Ever wonder why sometimes a hug is all you need ? You can’t explain it , but there’s just something comforting about being in your wife’s arms after a rough day or giving mom a hug after a long time apart .

A new study says the warm feeling in a hug is more than just skin deep . Researchers from the University of California , Berkeley believe that this loving feeling could have anti-aging benefits .

Oxytocin , sometimes referred to as the “ love hormone（荷尔蒙）” or the “ trust hormone , ” is responsible for those indescribable feelings we get when we’re bonding with a lover or a loved one .

Levels of the hormone drop as we age , and evidence suggests that could be a contributing factor to the deterioration of our bodies as we age . Muscle loss in particular is one of the major side effects of aging , with our bodies losing up to 5 percent of our muscle mass each decade past our 30s .

In the study , published in the journal Nature Communications , researchers injected oxytocin into older mice with muscle damage . The older mice had lower levels of the homeone than younger mice initially . But after nine days , the older mice who were given the hormone healed better than those who did not . In fact , their ability to repair muscle damage was up to 80 percent that of the younger mice .

The results were not only fast-acting , but provide hope for future uses of the hormone in a variety of anti-aging capacities . “ This is good because it demonstrates that extra oxytocin improves aged tissue stem cells（组织干细胞）without making muscle stem cells divide uncontrollably , ” study co-author Wendy Cousins said in a statement .

Previous uses of anti-aging molecules have also been associated with higher cancer risk , but researchers are hopeful that oxytocin can be useful in humans without this risk . In the future , researchers of Berkeley say oxytocin could be used to fight other age-related health issues by improving bone health and even being used as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy .

Now go out and give someone a hug .

1.According to the passage , oxytocin __________ .

A. decreases when people get older

B. creates loving feeling on the skin

C. leads to the great loss of muscles

D. can be used in humans without any risk

2.The underlined word “ deterioration ” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to the state of __________ .

A. getting fatter B. becoming worse or less

C. growing stronger D. dividing uncontrollably

3.What can be learned from the research ?

A. All the older mice healed faster in the research .

B. Older mice healed better than younger ones after 9 days .

C. Extra oxytocin in older mice controlled muscle cell division .

D. Mice with oxytocin injection improved the ability to repair muscle damage .

4. What can be a suitable title for the passage ?

A. When Do We Need A Hug ?

B. A New Anti-aging Product

C. Hugs Having Healing Power

D. How Can We Grow Muscles ?

There seems to be a general assumption that brilliant people cannot stand routine ; that they need a varied , exciting life in order to do their best . It is also assumed that dull people are particularly suited for dull work . We are told that the reason the present-day young complain so loudly about the dullness of jobs is that they are better educated and brighter than the young of the past .

Actually , there is no evidence that people who achieve a lot desire , let alone live , colorful lives . The opposite is nearer the truth . Einstein worked out his theory of relativity while serving as a clerk in a Swiss patent office . Immanuel Kant’s（康德）daily life was a dull routine . The housewives of Konigsberg set their clocks when they saw him pass , on his way to the university . He took the same walk each morning , rain or shine . The greatest distance Kant ever traveled was sixty miles from Konigsberg .

It may be true that work on the assembly line（流水线）dulls the abilities and empties the mind , and the cure is only fewer hours of work at higher pay . But during fifty years as a workingman , I have found dull routine coexisting with an active mind . While doing dull , repetitive work by the water , I could talk with my partners and compose sentences in my mind , all at the same time . Chances are that had my work been too interesting I could not have done any thinking and composing at work or even on my own time after returning from work .

People who find dull jobs unbearable are often dull people who do not know what to do with themselves at leisure . Children and mature people will get used to dull routine , while the adolescent , who has lost the child’s ability for concentration and is without the inner resources of the mature , needs excitement and novelty to get rid of boredom .

1. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that __________ .

A. great minds hate to live colorful lives

B. Einstein worked out his theory in a university

C. Kant only took the same walk on rainy and sunny days

D. Kant might pass Konigsberg every day at the same time

2.How does the author feel about his repetitive work by the water ?

A. It made his mind empty .

B. It was well-paid but too demanding .

C. It worked well with his active mind .

D. It was too interesting to think of anything else .

3.The reasons why youngsters dislike dull work include the following EXCEPT that they __________ .

