3．In the United States alone.over 100million cell-phones are thrown away each year．Cell-phones are p——青夏教育精英家教网——

3．In the United States alone，over 100million cell-phones are thrown away each year．Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants．The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole．
Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver．A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste，the concentration （含量） of gold and other precious metals was higher in So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals．
Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals．Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed，the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries，in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment．
Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material，up to 100times more，than the material contained in the finished products．Consider again the cell-phone，and imagine the mines that produced those metals，the factories needed to make the box and packaging（包装） it came in．Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well．
The U．S．Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that"the production，distribution，and use of products-as well as management of the resulting waste-all result in greenhouse gas release．"Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start-for instance，buying reusable products and recycling．
In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive （动机） for reducing waste．If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products，would they reduce the packaging in the first place？
Governments'incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money．Why，they ask，should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap （气泡垫） that encased your television？
From the governments'point of view，a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers．

58．By mentioning the Swiss study，the author intends to tell us thatB．
A．the weight of e-goods is rather small
B．E-waste deserves to be made good use of
C．natural minerals contain more precious metals
D．the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste
59．The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extendedB．
A．from producers to governments
B．from governments to producers
C．from individuals to distributors
D．from distributors to governments
60．What does the passage mainly talk about？D
A．The increase in e-waste．
B．The creation of e-waste．
C．The seriousness of e-waste．
D．The management of e-waste．

2．There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise．Some people believe that they can't help putting an weight as they get older，while others hold that if they stop exercising，their muscles will turn into fat．Here are some more myths
I'll never lose weight--I come from a fat family
Wrong!While we can't change the body type we are born with，we can't blame our genes for making us fat．There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families，and the main reason is that they share the same habit of eating too much and exercise too little．
I am fat because I burn calories slowly
Wrong!Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism（新陈代谢）．In fact，although fat people
consume more energy than slim people，they also fail to realize how much they eat]Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake mom accurately．
Exercise is boring
Wrong!Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively．The key is to develop a balanced and
varied program that's fun as well as progressive．If you enjoy a Sunday walk，take a different mute．
If you do yoga，try a tai chi class．If you like swiping，set yourself a distance or time challenge．
No pain，no gain
Wrong!Exercise is not meant to hurt．Indeed，pain is you body telling you something's wrong，and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury．You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly，but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly．If they don't，rest and seek medical advice．
40．What does the author think about being fat？D
A．It is the family genes that make people fat．
B．People are fat because they consume too little energy．
C．A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat．
D．It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle．
41．According to the author，how can we make exercise mom interesting？A
A．By taking varied exercise．
B．By choosing simple exercise．
C．By doing regular exercise．
D．By sticking to outdoor exercise．
42．What is the author's opinion about"No pain，no gain"in exercising？B
A．Keeping lit is essentially a painful experience．
B．Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt．
C．Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal．
D．Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body．
43．What is the purpose of the passage？B
A．To declare the importance of keeping lit．
B．To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise．
C．To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit．
D．To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise．

1．What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn't a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle．On a mere 1/10 ofan acre in Los Angeles，Loe andher family grow，can（装罐） and preserve much of the food they consume．
Loe is a master food preserver，gardener and canning expert．She also operates a website，where she share her tips and recipes，with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what's on their plate．
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer，but she quickly learned thather enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food．"I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs（香草） and foods for that fresh flavor，"she said．Engineer by day，Loe learned cooking at night school．She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods．
"I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm，"Loe said．Through her website Loe emphasizes that"anybody can do this anywhere．"Got an apartment with a balcony（阳台）？Plant some herbs．A window？Perfect spot for growing．Start with herbs，she recommends，because"they're very forgiving．"Just a little of the herbs"can take your regular cooking to a whole new level，"she added．"I think it's a great place to start．"Then？Try growing something from a seed，she said，like a tomato or some tea．
Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does．With every planted food，Loe noted，there's a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor．"I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar．"Loe said．"Canning for me is about knowing what's in your food，knowing where it comes from．"In addition to being more in touch with the food she's eating，another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children："Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture，"she said，"that if we don't take care of the earth，no one will．"

55．The underlined word"prerequisite"（Para.1）is closest in meaning to"C"．
A．recipe
B．substitute
C．requirement
D．challenge
56．Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs？B
A．They are used daily．
B．They are easy to grow．
C．They can grow very tall．
D．They can be eaten uncooked．
57．According to Loe，what is the benefit of canning her planted foods？A
A．It can preserve their best flavor．
B．It can promote her online sales．
C．It can better her cooking skills．
D．It can improve their nutrition．
58．What is the"the bigger picture"（Para.6）that Loe wishes her children to understand？D
A．The knowledge about good food．
B．The way to live a grow-our-own life．
C．The joy of getting in touch with foods．
D．The responsibility to protect our earth．

5．_________I have to give a speech，I get extremely nervous before I start．（　　）

4．John had planned to make a compromise，but ___________ he changed his mind at the last minute．（　　）

3．Human beings are born with the ability to recognize a change in number．____________，experiments show that many animals are，too．（　　）

2．Most athletes did not win a medal in __________ race held in our town last week，but they all agree it was __________ great event．（　　）

1．一What do you think of the UNICEF？
一Great．Its programs have saved thousands of children in Africa ______who would have died from lack of food or terrible diseases．（　　）

15．I have to throw away my white shirt __________ my daughter has drawn several imaginative pictures with her favorite pen．（　　）

14．She knew that their relationship was coming to an end，for he sounded very cold and ___________ every time she phoned him．（　　）

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