2．A new study has discovered that meditationand oxygen sport together reduce depression．The Rutgers ——青夏教育精英家教网—

2．A new study has discovered that meditation（冥想）and oxygen sport together reduce  depression（抑郁）．The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination done twice a week for only two months，reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40percent
"We are excited by the findings Because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students，"said lead author Dr．Brandon Alderman．"It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression．"
Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in  combating depression．Alderman and Dr．Traeey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training （MAP）enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them．
Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30minutes of oxygen sport．They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing，enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention．
Shors，who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus-part of the brain involved in memory and learning-says scientists have shown in animal mode1s that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive．
The idea for the human intervention（干预）came from her laboratory studies，studies，she says，the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover  from stressful life events．
By learning to focus their attention and exercise，people who are fighting depression can  acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past，Shors says．
"We know these treatments，can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health．"said Alderman．"The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone time any time and at no cost．"

32．What made the research so different？B
A．Adopting a way of meaningful talk．
B．Combining the two ways to treat depression．
C．Treating depression with special medicine．
D．Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed．
33．The underlined word"combating"in Paragraph 3can be replaced byA．
A．fighting         B．identifying
C．distinguishing   D．examining
34．What did the participants do in the research？B
A．They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking．
B．They through quietly and then took exercise．
C．They took exercise longer than they thought．
D．They took exercise while thinking quietly．
35．What is Shors'main purpose of her studies？C
A．To find our certain brain cells of humans．
B．To study the production of new brain cells．
A．To offer people a new methord to treat stress．
A．To decide the links between stress and exercise．

1．I was in Houston a few weeks ago，and needed to be back home in Austin by midmorning the next day．Though I usually left in the evening，for some reason last time I had to choose to set off after midnight．
I was on my way back to Austin when I realized I left an important file，and knew I had to return to get it．I took the first exit I could，but when I rounded the corner，an 18-wheeler was stopped dead in the exit lane．I swerved（急转弯） to avoid it，and then I realized that there was something wrong with my car．So I pulled into a small parking lot and unsurprisingly found the area deserted at 3：15am．I've lived in urban areas most of my life．I'm fairly street-wise and don't become frightened easily，but I knew I was in a pretty tough neighborhood．
There was no one in Houston to pick me up．I immediately locked the doors and picked up my phone to call a tow truck．Soon a young man knocked on my driver's side window and asked if he could help me．Judging from his appearance，he was far from a mad man，but I knew he was far more likely to rob than help me．So I lied to him．After a while，he asked again，but this time I politely refused and told him the tow truck was due any minute．He finally said，"Madam，you need help．A tow truck in Houston will arrive anywhere between 45minutes and approximately never （which I knew was true），and you aren't going anywhere until you change your flat tire．"
After considering thoroughly，I got out．He looked surprised，but got right to work．He changed the tire，returned the seat to its place and said，"Thank you for letting me help you．You gave me a chance when most people would never open the door to someone like me．Would it be okay if I gave you a hug？"When I recovered，I gave him a giant hug．I left with a new tire and a renewed faith in human nature．

4．What's the matter with the author's car？D
A．It couldn't get started．
B．Its oil ran out．
C．It was out of control．
D．Its tire blew out．
5．Why did the author lie to the man and refuse his help in the beginning？B
A．Because she thought the man was playing jokes．
B．Because she thought the man might be a bad man．
C．Because she thought the man wanted to get a lift．
D．Because she thought the man was a mad man．
6．Which of the following can best describe the author？C
A．Stubborn but brave．
B．Impolite and dishonest．
C．Cautious and brave．
D．Generous but dishonest．
7．Which of the following might be the best title for the text？B
A．Attitude Determines Everything
B．Help in the Dead of Night
C．The Fight against Robbing on My Way
D．An Unexpected Traffic Accident．

