“A rolling stone gathers no moss , but there is one living animal that does gather moss

“A rolling stone gathers no moss (苔藓),” but there is one living animal that does gather moss — the three-toed sloth（树懒） of South America. This slowest-moving member of the animal kingdom is so inactive that moss actually gathers on its body and turns it green — strange as it seems!

Most of the sloth’s life is spent motionless, hanging upside down from a limb（大树枝）. And that is the way its hair grows. Long and coarse, the strands from receptacles for the damp jungle algae（藻类）turn the brown fur a mossy green. Actually this moss helps the animal survive because it serves as a perfect camouflage against the leafy trees and hides the sloth from the jungle’s swift-moving hunters. The sloth would have little chance of survival on the ground. With long, curved claws hooded over the limb of a leafy tree, it spends the long hot hours during the day drowsing and eating. Inch by inch, it strips the leafy limbs bare and crawls slowly down the trunk to find a new dining spot, but only at night.

In addition to looking rather like a vegetable, the sloth is a strict vegetarian. Running out of its favorite leaf is about the only thing that will make a sloth move. Then its appetite（食欲）may even force the animal into swimming a stream to reach a succulent（肉质植物）. It will also force it into fighting to keep the tree all to itself. The sloth is lazy and prefers to be alone, but it will tolerate its own relatives!

1.A suitable title for this passage might be ________.

A. Wild AnimalsB. Animal Kingdom

C. Moss GrowthD. The Lazy Animal

2.The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.

A. to help children to gain a better understanding of animal life

B. to prove that the saying “a rolling stone gathers no moss” is wrong

C. to introduce a particular animal to the common reader

D. to discuss with professionals the laziness of some animals

3.Which of the following is NOT true about the sloth?

A. The sloth does not eat any meat.

B. For most of its time, the sloth remains motionless on the ground.

C. To some degree, the sloth is protected by the moss growing on its body.

D. The sloth has a brown fur of its own.

4.According to the passage, the sloth will move about when ________.

A. it senses a coming danger

B. it is forced to swim in a hot day

C. it is short of its favorite food

D. it wants to keep the vegetable to itself

5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned or implied by the author?

A. The sloth has only three toes.

B. The sloth lives in the damp jungle of South America.

C. The sloth usually tries to find a new spot for food at night.

D. The sloth will never fight with other animals.

Most countries have their own breakfast traditions. For example, a breakfast containing bread, eggs, and coffee, is common in the United States. However, people in Japan usually have white rice and vegetable soup for breakfast. 1. In fact, in some Asian countries, breakfast does not usually mean foods that are different from other meals.

European countries have their own breakfast traditions too! In Italy, people usually just eat bread and coffee. 2. And an “English breakfast” means eggs, salted meat, vegetables or fruit, and bread. It is a very large meal.

In Africa, breakfast is very different across the continent. 3. In Nigeria, for example, many different tribes eat different foods for breakfast. One common thing is ground beans. In parts of Nigeria, people make a round cake from beans and cook it in oil. In other parts of Nigeria, people drink coffee. They also eat bread with butter or chocolate on it, along with fresh fruit.

4. People in Costa Rica, Central America have a meal called gallon pinto for breakfast. Gallo Pinto is Spanish for “spotted rooster,” but the breakfast food is not a rooster or a chicken! Gallo Pinto is just rice and beans. It also uses a special sweet and spicy(辛辣的) liquid called Lozano Sauce, which is a special part of the Costa Rican breakfast. People eat different versions of this same food in other Central American countries. 5. But all of them find ways to eat the things that will be healthy for them.

A. But these meals can be different.

B. In other parts of Africa, people drink coffee.

C. This is very similar to other meals in the day.

D. In the Americas, the breakfast meal is different too.

E. Each country across the world has a different breakfast.

F. In Germany, people eat different cold meats and special bread rolls.

G. What people have for breakfast differs a lot even within the same country.

完形填空

There is one word that is on the lips of Americans, day and night, “Sorry”.

Once as I was walking on the street, a young man ran by ________, brushing against my handbag. ________ he continued on his way, he ________ back and said “sorry” to me. Even in a rush, he didn’t forget to apologize.

One day, after I bought some apples, the salesman was giving me the change, ________ I wasn’t ready for it, and ________ dropped on the ground, “I’m sorry,” he said while bending down to pick it up. I was ________—why would he apologize when it was my ________?

Another time, I ________ on a man’s foot in an escalator (电梯）. At the same time , we both said “sorry”. I thought it ________ at first: was it really ________ for him apologize?

Later on, an American friend ________ to me that according to the American ________, the escalator is a(n) ________ place which everyone should be able to stand in. After someone occupies(占据）a position in the escalator, making it ________ for someone else to find a place to stand in, isn’t it necessary to ________ an apology?

During my stay in America, I gradually ________ that when friction (摩擦) occurs in daily life, Americans don’t care much about who is ________. If someone is ________, a “sorry” is always necessary. Even if the other person is hurt, the “sorry” would ________ tempers（脾气）. Perhaps this is ________ I never saw anyone quarreling on the buses, subways or streets in America.