A. are not mature enough

B. think themselves smart

C. often complain about others

D. don’t know how to spend spare time

4.What is the purpose of the passage ?

A. To argue for the benefits of dull work .

B. To present some facts about dull work .

C. To share his own dull working experience .

D. To persuade young people to live a dull life .

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My grandmother was diagnosed with the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease（老年痴呆症）when I was 10 . At that point in my life , I was ________ as all kids are , so I didn’t think twice about it . I had no idea how it would ________ affect my life , as well as my family .

As I grew up , I ________ my grammy changing . She ________ forget where she set her book , or she couldn’t find her purse . ________ , I didn’t think it was serious . Yet one incident ________ was my wake-up call .

About three years ago , my father and I went to visit my ________ after a tornado went through our town . I went inside , gave my grammy a hug and took my ________ seat on the couch by her side . Suddenly , she ________ me , hesitated for a moment and with ________ eyes that stared right past me , asked , “ Now you’re graduating this year , aren’t you ? ” I was a freshman , so I was ________ by why she was asking me about ________ . Grammy used to well recall the birthdate of every one of her grandchildren . I assured her that I still had a few years ________ graduation and moved the conversation along ________ .

As soon as I got into the car , I started to ________ , realizing how her disease had ________ , transforming my grammy into someone I could hardly ________ . We used to picture my grandmother as the only ________ of the whole family . ________ , The role has switched . Now she is the one who ________ our help . From now on , I will try to cherish the good days and to get through the bad days as best as I can . She will always be my grammy .

1.A. generousB. unkindC. selfishD. cute

2.A. greatlyB. especiallyC. hardlyD. partly

3.A. ignoredB. noticedC. imaginedD. disliked

4.A. shouldB. canC. mustD. would

5.A. Before longB. In no timeC. Once againD. Sooner or later

6.A. in returnB. in generalC. in particularD. in theory

7.A. friendsB. teachersC. sistersD. grandparents

8.A. regularB. plasticC. firstD. safe

9.A. referred toB. yelled atC. turned toD. laughed at

10.A. flashingB. emptyC. tearfulD. sharp

11.A. excitedB. nervousC. frightenedD. confused

12.A. testsB. birthdateC. graduationD. time

13.A. beforeB. sinceC. forD. on

14.A. curiouslyB. doubtfullyC. impatientlyD. quickly

15.A. escapeB. cryC. compareD. guess

16.A. goneB. improvedC. progressedD. spread

17.A. contactB. observeC. recognizeD. grasp

18.A. care-giverB. bread-earnerC. memberD. cleaner

19.A. ThereforeB. StillC. BesidesD. However

20.A. declinesB. needsC. appreciatesD. gives

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Today I’m here to tell you about the survival course I and all other scientists have to go through when we arrive in the Antarctic , and this is 1. they call field training .

The first day’s training was the construction of snow shelters . We 2. ( divide ) into three teams 3. four persons in each team . Each team went for a different type of shelter . The Canadian 4. ( choose ) the snow shelter type ; the New Zealanders dug through a pile of snow and we decided to dig a hole in the ground . We 5. ( foolish ) thought it would be the easiest . So we set to work and after 6. ( dig ) for a couple of hours , it was beautiful , deep and long 7. unfortunately far too wide . 8. else succeeded with their efforts but we had to announce 9. ( fail ) , for we couldn’t get enough snow 10. ( build ) a roof . So in the end all we had was a deep hole and that’s how we came to sleep outside at night in one of the coldest places in the world .

短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Two years before , I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car . Unfortunate , I had an accident and hit another car , and I needed to stay in hospital for at least two week . I called my parents , so I did not tell them what had happened . I knew that they would be worried about myself because I was so farther away , and that my mother would not sleep if she knew . Therefore , I told them interested stories and how I am enjoying Brazil . As a result , nobody knew truth . I still think that it am the right thing to do .