20．HOLIDAY FUN AT THE POWERHOUSE
500HARRIS STREET ULTIMO，TELEPHONE（02）9217 0111
Join in the holiday fun at the powerhouse this month linked to our new exhibition，evolution& Revolution：Chinese dress 17000s to now．DON'T FORGET our other special event，the Club Med Circus School which is part of the Circus（马戏团）!150years of circus in Australia exhibition experience!
•Chinese Folk Dancing：Colorful Chinese dance and musical performances by The Chinese Folk
Dancing School of Sydney．Dances include：The Golden stick dance and the Chinese drum dance．A feature will be the Qin Dynasty Emperor's court dance．Also included is a show of face painting for Beijing Opera performances．
Sunday 29June and Wednesday 2July in the Turbine Hall，at 11：30am &1：30pm．
•Chinese Youth League：A traditional performing arts group featuring performance highlights such as
the Red scarf and Spring flower dances，and a musician playing Er Hu．
Sunday 6to Tuesday 8July in the Turbine Hall，11：30am to 1：30pm．
•Kids Activity：Make a Paper Horse：Young children make a paper horse cut-out．（The horse is a
frequent theme in Chinese painting，indicating a kind of advancement．） Suitable for ages8-12years．
Saturday 28June to Tuesday 8July in the Turbine Hall，12：00pm to 1：00pm．
•Club Med Circus School：Learn circus skills，including the trapeze，trampolining and magic．Note only
for children over 5．There are 40places available in each 1hour session and these must be booked at the front desk，level 4，on the day．
Tuesday 1to Saturday 5July at 11：30am &1：00pm．
Enjoy unlimited free visits and many other benefits by becoming a Family member of the Powerhouse．
Our family membership cover two adults and all children under the age of 16years at the one address．
Members receive Powerline，our monthly magazine，discounts in the shops and the restaurants，as well as free admission to the Museum．All this for as little as﹩50，000a year!Call （02）9217 0600for more details．

1．When can you watch the Chinese drum dance？A
A．On July 2
B．On July 3．
C．On July 6．
D．On July8．
2．What is required if you want to enjoy free visits to the Museum？D
A．Calling （02）9217 0600．
B．Paying Powerline﹩50，000a year．
C．Coming for the holiday fun．
D．Gaining family membership．
3．What is the main purpose of the text？C
A．To report the performances．
B．To present schedules．
C．To attract visitors．
D．To teach kids Chinese arts．

19．More than four in 10cancers-600，000in the UK alone-could be prevented if people led healthier lives，say experts．The population of the UK is about 63，000，000．
Latest figures from Cancer Research UK show smoking is the biggest avoidable risk factor，followed by unhealthy diets．It advises people to live healthily，limit alcohol intake and do regular exercise．
According to the figures from 2007to 2011，more than 300，000cases of cancer recorded were linked to smoking．A further 145，000were linked to unhealthy diets containing too much processed food．Obesity contributed to 88，000cases and alcohol to 62，200．Sun damage to the skin and physical inactivity were also contributing factors．
Professor Max Parkin，a Cancer Research UK researcher，says："There's now little doubt that certain lifestyle choices can have a big influence on cancer risk，with research around the world all pointing to the same key risk factors．
"Of course everyone wants to enjoy some extra treats during the Christmas holidays so we don't want to ban beef pies and wine but it's a good time to think about taking up some healthy habits for 2015．
"Leading a healthy lifestyle can't guarantee someone won't get cancer but we can stack the odds in our favour by taking positive steps．"
Public Health England says a healthy lifestyle can play an important role in reducing cancer risk．It says campaigns such as Smokefree，Dry January and Change4Life Sugar Swaps all aim to raise public awareness．It's important that we continue to make progress in noticing cancer earlier and improving treatments，but helping people understand how they can reduce their risk of developing cancer in the first place remains important in dealing with cancer．

28．Which of the following is the third biggest avoidable cancer factor？A
A．Obesity．
B．Alcohol intake．
C．Unhealthy diets．
D．Physical inactivity．
29．According to Professor Max Parkin，A．
A．it's OK to drink wine during festivals
B．the causes of cancer are still unclear now
C．unhealthy food should be completely banned
D．a healthy lifestyle will protect us from cancer
30．By saying the underlined words in Paragraph 6，Professor Max Parkin means we canD．
A．help others
B．improve our lives
C．discover cancer early
D．decrease our cancer risk
31．What's the main idea of the text？B
A．Most cancers are caused by smoking．
B．Cancer is greatly linked to our lifestyle．
C．There are different factors that lead to cancer．
D．Public awareness should be raised to prevent cancer．

18．Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful？This might be called laziness，but Dr．Kleitman has a new explanation．He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle．
During the hours when you labour through your work，you may say that you're"hot"．That's true．The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak．For some people that peak comes during the forenoon．For others it comes in the afternoon or evening．No one has discovered why this is so，but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自语）as"Get up，John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening．Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has．
You can't change your energy cycle，but you can make your life fit it better．Habit can help．Dr．Kleitman believes．Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway．Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to．If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day，rise before your usual hour．This won't change your cycle，but you'll get up energy and work better at your low point．
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy．Get up with a yawn and stretch．Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor．Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before．Whenever possible，do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours．