1.A. excitedlyB. hurriedlyC. happilyD. fast

2.A. ThoughB. AfterC. Even asD. Even if

3.A. stoppedB. heldC. watchedD. turned

4.A. orB. andC. butD. so

5.A. a coinB. the applesC. The walletD. a bill

6.A. impressedB. movedC. annoyedD. puzzled

7.A. problemB. matterC. faultD. business

8.A. movedB. steppedC. walkedD. knocked

9.A. interestingB. acceptableC. excitingD. reasonable

10.A. politeB. importantC. surprisingD. necessary

11.A. announcedB. explainedC. suggestedD. admitted

12.A. ideasB. rulesC. opinionsD. senses

13.A. openB. commonC. publicD. free

14.A. unfitB. impossibleC. narrowD. difficult

15.A. expressB. speakC. sayD. tell

16.A. realizedB. rememberedC. recognizedD. meant

17.A. mistakenB. responsibleC. carelessD. correct

18.A. nervousB. sickC. worriedD. troubled

19.A. reduceB. coolC. loseD. change

20.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. how

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ___1.__water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to elder __2.__ had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man __3._ (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled ___4.__ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home __5.__ a happy heart.

After the student left, the teacher let __6.___ student taste the water. He spit it out, __7.__ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like __8._?”

The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be __9.__ (sweet).”

We understand this lesson best ___10.___ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号() 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Sandy is seventeen years old. And she is much busy. She never has enough time for that she wants to do. Like many other girls about her age, she spends hours on the telephone, talks to her friends. She often goes out on the weekends, and she looks after children for other families to get some money. But, of course, during the school years she herself has a lot homework to do. During the football season, Sandy is more busier than usual. She and other pretty girls are cheer leaders. They jump up and down together, cheering when the team have played well. When the team is not playing so well, the girls try their best encourage the players. The cheers are usually not long, but it takes a long time to practice shout them together.

国内某家英文报纸设有一个求助信箱（letters to Dr. Helper）。请根据一份学生现状中列出的部分信息，以高三学生王勇的名义，用英语给Dr. Helper写一封短信（写信时间为2003年2月16日）。

学生现状：1、每日在校时间9小时；

2、每日作业时间3—4小时；

3、每日课外活动时间几乎没有；

4、每日睡眠时间不足。

负担过重原因：考试压力大；作业多，家长期望高

生词：负担过重overload 压力pressure 期望expectation

注意：1、书信格式要正确；

2、表达要点要全，不能逐句翻译；

3、词数120左右。

Dear Dr. Helper,

_______________________________________________________________________________

For the Travel section, writers and editors selected special items to profile from a dozen cities.

Brussels:Chocolate

Nearly half the chocolate consumed in the world is eaten in Europe, and Belgium—with average consumption of 14.99 pounds per person a year—certainly covers its fair share. While Brussels, the country’s capital, is home to hundreds of chocolate makers, what makes a visit necessary is the rich heritage of traditional chocolate makers.

Budapest: Paprika (红辣椒)

The job of preparing Hungarian paprika was once considered too dangerous for mothers to do. A woman who touched her children upon returning from work risked burning them, so only the elderly and unmarried were allowed the delicate task of separating the skin from the flesh. But by the early 20th century, sweeter varieties and a machine turned paprika into a common feature of all Hungarian cuisine.

Lisbon: Tiles (瓷砖)

Is there a bluer Country than Portugal? The blue sky and Atlantic Ocean embrace the land. The blue moods of Fado, the dark folk music, form the national soundtrack. And all across Portugal, the typically blue designs of azulejos—ceramic tiles—are spread across churches, castles, palaces, university halls, parks... The result is a beautiful land of Christian saints, Portuguese kings, historical glories, aristocrats at leisure, seascapes and so on.

Madrid: Guitars

Walking into one of Madrid’s storied guitar makers’ workshops can feel like stepping into the past. Curly wood shavings, from the palest pine to ebony, fall onto the floor as artisans turn some humble wood into works of art. It’s painstaking work—all done by hand—with classical guitar models and the methods of making them changing little over the last century.

1.What does the job of preparing Hungarian paprika suggest?

A. The popularity of Hungarian peppers.

B. The difficulty of processing peppers.

C. The unique tradition in Budapest.

D. The hot level of Hungarian peppers.

2.Which city can be a splendid setting for a film?

A. Brussels.B. BudapestC. LisbonD. Madrid.

3.What’s the similarity of the four items?

A. They’re all treasures of a city.

B. They all date back to several centuries.

C. Their production processes are all painstaking.

D. They all win popularity in most European countries.

Harper Lee, whose 1961 novel To Kill a Mockingbird on the racial troubles of the American deep south, has died at the age of 89.

Until last year, Lee had been something of a one-book literary legend. To kill a Mockingbird sold more than 40 million copies around the world and earned her a Pulitzer prize, remaining a towering presence in American literature. Another novel, Go Set A Watchman, was controversially published in July 2015 as a “sequel” to Mockingbird, though it was later confirmed to be Mockingbird’s first draft.

