eagerly as you did this morning，I was one of the lucky ones； I could choose whether to work or not．By the time it was your turn，the shining prizes of career advancement and a double income had lost their brightness．A splash（溅水） in the pool with you in your bright red boots or"just one more"rereading of your favorite book，Frog and Toad Are Friends，meant more．You didn't go to preschool and I hope that doesn't hold you back．You learned numbers by helping me count the soda cans we returned to the store．
I have to admit that in my mind's eye，an image of myself while you're in school has developed，I see myself updating all the photo albums and starting that novel I always wanted to write．As the summer wound down and more frequent quarrels erupted between you and your siblings，I was looking forward to today．And then this morning，I walked you up the steep hill to your classroom．You found the coat hook with your name above it right away，and you gave me one of your characteristically fierce，too-tight hugs．This time you were ready to let go before I was．
Maybe someday you will deliver a kindergartner to the first day of school．When you turn at the door to wave good-bye，he or she will be too deep in conversation with a new friend to notice．Even as you smile，you'll feel something warm on your cheek．
And then，you'll know…

44．What does the author mean by the underlined sentence？D
A．She gave up the job with a big salary and prizes．
B．She could only recall her good job at home now．
C．Many good jobs with better pay attracted her but she didn't take them．
D．Compared with bringing up the baby，work seemed to fade to her．
45．Which statement is NOT TRUE about George's family according to the letter？B
A．George's parents gave birth to three children
B．The Georges is a double income family．
C．The children had more arguments during the summer．
D．They recyled soda cans．
46．The passage tries to show usB．
A．how excited a child will be on his first day to school
B．how deeply a mother loves her child
C．how many efforts a mother has made to raise a child
D．how a mother plans her future life after her children go to school．
10．We were in ______ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets．（　　）
A．a rush so anxiousB．a such anxious rush
C．that anxious a rushD．that an anxious rush
9．A unique thermo-solar power station Germasolar in southern Spain can work even on cloudy days： energy stored when the sun shines lets it produce electricity even during the night．
It is the first solar power station in the world that works 24 hours a day!This is how it works：the panels reflect the sun's rays onto the tower，transmitting energy 1，000 times stronger than that of the sun's rays reaching the earth．Energy is stored in tanks，and then steam is produced before finally turned into electricity．
It is the station's capacity to store plenty of energy that makes Gemasolar so different because it allows the plant to transmit power during the night，relying on energy it has gained during the day．
Helped by the generous state aid，renewable energies have enjoyed a boom in Spain，the world number two in solar energy and the biggest wind power producer in Europe，ahead of Germany．
For the Gemasolar solar product，foreign investors helped too：Torresol Energy is a joint enterprise between the Spanish engineering group Sener，which holds 60 percent，and Abu Dhabi-financed renewable energy firm Masdar．
This type of station is expensive，not because of the raw material we use，which is free solar energy，but because of the enormous investment these plants require．The investment cost is over 200 million euros （$ 260 million）．But the day when the business has repaid that money to the banks （maybe，in 18 years，someone estimates），this station will become a 1，000-euro note printing machine!
For now，the economic crisis has nevertheless cast a shadow over this kind of project：Spain is battling to cut its deficit （赤字） as it slides into a difficult time and has cancelled aid to new renewable energy projects．
63．Which of the following pictures most probably shows how the thermo-solar power station works？A