32．If you want to work better at your low point in the morning，you shouldC．
A．change your energy cycle
B．overcome your laziness
C．get up earlier than usual
D．go to bed earlier
33．You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it willA．
A．help to keep your energy for the day's work
B．help you to control your temper early in the day
C．enable you to get your energy on your routine work
D．keep your energy cycle under control all day
34．What's the best title of the passage？C
A．Change Your Habits
B．Save Your Energy
C．Daily Energy Cycle
D．Temperature-and-Energy Peak
35．The text is likely to be selected from a book ofD．
A．fashion                      B．geography
C．environment                  D．Science．

17．Goodbye to teeth
This all started a few months ago，when I had a dull pain in the back of my mouth，around where one of my wisdom teeth was supposed to be coming in．I thought it was a pain that I could live with for a while．
However，during the next few weeks，the pain became more intense，spreading to my teeth，gums and jaw．I was told I had seven wisdom teeth．
Yes，you read that correctly，seven-three more than a normal person．My first reaction when
I heard was to laugh．It's just my luck．My mouth wanted to do more work than it had to．
Focusing on the positive，one of the great things about having extra teeth is watching people's reactions when they find out．So far，I haven't grown tired of repeating myself．
The extra teeth are also a good excuse for me being tongue-tied．I can now blame it on my overcrowded mouth rather than my slow brain．
Of course，with wisdom teeth come the intellect jokes．My parents say my intelligence comes from my extra teeth and not my hard work．My friends agree that once the teeth are pulled，my brain will be that of a 5-year-old．
I've also thought about how I might profit from this．If only I still believed in the tooth fairy，I could make a lot of cash．Maybe I could sell my extras to someone in need．Advertisement：Seven teeth for sale，unused，in almost perfect condition．
Don't be fooled by my jokes．I am worried about having surgery．I'm also going to be sad to see the Lucky Seven go．I've developed quite an attachment to them over the past two days．Once they're removed，I'll just be normal again，and who wants that？

24．When the author found that she had three more wisdom teeth than a normal person，sheA．
A．found it quite funny
B．dealt with the pain calmly
C．was confused and anxious
D．kept it secret from others
25．The intellect jokes from the author's family and friends were intended toC．
A．persuade the author not to remove her wisdom teeth
B．advise the author to work hard to improve her intelligence
C．make fun of the author in a light-hearted way
D．let the author know why she is often tongue-tied
26．When the author came up with the idea of tooth fairy，sheD．
A．believed that her wisdom teeth would grow back
B．thought she could rely on it to make a living
C．had already made up her mind to make money
D．was deeply aware that the idea couldn't become reality
27．What's the article mainly about？B
A．People's different reactions to the author's wisdom teeth
B．How the author has gotten on with her extra wisdom teeth
C．The author's ideas for making use of her wisdom teeth
D．How the author has decided to remove her wisdom teeth．

16．Life for Ron and Joanne Wickham used to be full of soccer games，birthday parties，school plays，and parent-teacher conferences．For most of the past 20 years，they spent their evenings reminding their children to do homework and helping them complete it．Now the evenings are empty except for TV，and the weekends seem to last forever．The children whose activities used to fill their time have moved away and have left empty spaces．The Wickham parents have what is usually called Empty-Nests Syndrome．
Ron and Joanne both work for the Heritage Insurance Company in Ukiah，California．In their mid-50s，they have two children，Anne and Josh．Anne just graduated from California State University-Fullerton and is looking for a banking job in the Bay Area．Josh is still a junior at Claremont McKenna College near Los Angeles，but he can only rarely make the 460-mile trip home to visit his parents．Back in Ukiah，Ron and Joanne often feel the house is too big．"It doesn't really echo，"says Ron，"but it feels like it should．Where is everybody？"
Empty-nesters everywhere know the feeling．They are entering a new stage of life，but they remain tied to their former stage．They are typically between the ages of 48 and 60-still working，still involved in their communities，still rooted．This means they aren't free to travel for entertainment or to pull up stakes and move elsewhere．Generally，they live in the homes where they raised their children．Their daily routines may still echo their full-nest days，with wake-up times meant for driving kids to school or meals that include the children's favorite foods．Therapists point out that Empty-Nest Syndrome doesn't last forever．"Eventually，a so-called empty nest starts to feel normal and new routines develop，"says UCLA psychology professor Jaswant Singh．"Most parents complete this journey just fine，but it usually feels pretty lonely．"