But from the moment Mockingbird was published to almost instant success, the author consistently avoided public attention. Lee had lived for several years in a nursing home near the house in which she had grown up in Monroeville, Alabama—the setting for Maycomb of her famous book. Her neighbor for 40 years, Sue Sellers, said, “She was such a private person. All she wanted was privacy, but she didn’t get much. There was always somebody following her around.”

James Naughtie, BBC Books Editor, commented on the novels of Harper Lee: “I think she stands, particularly among American readers, as someone who shone a light into a very dark place. She was writing at a time when people were beginning to lift the lid on everything in the South which they’d chosen not to understand. That all changed in the 1960s. So I think her status for writing that book in its extraordinarily direct way will remain.

1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Lee became successful with stories on American south.

B. People owe Lee’s success to luck to some degree.

C. Mockingbird makes Lee a wonder in American literature.

D. Mockingbird was a bestseller by selling 40 million copies.

2.What does “Maycomb” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?

A. A nursing home.

B. Lee’s hometown.

C. A fiction place.

D. A main character.

3.Which best describes Americans’ attitude towards racial troubles before the 1960s?

A. Tolerant.B. Unconcerned.C. Sympathetic.D. Dissatisfied

4.What can we learn from the text?

A. Lee based all her stories on her life.

B. Lee had to avoid being followed by her fans.

C. Lee wrote Go Set A Watchman before Mockingbird.

D. Lee lived in the house where she grew up for the whole life.

It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time. This is because food attracts germs; germs produce acid, and acid hurts your teeth and gums. Flossing (使用牙线) helps to remove the food that gets stuck between your teeth. This explains why flossing helps to keep your mouth healthy, but some doctors say that flossing can also be good for your heart.

It may seem strange that something you do for your teeth can have any effect on your heart. Doctors have come up with a few ideas about how flossing works to keep your heart healthy. One idea is that the germs that hurt your teeth can leave the mouth and travel into your blood.Germs that get into the blood can then attack your heart. Another idea is based on the fact that when there are too many germs in your mouth, the body tries to fight against there germs. For some reason, the way the body fights these mouth germs may end up weakening the heart overtime.

Not every doctor agrees about these ideas. Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good heart health is only a coincidence. The incidence (发生率) of two or more events is completely random, as they do not admit of any reliable cause and effect relationship between them. For example, every time I wash my car, it rains. This does not mean that when I wash my car, I somehow change the weather. This is only a coincidence. Similarly, some doctors think that people who have bad flossing habits just happen to also have heart problems, and people who have good flossing habits just happen to have healthy hearts.

The theory that flossing your teeth helps to keep your heart healthy might not be true. But every doctor agrees that flossing is a great way to keep your teeth healthy. So even if flossing does not help your heart, it is true to help your teeth. This is enough of a reason for everyone to floss their teeth every day.

1.From the passage, we know that ________.

A. food stuck between your teeth may hurt your teeth

B. all of the doctors agree that flossing is good for your heart

C. doctors’ judgment about flossing is based on medical research

D. not every doctor thinks flossing helps to keep your teeth healthy

2.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 is to ________.

A. provide an example

B. make a comparison

C. introduce a new topic

D. develop the previous statement

3.Which of the following best states the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. It is a fact that flossing can help your heart as well as your teeth.

B. There is no good reason to believe that flossing will help your heart.

C. Because doctors find flossing won’t help your heart, it is useless to floss.

D. Even if flossing is only good for your teeth, you should still do it every day.

4.Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Flossing by Coincidence

B. How to Keep Your Teeth Healthy

C. Flossing Habits and Healthy Hearts

D. Why Doctors Disagree About Flossing

It is not only praise or punishment that determines a child’s level of confidence. There are some other important ways we shape our kids—particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words. For example, we can say to a child “Don’t run into traffic!” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren’t scaring themselves about what not to do.

Why does such a small thing make a difference? It is all in the way the human mind works. What we think, we automatically rehearse. For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn’t be able to do it. When a child is told “Don’t fall off the tree,” he will think of two things: “don’t” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind. A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off. So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”

Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things. Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words. So parents should make their commands positive. “Sam, hold on firm to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don’t you dare to fall out of the boat?” or worse still “How do you think I’ll feel if you drown?” The changes are small but difference is obvious.

Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.

1.Positive choice of words helps kids to ________.

A. do things carefully

B. build up their confidence

C. improve their imagination

D. learn in different situation

2.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. A child will act on what is instructed.

B. One can’t help imagining what is heard.

C. A child will fall off the tree when told not to.

D. One won’t think of a blue monkey when given money.

3.Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?

A. Fasten your seat belt.

B. Don’t play by the lake.

C. How do you think I’ll feel if you get hurt?

D. Don’t you dare to walk through the red light.

4.The main idea of the passage is that ________.

A. praise makes kids confident

B. right instructions keep kids safe

C. clear commands make kids different

D. choice of words can make a difference

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