64．What is NOT the reason for this power station being unique？A
A．It is the first solar power station which costs over 200 million euros．
B．It is the first solar power station in the world working around the clock．
C．It even works well when it is cloudy．
D．Its capacity to store energy is large．
65．What makes Germasolar expensive？A
A．The cost to build such a station．
B．The raw material used．
C．The debt owed to the bank．
D．Being a euro note printing machine．
66．What can we learn from the passage？D
A．Spain is building more energy projects．
B．The Spanish government will aid renewable energy projects．
C．The Spanish government ignores the development of this project．
D．Germasolar will make fortunes in the future．
8．It turns out that nodding off in class may not be such a bad idea after all，as a new study has shown that going to sleep shortly after learning new material is the best way to remember it．
According to US lead author Jessica Payne，a psychologist at the University of Notre Dame in Indiana，nodding off after learning something new is like"telling"the sleeping brain what to remember．
Along with colleagues，she studied 207students who habitually slept for at least six hours per night．Participants were casually selected to study declarative （陈述的），semantically （语义上） related or unrelated word pairs at 9am or 9pm，and returned for testing 30minutes，12hours or 24ours later．
Declarative memory refers to the ability to remember facts and events with awareness，and can be broken down into episodic memory （memory for events） and semantic memory （memory for facts about the world）．People routinely use both types of memory every day-recalling where we parked today or learning how a colleague prefers to be addressed．
At the 12-hour retest，memory overall was better following a night of sleep compared to a day of wakefulness．
At the 24-hour retest，with all subjects having received both a full night of sleep and a full day of wakefulness，subjects'memories were better when sleep occurred shortly after learning，rather than following a full day of wakefulness．
"Our study confirms that sleeping directly after learning something new is beneficial for memory．What's new about this study is that we tried to shine light on sleep's influence on both types of declarative memory by studying semantically unrelated and related word pairs，"Payne said．
"Since we found that sleeping soon after learning benefited both types of memory，this means that it would be a good thing to practise any information you need to remember just before going to bed．In some sense，you may be'telling'the sleeping brain what to remember．"

67．The research led by Jessica Payre tries toB．
A．encourage students to nod off in class
B．explain the influence of sleep on memory
C．show students ways to improve memory
D．introduce students two types of memory
68．Which of the following can be an example of episodic memory？D
A．Light travels faster than sound．    B．Beijing is the capital of China．
C．π=3.1415926…D．Tom attended a friend's party．
69．The 24-hour retest shows that subjects'memories were better followingC．
A．a full day of sleep                           B．a full day of wakefulness
C．a sleep shortly after learning                D．a night of sleep after learning
70．What can we infer from the text？C
A．Nodding off in class is very uncommon．
B．People are better at remembering events than facts．
C．Reciting new English words before going to bed may help．
D．The longer sleep we have，the better memory we will have．
7．While the history of technology can be traced along many lines，one of the most amazing development is that of photo technology，the technology of light．From the prehistoric invention of fire to laser beams （激光束） and fiber optics （光纤），light has"continually occupied the minds of inventors"．Their inventions fall into two groups：the use of light to help us see better and more interestingly，the use of light for purposes of communication．
The use of light for communicating is one of the major directions that technology has taken ever since the middle of the nineteenth century．From still photography to motion pictures to television （with a development from black-and-white to color imagery in each），photo technology has had a great effect upon mass communication and mass education．Unlike the printed words，visual images have more impact because they are more immediate．They copy reality in a way that the printed words cannot．Unlike letter shapes，they are not abstract； unlike words，they require no symbolic interpretation by the mind．Combined with the widespread and uniform spreading of such images，photo technology affects the thinking of vast audiences and shapes their view of reality．
Millions of Americans are affected by the commercially-inspired electronic manipulation （操作） of artificial images．We call it"entertainment"and can't wait to get more．
As the number of commercially available television channels grows，the viewer's freedom of choice increases，but so does the burden of that choice．Increasingly he is faced with a sea of in formation and is asked to make quick choices．
More significantly，the ease and rapidity of mass communication has created a supply of information greater than it can readily be absorbed．Flooded in the sea of information，the individual struggles to swim through it．