66．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Ron and Joanne？D
A．Their house is so big that it echoes when their children are not at home．
B．Their health condition doesn't allow them to eat steak and move elsewhere．
C．They can now do nothing to kill time but help Josh complete his homework．
D．Their son，a college student，occasionally travels a long distance to visit them．
67．The underlined word"This"in paragraph 3 refers toD．
A．having entered middle age B．their former stage
C．their community D．being tied to a place
68．People with Empty-Nest SyndromeB．
A．usually feel fine when they are on a journey
B．usually lead a normal life but feel quite lonely
C．need psychologists'help to develop new routines
D．can hardly recover from it without taking medicine
69．Which of the following is the best title of the passage？C
A．Ungratefulness of Grown-up Children
B．Adjustment to Brand New Life
C．Emptiness of Empty-Nesting
D．Sacrifice Made for Children．

15．Dieting is often doomed to failure．The problem is，we don't follow the rules we learn．No carbs after 6pm？No problem-until we're out for dinner，on our second glass of wine and reaching for the bread basket．Everyone has a flash point that makes it hard to say no，but ultimately，resisting temptation is the key to successful weight loss．
Now research from leading psychologists has identified the parts of the brain involved in resisting temptation，and how we can use them to stop reaching for chocolate cake．Leading the charge is Professor Walter Mischel，the psychologist who developed the ‘marshmallow test'，which demonstrated that if children were able to delay gratification（满足感），they would be more successful in later life．Mischel's research has shown that to resist temptation，we have to shift activity away from the‘hot'parts of our brain to the‘cool'parts．The mind brain has two systems：one is cool，slow and deliberate，and allows for self-control，goal-setting and willpower-the‘no'system，if you like．The other is hot，emotional and instinctual，and present from birth-the‘go'system．
So when you see a chocolate cake，the‘hot'part of your brain reacts to thoughts of the delicious taste，and the sugar rush that you have learnt a slice will give you．Instead of giving in，what you need to do is to activate the‘cool'part of your brain by thinking about your goals and practicing far-sightedness．Imagine the sense of satisfaction you'd get，from fitting into your favorite dress in a couple of weeks'time，say，or from losing your unsightly tummy bulge before you go sunbathing this summer．It's a simple strategy，but experiments have shown it is highly effective．
Perception is also important．Feasting your eyes on desirable food activates the hot system in the brain，which explains what we know instinctively：putting biscuits out of sight in a cupboard will mean you eat fewer of them．"The problem with diets is they are also full of pictures of delicious diet food； and all of this is just activating the hot system，"Mischel says．
Stress is another key issue．It has been shown to switch on the hot part of the brain and cause us to overeat．The first thing to do is to be aware of how stress changes your behavior．Then develop an action plan to deal with it．This might involve taking healthy snacks to work or finding ways to cope better with your time and emotions．
Brain scans have also shown that memory plays a significant role in overeating．If you habitually eat chocolate，for instance，then every time you see it，you remember the high．So the research is clear：if you want to be slim，fit and healthy，it's time to take control of your mind．

74．By saying‘Dieting is often doomed to failure'，the author declaresD．
A．It's always hard to set up rules we follow in dieting
B．We shouldn't have a flash point to keep a diet．
C．Losing weight is particularly hard to those who drink wine at dinner
D．People tend to give in when tempted with tasty food
75．Which of the following is TRUE about the‘marshmallow test'？B
A．It is developed by psychologists to help treat patients with mental diseases．
B．One of its major findings is the different functions of‘hot'and‘cold'parts with brain．
C．It urges that children should learn to delay gratification for later success．
D．The‘hot'part of our brain always wins over the‘cold'part in establishing our actions．
76．By using the example of‘chocolate cake'，the author aims toD．
A．prove fitting into your favorite dress can help you gain confidence．
B．suggest dieting people should put such food out of sight
C．convince us that chocolate is fattening but it can help release stress
D．explain how the two systems of our brain actually work
77．Accord to the passage，food advertisements are highly attempting for theyC．
A．can help release viewers'stress
B．enjoy great trust from the consumers
C．will easily motivate the‘hot'system
D．keep track of the memory bank．