段落翻译（根据中文意思翻译整个段落，共10分）

关于成功学的书在中国一直很流行，原因就是人们想当然的认为成功等同于发财。但是他们忽视了一个事实：成功人士的奋斗史（striving）其实只不过是被美化的回忆而已。实际上，只有当你足够了解他们，你才知道他们获得成功有多么困难。

For career changers thinking about growth and advancement potential, forget the blue-collar and white-collar categories: Green is the way to go. According to Bracken Hendricks, a senior fellow at the Center for Global Progress, careers that promote environmental responsibility will become main stream within a decade. “The growth in green careers will be like the Internet boom, which not only created new jobs, but also had an influence on the overall economy,” he says.

The increasing environmental problems and need for eco-friendly products and services are creating a new job section of green-collar jobs. Many countries of the world have realized the importance and need for energy-saving products and services. It is expected that by 2025 about 25% of the jobs in developed countries will be of green-collar jobs. Doesn’t the data look promising for the future?

Green-collar jobs have become a bright career chances for all. And jobs will pop up at every income level, from environmental manager to gardener. For example, many countries including the United States have understood that fossil fuels have negative effect on the environment which can later become a serious danger to mankind. As a result, possibilities are being explored to find alternatives to satisfy demands in a better way. The increasing demand of newer resources has creating the need for experts and researchers who can find better ways to deal with the ongoing needs. In addition, in order to meet the increasing demands of environment-friendly equipment, both green product designer and educated and trained workers are needed. Management of environmental organizations also demands a large number of environmental managers.

Where can you find green-collar jobs? Internet is undoubtedly the best way to find information on almost any matter. Nowadays, different kinds of jobs are being posted online. Search through a couple of job websites to look for a bright future in energy conversion and recycling of waste management. Check regularly and find the right work for yourself. People who read newspapers can also find different kinds of green-collar jobs.

1.Why does Bracken Hendricks mention the Internet Boom in Paragraph One?

A. To explain the importance of technology.

B. To provide evidence of his recent research.

C. To inform us of the way of finding green-collar jobs.

D. To indicate the bright future of green careers.

2.Which of the following probably creates green-collar jobs?

A. Promoting services.

B. Developing new resources.

C. Consuming fossil fuels.

D. Training employees.

3.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?

A. The requirements for green employees.

B. The development of the green industry.

C. The job chances in the environmental industry.

D. The economic influence of green careers.

4.The passage is written to _______.

A. discuss eco-friendly services

B. suggest ways of saving energy at work

C. introduce promising career chances

D. explain the best method of finding jobs

Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simply because no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every person has the right to fail.

Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her child’s hasty-made table as “Perfect!” even though it doesn’t stand still. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid.

The trouble with failure-prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time--- and that it’s possible to enjoy a game even when we don’t win. A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’t make the honor roll on the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick consolation, prize or say, “It doesn’t matter.” because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment—and be helped to master it.

Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts grown-ups and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did I fail?”

Don’t blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you can improve. If someone else can help, don’t be shy about inquiring. Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a bad party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a failure that seems definitive can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction. After 12 years of studying ballet, a friend of mine auditioned for a professional company. She was turned down. “ Would further training help?” she asked. The ballet master shook his head. “ You will never be a dancer”, he said, “You haven’t the body for it.”

In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock(估量) of the situation bravely asking, “What have I left? What else can I do?” My friend put away her shoes and moved into dance treatment center, a field where she’s both able and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there’s less to lose. Often there is recovery of energy—a way to find new possibilities.

1.The second paragraph tells us ___________

A. how a mother praised her children

B. parents should blame their children at the proper time.

C. how to shift blame

D. two ways of failure prevention most parents use when their children fail

2.According to the author, what should a child know in the real world?

A. No one can be best all the time at everything.

B. He should be equipped for life.

C. No parents should offer quick consolations.

D. He can get pleasure from failure as well as success.

3.The underlined word “prompt” in the fifth paragraph can be best replaced by “_________.”

A. prevent B. cause C. continue D. exchange

4.From the passage we know that ______________.

A. success lies in hard work

B. never be disappointed to life

C. failure can affect one’s life greatly once he learns to use it.

D. everyone had his own value

If you go by ______ train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get _____ fast one.

A. the, the B. /, a C. the, a D. /, /

They have a good knowledge of English but little _______ they know about German.

A. have B. did C. had D. do