67．Prom the first paragraph1we can learn about the Technology of light thatD．
A．its practical use is only to enable people to see welt arid clearly
B．it achieved an amazing development in the early nineteenth century
C．its development is related to the study of the history of technology
D．it has aroused the interest of inventors ever since ancient times
68．Why do visual images differ from the printed words？Because theyD．
A．have much deeper meanings
B．enable the viewer to use his imagination fully
C．fail to produce a beneficial effect upon youngsters
D．have a greater immediate influence upon the viewer
69．According to the passage we can know thatA with the development of photo technology．
A．more and more television channels are opened
B．it takes less time for a new idea to be absorbed
C．the number of film goers has become greater
D．fewer and fewer people seem to prefer TV programs
70．The passage is mainly aboutC．
A．the history of technology
B．the speed of mass communication
C．the influence of light on communication
D．the great number of television channels．
6．You know how wonderful you are，and you know that others know how wonderful you are，but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy？For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship．When it happens，there is nothing that you can do，but the good news is that there is．Don't let jealousy spoil your relationships．Deal with it at once and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think．
It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is，but if you want to save your friendship you'll  have to do just that．Don't approach them and ask why they are jealous of you，just take some time alone with them and let them know that you've been feeling like there's been something coming between you．If they refuse to respond，then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling．Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well．
When you figure out what is annoying your friend，ask him or her what （s）he thinks would make the situation better．If，for example，（s）he says that （s）he feels like （s）he doesn't want to spend any time with you because you are always with your new friends from swim team then maybe you could invite him or her along the next time，just the two of you．Remember，though，that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise．Don't limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy．Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out．
Even the best of friendships can be ruined by jealousy．This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies．Before taking extreme action，chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise．If you can't，be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you won't．

67．The underlined"it"in the first paragraph refers toD
A．friendship                      B．relationship
C．admiration                      D．jealousy
68．Which of the following is NOT a proper way to face your friend when jealousy happens？B
A．Walking up to him/her and asking him/her what the problem is．
B．Walking up to him/her and asking him/her why lie/she is jealous of you．
C．Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know what you think．
D．Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know how you do it．
69．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs？D
A．Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies．
B．There's no solution to solve the problem of jealousy．
C．You should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution．
D．You may lose a friend to keep your own gifts，chances or development．
70．The purpose of the passage is toC．
A．explain what causes jealousy
B．offer some advice on making friends
C．introduce the way to cope with a jealous friend
D．explain how destructive the jealous emotion is．
5．Our lives were supposed to be more flexible and family-friendly thanks to the technology at our fingertips．But in this age of BlackBerrys，recession pressures，working at home after hours and on weekends，family time may not be working out the way we thought．
    Busy parents who expected more time with the kids are Finding that more work hours at home don't necessarily translate into quality time with them．
    A new generation of parents needs to discover the meaning of"quality time，"researchers say．"Personally，just given the life I lead，I think there is something to this idea of quality time-spending productive time with children vs．just being around，"says Peter Brandon，a professor at Carleton College．He says engaging or interacting with a child in activities such as reading or playing counts as quality time rather than"passive monitoring，"such as washing the dishes while the child is watching TV．
"This time with children pays off，"Brandon says．He notes that good parent-child relationships result in children being happier and more successful，including at school．
As parents struggle to be more availabie to their kids，new research on work and family  schedules to be presented Friday at the meeting in Dallas includes a study that shows parents'availability is on the decline because more parents are in the workforce．Although parents today may be spending more time on child care，they are less available overall．
     Working parents who spend less time with their children should try to make sure the time they do spend is communicating with them，vs．doing the dishes or spending more time on themselves，Brandon says"The trade-off is not necessarily taking away time from your kid，"he says"You're taking away time from other things"．
71．The first paragraph mainly intends to tell us thatD．
   A．technology lets parents work at home
   B．parents are satisfied with their work
   C．technology makes our lives much easier
   D．the family time is not always satisfying
72．We can learn from the third paragraph thatA．
   A．some families are not experiencing quality time
   B．it's enough for parents to stay with their children
   C．parents enjoy engaging in work-at-home activities
   D．working hours at home can transform into quality time
73．According to Brandon，the quality time meansC
   A．just，being around with children
   B．work time is separate from family time
   C．spending instructive time with children
   D．letting the children do whatever they want to do
74．The underlined sentence"This time with children pays"off meansC
   A．the time with children is of little value
   B．the time with children costs quite a lot
   C．the time with children leads to good result
   D．the time with children has a bad effect on them
75．What will the author most probably talk about in next part of the passage？D
   A．How to spend more time at home
   B．How to do the dishes in a proper way．．
   C．How to spend more time on working at home．
   D．How to take away time in a much proper way．
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