14．In a time when a dangerous number of people are overweight，many people seem to have forgotten the mostimportant way to keep healthy and slim---exercise．And as a new study carried out on mice in the lab has shown，exercise done early in life can reward you in your adult years．
A team of researchers at the University of California studied the effects of early exercise on adult physical activity，body massand eating．They found that early-age exercise in mice has positive effects on adult levels of voluntary exercise in addition to reducing body mass．
"These results may have an effect on the importance of regular physical education in elementary and middle schools，"said Theodore Garland，a professor of biology，who led the research project．"If kids exercise regularly through their school years，then they may be more likely to exercise as adults，which could have far-reaching positive effects on human health and well-being．"
Although the positive effects of early-life exercise lasted for only one week，it is important to note that one week in the life of a mouse is the same as about nine months for humans．"Our results suggest that any positive effects of early-life exercise on adult exercise will need to be kept up if they are to be long-lasting．"
His team of researchers found，too，that all mice that had access to early exercise were lighter in weight than non-exercised mice．
Garland explained that，in general，exercise will stimulate appetite sooner or later．However，it is possible that certain types of exercise，done for certain periods of time or at certain light levels，might not stimulate appetite much，if at all，at least in some individuals．
"If we could understand what sorts of exercise these might be，then we might be able to tailor exercise recommendations i a way that would bring the benefits of exercise without increase in appetite，leading to a better chance of weight loss，"he said．

28．How long do the positiveeffects of early-life exercise last for a mouse？B
A．One day B．One week C．One month D．Nine months
29 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article？A
A．More study is needed to better understand the effects of different types of exercise．
B．Early-life exercise has life-long positive effects on people
C．Kids should be encouraged to do exercise as early as possible to ensure physical health．
D．The new study on mice mainly focused on how exercise affects appetite．
30．The underlined word"stimulate"in the last but one paragraph is closest in meaning toB．
A．decline B．improve C．vary D．harm
31．What is the article mainly about？D
A．New ways to fight against being overweight．
B．The positive effects of mice
C．The possible risks of doing exercise
D．The positive effects of early-life exercse．

13．A study involving 22brands of lipstick（口红） found that 55percent contained small amounts of lead（铅）which affected women's mental health．
Underwriters Laboratories showed that 12of the lip products tested positive for the harmful substance（物质） with the highest levels at 3.22parts per million．
Dr．SEAN Palfery，medical director for the Boston Lead Poisoning Prevention Program，warned that even low-level lead exposure causes a serious health risk and could affect mental health．He said："What we know now is that even the lowest levels of lead can harm your IQ，your behavior，your ability to learn．"
Many anti-lead activists also stress the need to protect children and pregnant women．Dr．Halyna Breslawec，chief scientist for the Personal Care Products Council，added："If you were serious about the public health aspects of lead poisoning you would not be looking at lipstick．"
Currently there are no standard set by the Food and Drug Administration（FDA） limiting levels in lipstick and it is up to manufacturers to decide on the safety tests performed．Lead is not put in lipstick on purpose but many color additives（添加剂） contain small levels of lead naturally found in soil，water and air．
Janet Nudelman of the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics（化妆品），stated："Clearly the concerning part is that more than half of the lipstick brands do contain lead，but nearly half of them don't，proving that it's possible to produce lipstick without lead．"
The recent findings prove that progress is being made．A 2012study by the FDA found the highest lead level in lipstick was 7parts per million．And another study conducted earlier last year showed that 400popular lipstick brands comprised small amounts of lead．
Lipstick made by L'Oreal，Maybelline，Cover Girl，NARS and Stargazer landed in the top ten，causing the FDA to consider whether it should recommend an upper limit．
33．What does the passage mainly about？B
A．How to make lipstick without harmful lead．
B．Lipstick containing lead affects women's health．
C．Lipstick does great harm to women's stomachs．
D．The best ways to reduce lead in lipstick．
34．The main reason why some lipstick brands contain lead is thatA．
A．many color additives in lipstick have small levels of lead
B．producers put small levels of lead in lipstick on purpose．
C．there are no standards limiting lead levels in lipstick．
D．it is up to producers to decide on the safety tests．
35．The underlined word"comprised"in Paragraph meansA．
A．contained B．produced C．destroyed D．reduced．

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